QUESTIONS

Question 1

Structure of the knee (3 bones)

Answer 1

The knee consists of 3 bones; the femur, tibia and the patella.

Question 2

Structure of the knee (cartilage between femur and tibia)

Answer 2

The lateral meniscus-outside

The medial meniscus-inside

Question 3

Structure of a knee (2 muscle that supports the knee)

Answer 3

Hamstring=Back

Quadriceps=Front

Question 4

Joint actions (movements)

Answer 4

Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Circumduction and rotation.

Question 5

Antagonistic pairs

Answer 5

As one muscle contracts, the other relaxes. All examples of this are; Bicep+Tricep, Quadriceps+Hamstring, Deltiods+Latissimus dorsi, Pectoralis Major+Trapezius/Romboids, Rectus Spinae+Erector Spinae,

Question 6

4 Types of contractions

Answer 6

Concentric contractions-muscle shorten as it contracts.
Eccentric contractions- Muscle lenghtens as it contracts.
Isometric contractions- no change in the length of the contracting muscle.
isotonic contraction-tension remains the same, whilst the muscle’s length changes.

Question 7

Spine (parts)

Answer 7

Cervical (7 bones
Thoracic (12 bones)
Lumbar (5 bones)
Sacrum (5 bones)
Coccyx (3 bones)

Question 8

Spine (defects)

Answer 8

scoliosis- S or C shaped vertebrae
Lordosis- Lumbar forwarded
Kyphosis- Thoracic Curved

Question 9

Posture

Answer 9

the position in which someone holds their body when standing or sitting

Question 10

Types of postures

Answer 10

forward head posture
forward rotated shoulders
sway back
flat back
scoliosis

Question 11

Different types of Muscular strength (3)

Answer 11

Agile Strength
Strength Endurance
Explosive Strength

Question 12

Difference between Fitness and Health

Answer 12

Fitness is measurable whereas health is not measurable.

Question 13

Somatotypes (3 types)

Answer 13

Endomorph=fat
Mesomorph=muscular
Ectomorph=skinny

Question 14

Principles of training

Answer 14

SPORT- Specificity, Progressive Overload, Reversibility, Tedium
FITT- Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type

Question 15

Types of muscles (smooth)

Answer 15

known as Involuntary muscle due to our inability to control its movements. Examples are; Intestines, Trachea, Veins, etc.

Question 16

Types of muscles (cardiac)

Answer 16

It is involuntary, striated muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the walls of the heart. Example, Heart

Question 17

Types of muscles skeletal

Answer 17

attach to bones and have the main function of contracting to facilitate the movement of our skeletons.
For example; Biceps and Triceps

Question 18

Fast and slow-twitch fibers

Answer 18

Slow twitch- muscle fibers that help long endurance

Fast Twitch- fibers that facilitate powerful movements while having the least endurance.

Question 19

Blood pressure

Answer 19

Low- 40-90 systolic, 40-60 diastolic
Normal- 90-120 systolic, 60-80 diastolic
Prehypertension- 120-140 systolic, 80-90 diastolic
High Stage 1- 140-160 systolic, 90-100 diastolic
High Stage 2- 160-180+ systolic, 100-120+ diastolic

Question 20

Blood vessels (Veins, Arteries and Capillaries)

Answer 20

Artery- From the Heart, lumen structured
Veins- transport deoxygenated, valve structured
Capillaries- tiniest blood vessels of the body, transfer oxygenated and deoxygenated.

Question 21

Cardiovascular System

Answer 21

Semilunar valves, Right Atrium, Tricuspid valve, Right Ventricle, Septum, Semi lunar valves, Left atrium, Bicuspid Valve, Left Ventricle.