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Pharm > Questions FINAL > Flashcards

Questions FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

A nurse is switching medication from po to iv. Based on the first-pass effect, what should the nurse expect in regards to the dosage?

The dosage will be the same
The dosage will be lower
The dosage will be higher
Nothing will happen

A

The dosage will be lower

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2
Q

A patient has a problem metabolizing the medication, what kind of disease is most likely to cause this issue?

Renal Dysfunction
Cirrhosis of the liver
Left-heart failure
Parylytics illeus

A

Cirrhosis of the liver

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3
Q

A patient has a problem excreting the medication, what kind of disease is most likely to cause this issue?

Renal Dysfunction
Cirrhosis of the liver
Left-heart failure
Parylytics illeus

A

Renal dysfunction

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4
Q

A patient is bleeding too much and he needs a transfusion to help the blood coagulate better. Which transfusion would he most likely receive?

Cryoprecipitate and Plasma Protein Factors( PPF )
Fresh Frozen Plasma
Packed Red Blood Cells (PRBC’s)
Whole Blood

A

Fresh frozen plasma

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5
Q

An obese patient is receiving Atorvastatin (Lipitor) and warfarin. What interaction does Atorvastatin (Lipitor) have on Warfarin?

Warfarin’s action will last longer in the body. Increased risk for bleeding
It will have no effect
It will make Warfarin less effective
It will allow warfarin to bind much more effectively to the metabolizing proteins.

A

Warfarin’s action will last longer in the body. Increased risk for bleeding

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6
Q

Which antihypertensive drug would you not give to a patient because it causes bronchospasm

Captopril
Carvidilol
Hydrachlorathiazide
Amidipine

A

Carvidilol

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7
Q

Which drug would you most likely give to a patient with hypertension and liver cirrhosis?

Captopril
Carvidilol
Hydrachlorathiazide
Amidipine

A

Captopril

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8
Q

What are the main adverse effects of ace inhibitors? (Select all that apply)

Dry non productive cough
Bronchospasms
Hyperkalemia
Diuresis
Constipation
A

Dry non productive cough

Hyperkalemia

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9
Q

What adverse effect would a nurse monitor for in a patient taking spironolactone?

Hypokalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypercalcemia

A

Hyperkalemia

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10
Q

Which diuretic would you not give to a patient with a sulfa allergy?

Mannitol
Spironolactone
Furosemide
Acetazolamide (Diamox)

A

Furosemide

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11
Q

Which diuretic may crystallize in low temps, and needs a filter?

Mannitol
Spironolactone
Acetazolamide (Diamox)
Bumetanide

A

Mannitol

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12
Q

Which complications do you monitor for a patient taking opioids? Select all that apply

Diarrhea
Constipation
Tachypnea
Hypersensitivity 
Bradyapnea
A

Constipation

Bradyapnea

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13
Q

A patient has overdosed on hydromorphone, what is the antidote?

Flumazenil
Naloxene (Narcan)
Dantrolene
Acetylcysteine

A

Naloxene (Narcan)

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14
Q

A patient has overdosed on diazepam (Valium), what is the antidote?

Flumazenil
Naloxene (Narcan)
Dantrolene
Acetylcysteine

A

Flumazenil

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15
Q

A patient has overdosed on tylenol (Acetaminophen), what is the antidote

Flumazenil
Naloxene (Narcan)
Dantrolene
Acetylcysteine

A

Acetylcysteine

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16
Q

A patient has overdosed on phenobarbital. What is the “treatment”? Choose the best answer

Give the antidote
Black charcoal therapy
Increase the intake of fluids
Flumanezil

A

Black charcoal therapy

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17
Q

Which antihypertensive drug would you mostly give to a patient because it is cardioprotective and renal protective?

Lisinopril
Amiodipine
Losartan
Carvidolol

A

Lisinopril

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18
Q

Which antihypertensive drug does not seem to cause hyperkalemia, but may cause upper respiratory infections?

Carvidolol
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Losartan

A

Losartan

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19
Q

Which of these lab values indicate high levels of fat in the body?

Cholesterol = 230 mg/dl
Triglyceride = 139 mg/dl
HDL = 48
LDL = 98 mg/dl
A

Cholesterol = 230 mg/dl

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20
Q

What a nurse administers amiodarone and coumadin (Warfarin) together, what must be considered?

Amiodarone weakens the effect of coumadin (Warfarin).
The drugs added together increases each other’s effect.
The drugs will have no effect on each other..
Coumadin (Warfarin) reduces the effect of Amiodarone.

