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Inman RD Exam Domain 1 > Questions 111-220 > Flashcards

Questions 111-220 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following substitutions will most decrease the sodium content of a biscuit?

I - low sodium milk for whole milk
II - egg substitute for egg
III- low sodium baking powder for baking powder

a- I
b- I, II
c- all of the above
d- I,III

A

d- I,III

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2
Q

Which pasta contains egg?

a- noodles
b- spaghetti
c- macaroni
d- linguini

A

a- noodles

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3
Q

A patient who is iron deficient should consume ______ with a good iron source.

a- apple juice
b- orange juice
c- milk
d- cheese

A

b- orange juice

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4
Q

A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L indicates:

a- sepsis
b- dehydration
c- hypertension
d- hyperglycemia

A

b- dehydration

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5
Q

Cabbage should be cooked:

a- covered
b- in a small amount of water
c- in a large amount of water
d- covered in a small amount of water

A

c- in a large amount of water

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6
Q

To decrease sodium intake, substitute:

a- carrots for celery
b- unsalted margarine for regular margarine
c- diet margarine for regular margarine
d- carrots for pepper

A

b- unsalted margarine for regular margarine

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7
Q

Apples stored in a controlled environment would:

a- ripen quickly
b- last one to two years
c- have extended life and improved marketing quality
d- only be used as processed fruit

A

c- have extended life and improved marketing quality

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8
Q

The following oils can be winterized:

a- corn, soy, cottonseed
b- olive, corn, soy
c- cottonseed, olive
d- olive, corn

A

a- corn, soy, cottonseed

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9
Q

Which would you give to a person who is mildly hypokalemic?

a- 1 cup blueberries
b- 1 cup cranberries
c- 1/2 cup applesauce
d- 1 piece cantaloupe

A

d- 1 piece cantaloupe

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10
Q

A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L is a sign of:

a- high sodium intake
b- low sodium intake
c- hyponatremia
d- hypernatremia

A

d- hypernatremia

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11
Q

To increase potassium intake, consume a snack of:

a- cheese and crackers, plums, cranberry juice
b- a bagel, milk, and an apple
c- a grilled cheese and tomato sandwich and strawberries
d- tuna salad, a wheat roll, and cola

A

c- a grilled cheese and tomato sandwich and strawberries

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12
Q

If protein intake is doubled, which nutrient needs to be increased?

a- pyridoxine
b- folic acid
c- niacin
d- vitamin C

A

a- pyridoxine

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13
Q

Illness due to Bacillus Cereus is due to contaminated:

a- rice products and starchy foods
b- fruits
c- dairy products
d- eggs

A

a- rice products and starchy foods

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14
Q

The Cori Cycle converts:

a- glucose into galactose
b- lactate into pyruvate
c- lactic acid into glycogen
d- glycogen into glucose

A

b- lactate into pyruvate

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15
Q

Fats high in monounsaturated fatty acids include:

a- olive and canola
b- safflower and corn
c- coconut and palm
d- soy and peanut

A

a- olive and canola

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16
Q

Fats high in polyunsaturated fatty acids include:

a- olive and canola
b- safflower and corn
c- coconut and palm
d- soy and peanut

A

b- safflower and corn

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17
Q

Green beans cooked in tomato sauce turn _____ due to _____.

a- bright green; chlorophyllin
b- olive green; pheophytin
c- brown; carotenoids
d- black; anthoxanthins

A

b- olive green; pheophytin

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18
Q

If you are on a low phosphorus diet, what food should you avoid most?

a- beef
b- orange juice
c- yogurt
d- bread

A

a- beef

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19
Q

A 5 month old is dx with salmonella. What is likely the cause?

a- fruit juice
b- milk
c- table food
d- evaporated milk

A

c- table food

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20
Q

An 8 month old baby contracts botulism. What is the likely cause?

a- cereal and evaporated milk
b- cereal and honey
c- cereal and table food
d- cereal and fruit juice

A

b- cereal and honey

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21
Q

Which is the best source of emulsification?

a- eggs
b- milk
c- salt
d- flour

A

a- eggs

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22
Q

The kidneys respond to respiratory acidosis by:

a- increasing secretion of Magnesium
b- exchanging sodium for calcium
c- increasing retention of bicarbonate
d- exchanging potassium for hydrogren

