Quick DEPPS Revision Flashcards
What was the Status of the Church in 1520?
Incredibly Powerful, Dominated Everyday Life in England
How much did the Church make in 1520?
£400,000 a year - compared to £40,000 for the Crown.
Church made 10x more in 1520
Who was the leader of the Church in 1520?
The Pope in Rome.
Pope Leo X until 1521, Pope Adrian Vi until 1523, Pope Clement VII until 1534, Pope Paul III until 1549
What was the Great Chain of Being?
The structure of Society as determined by God. God, Monarch, Lords, Gentry, Peasants, Animals
What was the Tithe
Tax paid directly to the Church - 10% of your earnings
What did Catholics believe about the Afterlife?
Split into Three - Heaven, Hell and PURGATORY
Who was Martin Luther?
the First PROTESTant - 95 Theses.
What was a Main Complaint of Luther?
The Church (Priests/Bishops) selling Indulgences - ‘Tickets to Heaven’
How did Wolsey Respond to Luther?
He had arguments made against them, had books/works publicly burned
When did Henry VIII ‘Break with Rome’?
King Henry VIII broke with Rome in 1534 when he passed the Act of Supremacy, which made him the Supreme Head of the Church of England
How much did Henry VIII increase his wealth after the Break with Rome?
Henry VIII made 1.3 million pounds, which is over 500 million pounds today, from the Dissolution of the Monasteries.
Henry VIII’s acquisition of the Catholic Church’s wealth made him one of the richest monarchs in English history. He used the money to fund foreign wars, the navy, and royal building projects.
Why did Henry VIII break up with the Catholic Church?
Divorce
Henry wanted to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, to marry Anne Boleyn. The Pope refused to grant him a divorce because Catherine was the aunt of the Holy Roman Emperor.
Power
Henry wanted to be the Supreme Head of the Church of England, which would give him more power and wealth.
Succession
Henry needed a male heir to secure the Tudor dynasty. His only son with Catherine of Aragon died young.
How many people did Henry VIII sell Church Lands to?
The land was sold to over 40,000 people, including nobles, merchants, and self-made men. This created a group of landowners who would oppose the return of Catholicism.
Who secured an Annulment for Henry VIII?
Thomas Cromwell
One of Wolsey’s most trusted servants, Cromwell was appointed to council in 1519. Cromwell became one of the most successful businessmen in London before his service to the king.
Cromwell was Henry VIII’s chief minister and was responsible for securing a divorce for the king from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. Cromwell was successful where his predecessors, Thomas Wolsey and Thomas More, had failed.
What years would be considered the English Reformation?
From 1534 to 1603 -
1534 - King Henry VIII breaks away from the Catholic Church
1549 - Publication of the Book of Common Prayer, the official prayer book of the Church of England
1553 - Queen Mary I restores the Catholic Church in England and persecutes members of the Church of England
1558 - Queen Mary I dies and the Church of England is restored by Queen Elizabeth I
1558 - The Act of Supremacy is passed by Parliament, which solidified the Church of England’s position as the nation’s official religion and made it illegal to swear allegiance to the pope
1603 - Queen Elizabeth I dies
