Questions from mock exams Flashcards
Which disease primarily affects women - primary biliary cirrhosis or primary sclerosing cholangitis?
Primary biliary cirrhosis - 90% of those affected are women.
What is the most common type of bladder cancer?
- Transitional cell carcinoma
What test is commonly used to evaluate myasthenia gravis?
Tensilon test.
What histological sign is CMV associated with?
- “owl’s eye” intranuclear inclusions.
What test is commonly used to evaluate Paget’s disease?
- Alkaline phosphatase.
Are staphylococcus and streptococcus gram -ve or +ve?
Gram +ve
What is the symptom commonly associated with endocarditis that is easily forgotten about?
- Haematuria.
When treating cystitis, what is used when the infection is complicated?
- Use nitrofurantonin or a quinoline antibiotic instead.
What will be present in the blood film of a patient with EBV?
Abnormal monocytes.
What is the first line treatment for thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura?
Corticosteroids
What can basal bilateral crepitations indicate?
- Infection
- Oedema
What are the two most common infections seen in bronchiectasis?
- Haemophilius influenza
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What does a lentiform shape on a brain MRI suggest?
Extradural haemorrhage.
Which cancer is least likely to metastasise to the bone?
Skin cancer.
What is the genetic abnormality associated with CML?
- Philadelphia chromosome.
- 9 and 22 translocation.
What is Legionella pneumophilia associated with?
- Aerosolised water inhalation.
What does INR measure? What is the therapeutic range?
- INR measures extrinsic coagulation (uses PT).
- INR therapeutic range is 2-3.
What does SIADH cause in terms of electrolyte balance and blood volume?
- Normovolaemic hyponatraemia.
What comminly causes hypovolaemic hyponatraemia?
- Excessive fluid loss eithere from kidneys or due to vomiting/diarrhoea.
When does the post-partum baby check take place?
6-8 weeks.
How does a duodenal ulcer differ from a gastric ulcer?
- Duodenal. Pain better while eating and worse 3-5 hours after. Therefore can cause weight gain.
- Peptic. Pain worse while eating and for 1-2 hours after. Therefore can cause weight loss.
What is the first line scan used for kidney stones?
- Non-contrast CT (contrast is not needed for most kidney stones).
Which kidney stones are radiolucent?
Uric acid stones.
Which kidney stones are the most common?
Calcium oxalate stones.
