Questions 2 Flashcards
lincoff’s rules (4)
- ST or SN RDs primary breaks are within 1:30 clock hours of highest border
- total or superior RDs crossing 12 oclock. break is at 12 oclock or in a triangle
- inferior RDs higher side of RD indicates side of optic disc primary break is one
- inferior bullous RDs. break is superior.
Alstrom syndrome. ocular manifestation and systemic
dilated cardiomyopathy
cone rod dystrophy
congenital ectropion uveae is associated with what condition
NF, Rieger syndrome
what is harada ito procedure?
advancement of superior oblique tendon’s anterior fibers to strengthen it. increases torsion without significant ipsilateral hypertropia.
monocular oscillopsia. cause. treatment.
caused by superior oblique myokymia. terat with phenytoin, topical timolol, carbamazepine.
ophthalmodynamometry. what is it?
used to measure retinal artery pressure. can distinguish CRVO from ocular ischemic syndrome.
fluorophotometry. what is it
measures aqueous humor formation.
I:S ratio in keratocnus
> 1.4
treatment for hydrops
hypertonic saline, patching, cycloplegia, aq suppressants
gas in AC (pneumatic decemetopexy)
CMV response to antivirals is gauged by what
how big the size is and how much activity there is at the edge of the lesion
three most likely broad etiologies for color loss?
macular dz, parietal lobe dz, optic neuropathy
RPE abnormalities in AMD?
geographic atrophy, non geographic atrophy, and focal hyperpigmentation
causes of leukocoria?
Rb, congenital cataract, coat’s disease, retinal detachment, PHPV, coloboma, ROP, toxocariasis
what are three ways of measuring corneal power on topography?
- axial curvature: takse a Sagitta cut through line of site. better at estimation of central K
- instantaneous radius of curvature- takes just one point. better at peripheral estimation
- mean curvature-this uses best fit sphere method. also better for peripheral K
SAC TIP (sagittal axial central; tangential instantaneous peripheral)
according to ONTT, what appearance of the optic nerve is associated with least likelihood of MS?
very edematous with hemorrhages.
what gauge needles do you use for AC tap vs vitreous tap?
30 gauge for AC
25 gauge for vitreous
What medicine can you use to cause miosis in scotopic conditions? why is this useful
brimonidine can be used to cause miosis in apodized multifocal IOLs or s/p LASIK to decrease scotopic glare
endogenous fungal Endophthalmitis. risk factors without overt known fungemia??
recent GI surgery, prolonged indwelling catheters
How do you treat endogenous fungal endophthalmitis without systemic infection?
oral fluconazole or voriconazole if retinal alone.
vitrectomy with intravitreoal vori or ampho
what is the 5 year risk of contralateral involvement in GCA?
54-95%
what’s the 5 year risk of contralateral involvement of NAION?
15%
what’s the indication for phakic IOLs?
young patients who cannot undergo corneal refractive surgery and desire to be spectacle free
posterior chamber depth for phakic IOLs?
250-750 microns. 1.0 +/- 1.00 corneal thickness.
this allows the lens to be vaulted to prevent pupillary block, iris chaffing, and anterior capsular cataract.
most common cause of endogenous endophthalmitis in Asia?
klebsiella liver abscess