Quick Cardio Flashcards
What type of murmur is best heard at the LLSB?
Still murmur
What type of murmur is best heard at the ULSB?
Pulmonary flow murmur
What type of murmur is best heard at the R/LUSB, low anterior neck?
Venous hum murmur
Which murmur sounds like VSD?
Still murmur
Which murmur sounds like ASD?
Pulmonary flow murmur
Which murmur sounds like PDA?
Venous hum murmur
Which murmur is musical, short, high-pitched?
Still murmur
Which murmur is soft?
Pulmonary flow murmur
Which murmur is a continuous musical hum?
Venous hum murmur
Which two murmurs are loudest when supine?
- Still murmur
- Pulmonary flow murmur
Which murmur resolves when the patient is supine?
Venous hum murmur
Which is the only innocent diastolic murmur?
Venous hum murmur
What murmur is often seen in infancy, ages 2-7 years?
Still murmur
What murmur is often seen ages 3+ years?
Pulmonary flow murmur
What murmur is often seen ages 2+ years?
Venous hum murmur
What is the most common congenital heart defect?
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Which defect involves harsh, holosystolic murmur at LLSB?
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
What is the most common classification/location associated with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?
Ostium Secundum
Which defect involves a fixed widely split S2?
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
Which defect involves a continuous “machinery” murmur; wide pulse pressure, bounding pulses?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Which defect is more common preemies, females, maternal rubella?
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Which two IV medications are used in treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?
- IV Prostaglandin E1
- IV Indomethacin
Which defect is more common males; if female, Turner Syndrome?
Coarctation of Aorta (CoA)
Which defect is often seen with unexplained HTN?
Coarctation of Aorta (CoA)
Which defect involves absent/decreased femoral pulses; UE SBP >20 mmHg higher than LE SBP?
Coarctation of Aorta (CoA)
Which defect involves CXR shows “Figure 3” sign and inferior rib notching?
Coarctation of Aorta (CoA)
What is the most common cyanotic CHD?
Tetralogy of Fallot
Which defect involves “tet spells”?
Tetralogy of Fallot
Which defect involves CXR shows “boot-shaped” heart with upturned apex?
Tetralogy of Fallot
Which defect involves “blue baby”?
Transposition of Great Arteries (TGA)
Which defect involves CXR shows “egg-on-a-string”?
Transposition of Great Arteries (TGA)
Which defect involves single heart sound of S2?
Tricuspid Atresia
Which defect involves narrow S2 split?
Truncus Arteriosus
Which defect must have ASD with R → L shunt for oxygenation?
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
Which defect ALWAYS involves PDA?
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Which defect ALWAYS involves VSD?
Truncus Arteriosus
Which condition involves warm CREAM/CRASH?
Kawasaki Disease
What condition involves high-dose ASA and IV Immunoglobulin IgG as treatment?
Kawasaki Disease
What condition involves coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) as a complication?
Kawasaki Disease
What is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young people?
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
