questions Flashcards
first line management BPH
- alpha-1 antagonists e.g. tamsulosin, alfuzosin
presentation triad HUS
- AKI
- MAHA
- thrombocytopenia
most common cause HUS
- ecoli
first, second and third line treatment uti
- trimethoprim
- nitrofurantoin
- cefalexin
management bone disease in CKD
- reduce dietary intake phosphate
- vit D e.g. calcitriol
- phosphate binders
what is type 1 RTA
- inability to secrete hydrogen ions in distal tubule
- causes hypokalaemia
- causes renal stones
what is type 2 RTA
- decreased reabsorption HCO3- in PCT
- causes hypokalaemia
what is type 4 RTA
- reduction in aldosterone leads to reduced proximal tubular ammonium secretion
- causes hyperkalaemia
which diuretic is used in ascites
spironolactone
which diuretic is used in ascites
spironolactone
Side-effects of thyroxine therapy
hyperthyroidism: due to over treatment
reduced bone mineral density
worsening of angina
atrial fibrillation
presentation anti-GBM disease/goodpastures
haemoptysis, AKI, haematuria, and proteinuria
analgesia used in kidney stones
IM diclofenac
management stage 1 AKI
- fluid challenge to restore renal perfusion
causes of bilateral enlarged kidneys on ultrasound
ADPKD
diabetic nephropathy
amyloidosis
HIV-associated nephropathy
causes of bilaterally shrunken kidneys
CKD (most cause)
glomerulonephritis
hypertension induced nephropathy
bilateral renal artery stenosis
management autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
tolvaptan
Can’t give trimethoprim if pt on which other medication (and why)
Methotrexate- affects folic acid production