A

c- increasing retention of bicarbonate

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23
Q

A serum sodium level of 150 mEq/L may be due to:

a- an increase in intake of sodium rich foods
b- decreased steroid formation
c- an increased level of aldosterone
d- a decrease in intake of sodium-rich foods

A

c- an increased level of aldosterone

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24
Q

Green peas held on the serving line may turn olive green due to:

a- pheophytin
b- chlorophyllin
c- anthoxanthins
d- flavones

A

a- pheophytin

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25
Q

In cereal production, enrichment adds:

a- vit A
b- vit D
c- iron
d- iodine

A

c- iron

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26
Q

Cured meat is pink due to:

a- sugar
b- salt
c- vinegar
d- nitrites

A

d- nitrites

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27
Q

A serum sodium level of 115 mEq/L may be due to:

a- overhydration
b- dehydration
c- very high sodium intake
d- sodium intake of 5.5g per day

A

a- overhydration

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28
Q

Butter has fatty acids in this order of predominance:

a- PUFA MUFA SAT
b- SAT MUFA PUFA
c- MUFA SAT PUFA
d- MUFA PUFA SAT

A

b- SAT MUFA PUFA

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29
Q

Margarine has fatty acids in this order of predominance:

a- PUFA MUFA SAT
b- SAT MUFA PUFA
c- MUFA SAT PUFA
d- MUFA PUFA SAT

A

a- PUFA MUFA SAT

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30
Q

Lactic acid is produced by:

a- glycolysis
b- gluconeogenesis
c- glycogenesis
d- lactolysis

A

a- glycolysis

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31
Q

Which of the following amino acids is a precursor for serotonin?

a- phenylalanine
b- methionine
c- tryptophan
d- tyrosine

A

c- tryptophan

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32
Q

When on Dicumarol, avoid increasing intake of:

a- spinach
b- beets
c- corn
d- beef

A

a- spinach

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33
Q

Food was held at 70F for a long time in anaerobic conditions. Eight hours after eating it you became ill. What is the culprit?

a- salmonella
b- staphylococcus
c- clostridium perfringens
d- campylobacter jejuni

A

c- clostridium perfringens

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34
Q

Energy expenditure of humans can be measured by:

a- heat intake
b- food intake
c- nitrogen output
d- oxygen consumption

A

d- oxygen consumption

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35
Q

Gastric proteolysis requires:

a- pyridoxine
b- ascorbic acid
c- hydrochloric acid
d- intrinsic factor

A

c- hydrochloric acid

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36
Q

Patients with early signs of xerophthalmia should consume?

a- chicken, fish, summer squash
b- liver, milk, eggs
c- oatmeal, almonds, berries
d- high fiber cereals, salad greens

A

b- liver, milk, eggs

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37
Q

Sorbitol is:

a- less sweet than sucrose, lower GI than sucrose
b- less sweet than sucrose, higher GI than sucrose
c- sweeter than sucrose
d- sweeter than sucrose, higher GI than sucrose

A

a- less sweet than sucrose, lower GI than sucrose

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38
Q

Which mineral is absorbed through the intestine and transported with ceruloplasmin in the blood?

a- copper
b- iodine
c- pyridoxine
d- calcium

A

a- copper

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39
Q

The Schilling test detects defects in the absorption of:

a- folic acid
b- cyanocobalamin
c- pyridoxine
d- iron

A

b- cyanocobalamin

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40
Q

Which of the following should be avoided on a low sodium diet?

a- pork loin
b- turkey roll
c- beef sirloin
d- lamb chop

A

b- turkey roll

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41
Q

What is the effect of excess caffeine intake?

a- insomnia
b- nausea
c- bloating
d- weight gain

A

a- insomnia

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42
Q

The toxic level of vitamin A has been identified as:

a- 5000 IU
b- 10000 IU
c- 15000 IU
d- 20000 IU

A

b- 10000 IU

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43
Q

The best way to prevent the spread of food borne illness is to:

a- wash hands regularly
b- cook all foods thoroughly
c- purchase food from trusted vendors
d- prepare food shortly before serving

