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DIT--step 1 > Questions > Flashcards

Questions Flashcards

1
Q

1 cause of congenital malformations

A

Alcohol

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2
Q

1 common cause of congenital intellectual disability

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

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3
Q

Hyperflexible joints

arachnodactyly

aortic dissection

lens dislocation

A

Marfan syndrome

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4
Q

Hereditary nephritis

cataracts

sensorineural hearing loss

A

Alport syndrome

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5
Q

Unilateral facial drop involving the forehead

A

Bell’s palsy

CN-7

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6
Q

Ptosis

meiosis

anhydrosis

A

Horner’s syndrome

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7
Q

“Worst headache of my life”

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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8
Q

Lucid interval following had trauma

A

Epidural hematoma

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9
Q

Bloody CSF on LP

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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10
Q

1 cause of subdural hematoma

A

Bridging veins

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11
Q

1 cause of epidural hematoma

A

Middle meningeal artery

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12
Q

Treatment of absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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13
Q

Treatment for tonic-clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin

valproate

carbamazepine

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14
Q

Amyloid deposits in the gray matter

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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15
Q

Drooling farmer

A

Organophosphate poisoning

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16
Q

Medical treatment for pheochromocytoma

A

Alpha – antagonists

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17
Q

Selective Alpha1- antagonist for BPH

A

Tamsulosin

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18
Q

Continuous machinery-like heart murmur

A

PDA

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19
Q

Boot shaped heart

A

Tetralogy of Fallot - (kids)

RHV - (adults)

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20
Q

Rib notching

A

Aortic coarctation

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21
Q

1 congenital cardiac anomaly

A

VSD

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22
Q

1 congenital cause of early cyanosis

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

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23
Q

Bounding pulses

head-bobbing

diastolic murmur

A

Aortic regurgitation

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24
Q

Bone enlargement

bone pain

arthritis

A

Paget’s disease of the bone

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25
Q

Vertebral compression fractures

A

Osteoporosis

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26
Q

Positive anterior drawer sign

A

ACL tear

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27
Q

Swollen, hard, painful finger joins

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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28
Q

Cartilage erosion with polished bones beneath (Eburnation)

A

Osteoarthritis

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29
Q

Swollen, red, acutely painful great toe joint

A

Gout

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30
Q

Positively birefringent rhomboid–shaped crystals

A

Pseudogout

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31
Q

Negatively birefringent needle–shaped crystals

A

Gout

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32
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

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33
Q

HLA – B27

A

Seronegative spondylarthropathies

34
Q

Anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA antibodies

A

Lupus

35
Q

Anti-histone antibodies

A

CREST syndrome

36
Q

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

A

Difffuse systemic scleroderma

37
Q

Anti-Jo-1 antibodies

A

Polymyositis

38
Q

Trisomy 18 (Edwards)

A

Sjogrens

39
Q

Facial rash and Raynauds phenomenon in a young woman

A

Lupus

40
Q

Arthritis

dry mouth

dry eyes

A

Sjogrens

41
Q

Most common cause of death in SLE

A

Lupus nephropathy/nephritis

42
Q

Keratin pearls on skin biopsy

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

43
Q

Most common malignant skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma

44
Q

Most common cancer in men

A

Prostate cancer

45
Q

Most common cause of urinary obstruction in men

A

BPH

46
Q

Most common treatment for ED

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor or (sildenafil)

47
Q

Dysplastic cervical cells within largest, dark nuclei

A

Koilocytes

48
Q

DES exposure in utero

A

Clear-cell adenocarcinoma of vagina

49
Q

Chocolate cyst of the ovary

A

Endometriosis

50
Q

Most common tumor in females

A

Leiomyoma

51
Q

Most common GYN cancer in the US

A

Endometrial cancer

52
Q

Most common GYN cancer in the world

A

Cervical cancer

53
Q

Most common benign ovarian tumor

A

Serous cystadenoma

54
Q

Most common malignant ovarian tumor

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

55
Q

Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

A

Call-exner body (theca-granulosa tumor)

56
Q

1 genetic causes of intellectual disability

A

Down syndrome

57
Q

2 genetic cause of intellectual disability

A

Fragile X syndrome

58
Q

Horseshoe kidney

congenital heart defects

streak ovaries

cystic hygroma

A

Turner syndrome (45XO)

59
Q

Rocker-bottom feet

clenched hands

microcephaly with prominent occiput

small jaw

A

Edward’s syndrome (trisomy 18)

60
Q

1 cancer in females in US

A

Breast cancer

61
Q

1 benign breast tumor

A

Fibroadenoma

62
Q

1 benign malignant tumor

A

Invasive ductal carcinoma

63
Q

Blue dome cyst in the breast

A

Non-proliferative fibrocystic change

64
Q

Treatment for ER(+) breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

65
Q

Red, itchy, swollen rash on the areola/nipple

A

Paget disease of the breast

66
Q

Branching, filamentous Gram (+) rods with sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israelii

67
Q

Food poisoning due to exotoxin

A

Staph aureus

Bacillus cereus

68
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease

A

Salmonella

69
Q

1 medication for UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

70
Q

1 bacterial in a patient with struvite kidney stones

A

Proteus (the Staph)

71
Q

Standard treatment for Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

72
Q

Cellulitis from a dog or cat bite

A

Pasteurella multocida

73
Q

A non-painful, indurated, ulcerated genital lesions

A

Primary syphilis

74
Q

Moist, smooth, flat, white genital lesion

A

Condylomata lata secondary syphilis

75
Q

Large bull’s-eye rash

A

Erythema migrans of lyme disease

76
Q

Calcified granuloma in the lung + hilar lymphadenopathy

A

Ghon complex

77
Q

Back pain

weight loss

fever

night sweats

A

Pott’s disease

78
Q

Standard treatment for TB

A

Rifampin

INH

Pyrazinamide

Ethambutol

79
Q

Eczema

recurrent cold abscesses

high serum IgE

A

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome

80
Q

Large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes

A

Chediak-Higashi

81
Q

1 cause of neural tube defect

A

Decreased folate

DIT--step 1 (2 decks)

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