Quick Facts Flashcards
Anti-Ri antibody
Breast and small cell lung ca in adults, neuroblastoma in children
Opsoclonus-myoclonus, retinal degeneration
Anti Hu antibody
Small cel lung ca
Encephalomyelitis, sensory neuropathy
Anti-Ta antibody
Brain and testicular tumors
Limbic and brainstem encephalitis
Anti-Tr antibody
Hodgkin’s disease
Subacute cerebellar disorder with dysarthria and nystagmus (against purkinje cells)
Anti-VGCC antibody
Lambert-eaton syndrome, associated with oat cell/small cell lung ca
Neuromuscular disorder, ab against presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channels
Anti-Yo antibody
Ovarian, uterine, breast cancer
Cerebellar disorder, brainstem encephalitis
Glutamic acid decarboxylase
Stiff man syndrome, involuntary muscle spasms and rigidity
Anti-Ma antibody
Testicular or lung ca
Limbic encephalitis, b/l hyper intense lesions on T2 in medial temporal cingulate and insula, memory impairment And AMS
Path- peri vascular mononuclear infiltrates, no viral inclusions
West syndrome
Infantile spasms, repeated flexion or extension spasms of head, trunk and limbs 10-30sec, 4-8mo
Eeg: hypsarrhythmia
Tx: corticotropin (acth), prednisone, vigabatrin, ketogenic diet
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Myoclonic jerks usually in morning, normal IQ, 12-16yo, autosomal dominant
Eeg: 4-6hz spike waves and poly spike discharges
Tx: valproate
Petit mak seizure
Absence sz, blank staring spells
Eeg: 3hz spike wave discharges
Tx: ethosuximide, valproate
Lennox-gestaut
MR, uncontrolled seizures in 80%, 2-6yo, associated with encephalopathy and malformations, proceeded by infantile spasms
Tx: valproate, lamotrigine, topamax
Ia sensory fibers
alpha-type A
Annulospiral endings of muscle spindles
Largest (17um) and fastest (120m/s)
Type Ib sensory fibers
Alpha-type A
Golgi tendon organs
16um diameter
Type II sensory fibers
Beta and gamma type A
Flower spray endings of muscle spindles and cutaneous tactile receptors
8um diameter
Type III sensory fibers
Delta type A
Temperature, crude touch, and pricking pain
3um diameter
Type IV sensory fibers
Type C
U myelinated fibers relaying pain, itch, temperature, and crude touch
0.5-2um diameter
Skeletal muscle motor fibers
Alpha type A
Myelinated, fastest motor fibers
Muscle spindle motor fibers
Gamma type A
Myelinated
Sympathetic motor nerve fibers
Type C
unmyelinated, slowest
Meissner corpuscles
Touch, vibration (80cycles per sec), also some spatial resolution but not as good as merkel
Small receptor fields, signal transmitted via large myelinated beta-type A fibers
Rapidly adapting, superficial in no hair skin, esp soles of feet and palms
Allow people to distinguish between two pointed structures placed together on skin
Consist of stack of flattened Schwann cells
Merkel disks
Touch and pressure, spatial pattern (sharpest of all sensory endings in skin)
Small receptive fields, slowly adapting
Group together to fill a single Iggo dome receptor, which is innervated by single beta type A fiber
Superficial in dermal papillae of hairy and no hair skin, at center of papillary ridge
Pacinian corpuscle
Vibration (high freq stim- 30-800 cycles per sec)
Superficial and deep, rapidly adapting
Beta type A fibers
Largest sensory receptor
Ruffini end organs
Heavy touch and pressure
Slow adaptive, large receptive fields
Deep layers (sub q and joint capsules)
Hair end organs
Touch
Rapid adapting
Base of hair follicles
Free nerve endings
Touch- delta type A fibers 5-30m/s
Tickle/itch - C fibers 62m/s, unmyelinated
Pain- C fibers
