questions Flashcards
first line management BPH
- alpha-1 antagonists e.g. tamsulosin, alfuzosin
presentation triad HUS
- AKI
- MAHA
- thrombocytopenia
most common cause HUS
- ecoli
first, second and third line treatment uti
- trimethoprim
- nitrofurantoin
- cefalexin
management bone disease in CKD
- reduce dietary intake phosphate
- vit D e.g. calcitriol
- phosphate binders
what is type 1 RTA
- inability to secrete hydrogen ions in distal tubule
- causes hypokalaemia
- causes renal stones
what is type 2 RTA
- decreased reabsorption HCO3- in PCT
- causes hypokalaemia
what is type 4 RTA
- reduction in aldosterone leads to reduced proximal tubular ammonium secretion
- causes hyperkalaemia
which diuretic is used in ascites
spironolactone
which diuretic is used in ascites
spironolactone
Side-effects of thyroxine therapy
hyperthyroidism: due to over treatment
reduced bone mineral density
worsening of angina
atrial fibrillation
presentation anti-GBM disease/goodpastures
haemoptysis, AKI, haematuria, and proteinuria
analgesia used in kidney stones
IM diclofenac
management stage 1 AKI
- fluid challenge to restore renal perfusion
causes of bilateral enlarged kidneys on ultrasound
ADPKD
diabetic nephropathy
amyloidosis
HIV-associated nephropathy