Quick and Dirty Patho Flashcards
Preclampasia Pathophysiology
Preeclampsia occurs because of placenta circulation abnormalities.
Where the large spiral arteries fail to penetrate the myometrium, resulting in hypo perfusion and ischemia which results in suboptimal utter-placental bloodflow.
An exagerated state of oxidative stress develops in the placenta, adversely affecting angiongesis. As the pregnancy develops, anti-angiogenesis factors are released into the maternal blood resulting in wide spread vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction leading to HTN and preeclampsia
Eclampsia Pathophysiology
Breakdown of the autoregulatory system of the cerebral circulation, leading to hyperperfusion, endothelial dysfunction and vasogenic and/or cytotoxic edema.
Eclampsia is the convulsive manifestation of preeclampsia and one of several clinical manifestations at the severe end of thee spectrum
HELLP Pathophysiology
It probably represents a severe form of preeclampsia but the relationship between the two disorders remains controversial.
Microangiopathy and activation of intravascular coagulation can account for all the laboratory findings of HELLP
Placental abruption pathophysiology
Referes to the partial or complete placental detachment prior to delivery of the fetus. The dx is typically reserved for pregnancies >20 weeks gestation
The immediate cause of premature placental separation is rupture of maternal vessels in the decider basalts. The ruptured maternal vessels may be an artery or a vein.
Complete or nearly complete placental separations are caused by high pressure arterial hemorrhage in the central area of the placenta that extensively dissect through the placental-dicidual interfaced.
This leads to rapid development of potentially life-threatening clinical manifestation of abruption.
If a massive amount of tissue factor is released, a massive amount of thrombin is generated and enters the maternal circulation. This overwhelm hemostatic control mechanisms, without allowing sufficient time for recovery of compensatory mechanisms.
Leading to profound hemorrhage and wide spread intravascular fibrin deposition and DIC
Placenta Previa pathophysiology
Refers to the presence of placental tissue that extends over the internal cervical os.
Sequela includes the need for c-seection as well as the potential for severe antepartum bleeding, preterm birth and post-partum hemorrhage
PPROM pathophysiology synopsis
A variety of pathologic events (infection, inflammation, mechanical stress or bleeding) can disrupt homeostatic processes and initiate a cascade of biochemical changes that culminate in PROM
