questions/vocab

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

a series of chemical reactions that convert light energy water and carbon dioxide into the food energy glucose and give off oxygen.

Question 2

Cellular respiration

Answer 2

is a series of chemical reactions that convert the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP.

Question 3

energy

Answer 3

the strength and ability to do something

Question 4

Stimulus

Answer 4

:are any changes in an organism’s environment that cause a response.

Question 5

Tropism
Phototropism
Thigmatropism-
Gravitropism-

Answer 5

-response that results in plant growth toward or away from a stimulus.
Thigmatropism-
Gravitropism-

Question 6

Phototropism-

Answer 6

the growth of a plant toward or way

Question 7

Thigmatropism.

Answer 7

Thigmatropism

the response of a plant to touch.

Question 8

Gravitropism

Answer 8

Gravitropism-the response of a plant to gravity

Question 9

Photoperiodism
Long -day plants –
○ Short -day plants-
○ Day-neutral plants- t

Answer 9

the response of an organism to seasonal changes in day length.

Question 10

.Long -day plants

Answer 10

plants that flower when exposed to less than 10-12 hours of darkness

Question 11

Short -day plants-

Answer 11

Short -day plants-requires 12 or more hours of darkness

Question 12

Day-neutral plants

Answer 12

Day-neutral plants- the flowering of plants doesn’t seem to be affected by the number of darkness.

Question 13

Plant hormones-
        Auxins- 
	Ethylene- 
	Gibberellins-
	Cytokinins-

Answer 13

Plant hormones- are substances that act as a chemical messengers within plants.
        Auxins- 
	Ethylene- 
	Gibberellins-
	Cytokinins-

Question 14

Auxins

Answer 14

increase plant growth

Question 15

Ethylene

Answer 15

• gas produced by seeds, flowers, and fruits. Responsible for ripping and rotting.

Question 16

Gibberellins-

Answer 16

-increased growth of stem and leaves.

Question 17

Cytokinins

Answer 17

• increase rate of cell division.

Question 18

Alternation of generation

Answer 18

occurs when the life cycle of any organism alternates between diploid and haploid generations.ns

Question 19

Haploid

Answer 19

• having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.

Question 20

Diploid

Answer 20

containing an equal set of chromosomes from each parent.

Question 21

Pollen grains

Answer 21

forms from tissue in a male reproductive structure of a seed plant.

Question 22

Ovule

Answer 22

the female reproductive structure of a seed plant where the haploid egg develops.

Question 23

Embryo

Answer 23

an immature diploid plant that develops from a zygote.

Question 24

Seed

Answer 24

-an embryo, its food supply and protective energy.

Question 25

-Stamen

Answer 25

the male reproductive organ.

Question 26

Pistil

Answer 26

-the female reproductive system.

Question 27

Ovary

Answer 27

-at the base of the style, contains more ovaries.

Question 28

Fruit

Answer 28

• the ovary, and sometimes other parts of the flower, will develop, contains more seeds.

Question 29

Xylem

Answer 29

the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem.

Question 30

Spores

Answer 30

-daughter cells produced from haploid structures.

Question 31

What color are most leaves? Why?:

Answer 31

Green, because of chlorophyll/chloroplast

Question 32

How do materials move through plants?

Answer 32

How do materials move through plants?:materials move through the tissue of plants, waters moves through xylem and sugar moves through phloem

Question 33

Why do plants carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 33

allows plants to make their own food

Question 34

How do plants carry out photosynthesis?:

Answer 34

carbon dioxide + water → sugar + oxygen

Question 35

What is the small opening in the leaves called?

Answer 35

stomata

Question 36

How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis alike, and how are they different?:

Answer 36

Alike: both are chemical processes that need to be carried out in order for a plant to produce usable energy and be able to survive
Different: photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, while cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria

Question 37

Why is it sometimes hard to see a plant’s response to a stimulus?

Answer 37

:because the response may occur over a long period of time

Question 38

1. Name 3 examples of environmental stimuli?(Tropisms):

Answer 38

a. Phototropism
b. Thigmatropism
c. Gravitropism

Question 39

How do plants respond to the chemical stimuli, or hormones, auxin and ethylene?:

Answer 39

a. Auxin: increased plant growth and usually responsible for phototropism
b. Ethylene: stimulates ripening of fruit

Question 40

What is the alternation of generation in plants?:

Answer 40

is the alternation of a plant’s life cycle between diploid and haploid generations.

Question 41

What are the only human cells that are haploid?

Answer 41

sperm and egg cell, the human sex cells

Question 42

How do seedless plants such as mosses and ferns reproduce?:

Answer 42

haploid spores→ haploid plants→ sperm & egg→ fertilization→ diploid zygote→ diploid plant→ meiosis→ haploid spores

Question 43

How do seed plants reproduce?:

Answer 43

Separate diploid male and female reproductive structures produce haploid sperm and egg. If a sperm fertilizes an egg, a diploid zygote forms.

Question 44

are substances that act as a chemical messengers within plants.

Answer 44

Plant hormones- are substances that act as a chemical messengers within plants.
○	Auxins- 
○	Ethylene-
○	Gibberellins-
○	Cytokinins-

Question 45

increase plant growth

Answer 45

Auxins

Question 46

gas produced by seeds, flowers, and fruits. Responsible for ripping and rotting.

Answer 46

Ethylene

Question 47

increased growth of stem and leaves.

Answer 47

Gibberellins

Question 48

increase rate of cell divison.

Answer 48

Cytokinins