Questions Flashcards
Why are nucleotides such important molecules
they supply energy in the form of ATP and are involved in inheritance as it codes for RNA and DNA
describe the structure of a nucleotide
it is made up of 3 parts:
- a 5-carbon pentose sugar
- a phosphate group
- a nitrogenous base
what type of reaction joins the components of a nucleotide
condensation reaction
how does deoxyribose differ from ribose
deoxyribose has 1 less oxygen atom than ribose
Distinguish between a purine base and a pyrimidine base and give examples of each
Purine has 2 nitrogen-containing rings e.g. Adenine
Pyrimidine has 1 nitrogen-containing rings e.g. Cytosine
What type of molecule is ATP
nucleotide
describe the structure of ATP
It is made up of:
- an adenine base
- the pentose sugar ribose
- 3 phosphate groups
ATP is regarded as the universal energy supply molecule. Why is this and how does its structure relate to its role in cells
ATP has the same structure in all cells, meaning it can be transferred between cells
How is energy derived from ATP
the phosphodiester bond of the 3rd phosphate group is broken off by hydrolyses
which molecule is formed when energy is released from ATP
ADP
what type of reactions is involved in the breakdown od ATP
hydrolysis
name the enzyme that catalyses the formation and breakdown of ATP
ATPase
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
2 scientists are given credit for discovering the structure of DNA. What are the names of those 2 scientists
James Watson & Francis Crick
What shape did Watson and Crick determine the DNA molecule to be
3D double helix