A

The drugs added together increases each other’s effect

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21
Q

What foods must be restricted when a patient is taking Warfarin (Coumadin)?

Avocados
Barley
Spinach
Legumes

A

Spinach

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22
Q

What is a significant adverse effect of inhaled corticosteroids?

Bronchodilation
Tachycardia
Diuresis
Oral fungal infections

A

Oral fungal infections

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23
Q

What is the antidote for Heparin?

Vitamin K
Flumazenil
Protamine sulfate
Spinach

A

Protamine sulfate

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24
Q

An example of (HFpEF) is?

Myocardial infarction
Mitral regurgitation
Aortic stenosis
Diabetes Mellitus

A

Diabetes mellitus

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25
Q

An example of (HFrEF) is?

Diabetes mellitus
Myocardial infarction
Pulmonary hypertension
Renal Failure

A

Myocardial infarction

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26
Q

What is the antidote for beta blockers?

Naloxene (Narcan)
Glucagon
Insulin
Dantrolene

A

Glucagon

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27
Q

A patient has Raynaud’s phenomenon, what drug would be given to treat it?

Carvidilol
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Losartan

A

Amlodipine

28
Q

Which medication can treat heart failure by decreasing the afterload (SVR) in patients?

Carvidilol
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Losartan

A

Amlodipine

29
Q

Which medication can treat heart failure by decreasing the afterload (SVR) in patients?

Carvidilol
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Losartan

A

Losartan

30
Q

What common adverse effect occurs with antihypertensive medication in men?

Constipation
Atelactisis
Sexual dysfunction, Impotence
Edema

A

Sexual dysfunction (impotence)

31
Q

Which antihypertensive decreases preload?

Hydrochlorothiazide
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Losartan

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

32
Q

A patient has is taking hydrochlorothiazide to lower the blood pressure. Which drug if given to this patient would not be as effective at reducing the blood sugar because of the interaction with hydrochlorothiazide?

Insulin
Glucophage (Metformin)
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Nateglinide (Starlix)

A

Insulin

33
Q

A patient is going to receive a CT scan with contrast, which medication will contraindicate with the procedure?

Insulin
Glucophage (Metformin)
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Nateglinide (Starlix)

A

Metformin

34
Q

Which drug therapy for osteoporosis stimulates bone formation, similar to the action of parathyroid hormone?

Calcitonin (Calcimar)
Denosumab (Prolia)
Raloxifene (Evista)
Teriparatide (Forteo)

A

Teriparatide (Forteo)

35
Q

A patient has high blood pressure and is taking hydrochlorothiazide to lower blood pressure. Which drug, if given to this patient would unintentionally lower blood sugar too low? Choose the best answer according to Table 32.5.

Insulin
Glucophage (Metformin)
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Nateglinide (Starlix)

A

Glucophage (metformin)

36
Q

Which medication would you give to a patient to stimulate appetite in an AIDS or cancer patients.

Nateglinide (Starlix)
Megestrol (Megace)
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Teriparatide (Forteo)

A

Megestrol (megace)

37
Q

Which drug would you not give to a patient with pulmonary problems?

Daunorubicin
Bleomycin
Cisplatin
Doxorubicin

A

Bleomycin

38
Q

Which drug would you not give to a patient with cardiac problems? Select all that apply.

Daunorubicin
Bleomycin
Cisplatin
Doxorubicin
Carmustine
A

Daunorubicin

Doxorubicin

39
Q

Which drug does not produce bone marrow suppression?

Daunorubicin
Bleomycin
Cisplatin
Doxorubicin

A

Bleomycin

40
Q

Which lab value would be of concern for a person taking phenytoin (Dilantin)?

3.1 Albumin
3.8 Potassium
137 Sodium
0.9 Creatinine

A

3.1 Albumin

41
Q

Which antiepileptic drug can only mix with normal saline and not anything else?

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Primidone (Mysoline)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

Phenytoin (dilantin)

42
Q

Which drug should not be given to a patient that has a liver problem?

Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Phenobarbital
Primidone (Mysoline)
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)

A

Primidone (Mysoline)

43
Q

Which drug would you not give to a patient with heart conditions that involve bradycardia?

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Primidone (Mysoline)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

44
Q

Which drugs may have reduced effectiveness when given with oral contraceptives? Select all that apply (Women slide 24)

Lisinopril
Carvidilol
Losartan
Glucophage (Metformin)
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
A

Carvidilol
Metformin
Dilantin

45
Q

Which drug would you give within 2 days of when symptoms occur?