A

a- wash hands regularly

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44
Q

The amino acid tryptophan can be converted into:

a- serotonin
b- catecholamines
c- phenylalanine
d- tyrosine

A

a- serotonin

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45
Q

A muffin has long tunnels from top to bottom. Next time you make this recipe you should:

a- add more baking soda
b- avoid over mixing batter
c- add less butter
d- cook for shorter time

A

b- avoid over mixing batter

46
Q

Prevention of an outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes requires special care because:

a- it is insensitive to light
b- it is sensitive to low temperatures
c- it can grow at 34-113F
d- it can grow at 140-160F

A

c- it can grow at 34-113F

47
Q

Phenylalanine is a precursor for:

a- serotonin
b- catecholamines
c- tryptophan
d- tyrosine

A

d- tyrosine

48
Q

A cutting board was used to cut up raw chicken. It was then used to cut up raw vegetables. Guests eating the meal became ill most likely from:

a- Clostridium botulinum
b- Clostridium perfringens
c- Salmonella
d- Streptococcus

A

c- Salmonella

49
Q

Decreased levels of serotonin are associated with:

a- decrease in carbohydrate appetite
b- increase in carbohydrate appetite
c- decreased sensation of taste
d- increased sensation of taste

A

b- increase in carbohydrate appetite

50
Q

Carbohydrate, fat, and protein are all converted into:

a- pyruvic acid
b- acetyl CoA
c- oxaloacetic acid
d- ketoflutamic acid

A

b- acetyl CoA

51
Q

If energy needs increase, which vitamins are needed in higher amounts?

a- A, C, folate
b- A,C, thiamin
c- thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid
d- pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin

A

c- thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, pantothenic acid

52
Q

How many mEq of sodium are in 1 gram of sodium?

a- 25
b- 43
c- 65
d- 110

A

b- 43

53
Q

How can you preserve thiamin when cooking pork?

a- use drippings after fat removed
b- insert a meat thermometer and cook to 160F in 325F oven
c- increase cooking temp to lessen cooking time
d- add a small quantity of water during cooking

A

b- insert a meat thermometer and cook to 160F in 325F oven

54
Q

A good source of vitamin A for preschool children would be:

a- grapes
b- watermelon
c- cantaloupe pieces
d- banana

A

c- cantaloupe pieces

55
Q

Which amino acid is especially glucogenic?

a- alanine
b- threonine
c- valine
d- methionine

A

a- alanine

56
Q

If carbohydrate intake is increased, which vitamin needs to be increased?

a- thiamin
b- niacin
c- riboflavin
d- pyridoxine

A

a- thiamin

57
Q

The rate of oxidation of which branched chain amino acid increases significantly during moderate exercise?

a- leucine
b- phenylalanine
c- tyrosine
d- threonine

A

a- leucine

58
Q

What should you do with leftover sliced beef from lunch?

a- throw it out
b- let meat cool at room temp and serve within 2 days
c- refrigerate immediately and serve within 2 days
d- keep it in warmer until dinner time

A

c- refrigerate immediately and serve within 2 days

59
Q

A food is bacteria safe if it is:

a- neutral and moist
b- neutral and dry
c- acidic and dry
d- acidic and moist

A

c- acidic and dry

60
Q

French fries made from stored potatoes would have changes in
I - taste
II - appearance
III- texture

a- I, II, III
b- II, III
c- I
d- I, III

A

a- I, II, III

61
Q

What percent of protein and fat convert to glucose?

a- 58% pro, 10% fat
b- 10% pro, 60% fat
c- 30% pro, 30% fat
d- 20% pro, 40% fat

A

a- 58% pro, 10% fat

62
Q

Excess amounts of zinc may lead to deficiency of:

a- copper
b- magnesium
c- iron
d- cobalt

A

a- copper

63
Q

When adding bran to a flour mixture, what should be changed?

a- baking temp
b- increase fat and liquid
c- increase oxidizing agent
d- increase flour and liquid

A

d- increase flour and liquid

64
Q

Glycerol, amino acids, and free fatty acids will have what effect on the hypothalamus gland?

a- increase satiety
b- decrease satiety
c- increased activity level
d- increased lethargy

