Questions for Heart as a Pump Flashcards
Covers aspects of the cardiac cycle occurring in time and on a PV plot.
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The filling valve for the right ventricle is the __________________ valve.
tricuspid
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The filling valve for the left ventricle is the ___________________ valve.
mitral
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The emptying valve for the right ventricle is the ___________________valve.
pulmonic
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The emptying valve for the left ventricle is the ___________________valve.
aortic
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The P wave of the ECG marks ___________________.
atrial depolarization
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The QRS complex of the ECG marks ___________________.
ventricular depolarization
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The T wave of the ECG marks _________________.
ventricular repolarization
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The change in left ventricular pressure, lowest to greatest, during a typical cardiac cycle is about ______________ times that in the aorta.
3x : 120 vs. 40
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Left atrial contraction directly results in the closure of which cardiac valve?
None
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Left ventricular contraction directly results in the closure of which cardiac valve?
mitral
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The aortic valve opens shortly after activation of which excitable cardiac node?
AV node
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The 1st heart sound follows closure of which ventricular valves?.
tricuspid and mitral
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Which heart sound is caused by the opening of the pulmonic and aortic valves?
None–valve opening does not create a sound.
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The volume of the ventricle at the time of the QRS is called the _________________ .
End diastolic volume
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Ventricular repolarization results in what ECG wave?
T wave
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The most rapid flow rate out of each ventricle occurs between which ECG waves?
QRS and T waves
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The cardiac phase between the QRS wave and aortic valve opening is called ________________ .
isovolumetric contraction
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Right ventricular muscle shortening begins when the ______________ valve opens.
pulmonic
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The cardiac phase between the closure of the pulmonic and the opening of the tricuspid valves is called ______________________.
isovolumetric relaxation
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The portion of the cardiac cycle from closure of the aortic valve to the QRS wave is called ventricular ___________________.
diastole
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The portion of the cardiac cycle from the QRS wave to the closure of the aortic valve is called ventricular ________________.
systole
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The left ventricular volume at the time the aortic valve closes is called the ________________.
end systolic volume
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The phases of the cardiac cycle when all valves are closed are termed _____________.
isovolumetric
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The phases of the cardiac cycle when all valves are open are termed ____________.
imaginary–no such phase exists
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During systole, left ventricular wall tension is lowest when the _______________ valve closes.
aortic
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Arterial diastolic pressure occurs when the ______________________ valve opens.
aortic
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In any given cycle, left ventricular preload is greatest when the ___________________ valve closes.
mitral
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Right ventricular afterload is first determined when the ______________ valve opens.
pulmonic
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Left ventricular EDV represents ____________________ for ventricular muscle.
preload
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For any given cycle, stroke volume is defined as the volume difference_______________ .
EDV minus ESV
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Ventricular filling follows the __________________ curve on the PV plot.
passive relaxation
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For any preload and afterload, the ESPV curve on the PV plot locates where any systolic shortening must ________.
end
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For any given cycle, the end of systolic shortening is determined by the location of the _________________________ curve.
ESPV, end-systolic pressure-volume
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All else equal, an increase in Pa diastolic would ___________________ stroke volume.
decrease
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All else equal, an increase in contractility would ___________________ stroke volume.
increase
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All else equal, an increase in ventricular end diastolic pressure would ___________________ stroke volume.
increase
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For any given cycle, a decrease in Pa diastolic would __________________ ESV.
decrease
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If ESV decreases when EDV and Pa diastolic are unchanged, you would guess that _____________________ has increased.
contractility
The variation of peak developed cardiac muscle tension with the frequency of activation is called _________.
Treppe or the staircase phenomenon.