Acyclovir
Ganciclovir
Indinavir
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

A

Tamiflu

46
Q

Which oral antidiabetic drug is contraindicated with patients with a serum creatinine level higher than 1.5 mg/dL.

Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Glucophage (Metformin)
Acarbose (Precose)
Pioglitazone (Actos)

A

Metformin

47
Q

Which oral antidiabetic drug contraindicates with a patient that has an allergy to sulfonamide antibiotic?

Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Glucophage (Metformin)
Acarbose (Precose)
Pioglitazone (Actos)

A

Glimepiride (amaryl)

48
Q

Which medication must be discontinued 72 hours before and during any prolonged immobility (such as surgery)? (women slide 67)

Megestrol (Megace)
Risedronate (Actonel)
Raloxifene (Evista)
Calcitonin (Calcimar)

A

Raloxifene (Evista)

49
Q

Which medication, if used in long term therapy can cause gingival hyperplasia?

Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Primidone (Mysoline)
Diazepam (Valium)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

50
Q

What is a major adverse effect of Sildenafil (Viagra)?

Phimosis
Priapism
Paraphimosis
Pulmonary Fibrosis

A

Priapism

51
Q

What’s wrong with giving beta blockers to a diabetic patient taking insulin?

The blood pressure will rise too high
Beta blockers mask the tachycardia from hypoglycemia
Beta blockers mask the bradycardia from hyperglycemia
There is nothing wrong with this

A

Beta blockers mask the tachycardia from hypoglycemia

52
Q

For Fixed-Combination, I have a combination that is “Humulin 70/30”. What does this mean? (p. 507)

70% Humulin 30% Normal saline
70% Normal saline 30% Humulin
70% NPH 30% Humulin
70% Humulin 30% NPH

A

70% NPH 30% Humulin

53
Q

Which drug can be used to treat high-altitude sickness?

Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Diazepam (Valium)
Acetazolamide (Diamox)
TOpiramate (Topamax)

A

Acetazolamide (Diamox)

54
Q

Which medication can lead to the development of Stevens-Johnson syndrome when treating Lennox-Gastaut syndrome? (P.227)

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Diazepam (valium)
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Acetazolamide (Diamox)

A

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

55
Q

Which medication is commonly used for neuropathic pain, postherpetic neuralgia, and fibromyalgia? (P.227)

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Diazepam (valium)
Acetazolamide (Diamox)
Pregabalin (Lyrica)

A

Pregabalin (Lyrica)

56
Q

Angle-closure glaucoma is a common adverse effect of what type of drug?

Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Topiramate (Topamax)
Zonisamide (Zonegran)

A

Topiramate (Topamax)

57
Q

Which antiepileptic drug would you not give to a patient with a sulfur allergy?

Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Topiramate (Topamax)
Zonisamide (Zonegran)

A

Zonisamide (Zonegran)

58
Q

A patient experiencing liver impairment and pancreatitis should not be given which non hepatic enzyme inducing antiepileptic drug?

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Valproic Acid
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Primidone (Mysoline)

A

Valproic Acid

59
Q

What adverse effect is common with the -statin drugs? (anti lipid drugs)

Diarrhea
Rhabdomyolysis
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Thromboembolism

A

Rhabdomyolysis

60
Q

Which antibiotic would be most reliable in treating a patient with gram-positive bacteria?

1st generation
2nd generation
3rd generation
4th generation

A

1st generation

61
Q

Which antibiotic would be most reliable in treating a patient with gram-negative bacteria?

1st generation
2nd generation
3rd generation
Pregeneraton

A

3rd generation

62
Q

Drug half life is defined as the amount of time required for 50% of drug to:

Be absorbed by the body
Reach a therapeutic level
Exert a response
Be removed by the body

A

Be removed by the body

63
Q

A patient is hospitalized with hypertension. She tells the nurse she thinks she might be pregnant. The nurse expects to give which of the following antihypertensives?

Lisinopril
Losartan
Carvidolol
Methyldopa

A

Methyldopa

64
Q

The nurse is giving the patient 1 gm of Vancomycin for a bacterial infection. The nurse knows it is most important to check which of the following labs before giving the medications?

Potassium
Sodium
Creatinine
Magnesium

A

Creatinine

65
Q

An elderly woman took a prescription medicine to help her to sleep; however, she felt restless all night and did not sleep at all. The nurse recognizes that this woman has experienced which type of reaction or effect? (I got this from the book)

Allergic reaction
Idiosyncratic reaction
Mutagenic effect
Synergistic effect

A

Idiosyncratic reaction

Pharm (8 decks)

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