A

b- decrease satiety

65
Q

Which of the following is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas?

a- pepsin
b- amylase
c- lactase
d- maltase

A

b- amylase

66
Q

Clostridium perfringens is often found in:

a- meat and gravied mixtures in large quantities
b- fresh fruits and vegetables
c- dairy mixtures
d- uncured cheeses

A

a- meat and gravied mixtures in large quantities

67
Q

Salmonella sources are often:

a- reheated foods
b- starchy foods and mixtures (casserole)
c- cooled slowly and reheated foods
d- raw produce and uncooked foods of animal origin

A

d- raw produce and uncooked foods of animal origin

68
Q

What must be fortified with folic acid?

a- skim milk
b- cornmeal
c- orange juice
d- canned vegetables

A

b- cornmeal

69
Q

Pie crust is moist the day after cooking. Why?

a- overcooking of crust
b- retrogradation of filling
c- too much egg in recipe
d- inadequate flour

A

b- retrogradation of filling

70
Q

What is the main purpose of water in the body?

a- acts as medium for cell metabolism
b- helps transport calcium through cell membranes
c- maintains electrolyte balance
d- maintain body temperature

A

a- acts as medium for cell metabolism

71
Q

What is fluid seeping from a congealed product called?

a- retrogradation
b- syneresis
c- coagulation
d- gelatinization

A

b- syneresis

72
Q

Which of the following is a common cause of salmonella in a salad bar?

a- fresh fruit
b- egg salad
c- lettuce and tomato
d- pickles

A

b- egg salad

73
Q

Which food-borne pathogen would most likely contaminate cooked rice or pasta in open pans at room temperature?

a- clostridium perfringens
b- bacillus cereus
c- stapylococcus, bacillus cereus
d- campylobacter jejuni, bacillus cereus

A

b- bacillus cereus

74
Q

Frozen chicken has been thawed in warm water. You should:

a- prepare it immediately
b- discard it
c- refreeze it
d- refrigerate it

A

b- discard it

75
Q

When substituting butter for lard in pastry:

a- use the same amount
b- use less
c- use more
d- use less and decrease water content

A

c- use more

76
Q

The purpose of an emulsifier in margarine is to:

a- keep water and fat from separating
b- keep water and fat separated
c- sustain the natural flavor of ingredients
d- retain color

A

a- keep water and fat from separating

77
Q

Which of the following must be reduced to simpler components before it can be transported across epithelial cells of the intestine?

a- dipeptides
b- whey
c- casein hydrolysate
d- crystalline amino acids

A

b- whey

78
Q

Adding bran to a recipe will:

a- increase volume
b- decrease volume
c- require an increase in oven temp
d- require a decrease in oven temp

A

b- decrease volume

79
Q

An angel food cake is made without cream of tartar. What is the result?

a- yellowy cake
b- bright white cake
c- cake with large volume
d- tender cake

A

a- yellowy cake

80
Q

All baking powders contain:

a- sodium bicarbonate
b- tartrate
c- phosphate
d- acetate

A

a- sodium bicarbonate

81
Q

Beef bottom round should be cooked:

a- at high temp for short time
b- in water for extended time
c- in dry heat
d- in moist heat for short time

A

b- in water for extended time

82
Q

Which of the following combines with CoA in two carbon fragments to make acetyl CoA to enter Krebs cycle to make energy?

a- lactic acid
b- fatty acids
c- glucose
d- fructose

A

b- fatty acids

83
Q

What is the best way to cook a roast?

a- sear meat first, roast at 400F
b- cook slowly in oven at 325F
c- cook at 400F for 10 min then 350F
d- brown the meat, then cook at 350F

A

b- cook slowly in oven at 325F

84
Q

A #10 can holds how many cups?

a- 10
b- 11
c- 13
d- 15

A

c- 13

85
Q

Which of the following has the most bacteria?

a- roast chicken
b- ground beef
c- roast veal
d- roast pork

A

b- ground beef

86
Q

What is the product of pyruvate breakdown?

a- acetyl CoA
b- glycogen
c- NADPH
d- g-6-p

A

a- acetyl CoA

87
Q

Which of the following is true?

a- fructose has sucrose
b- fructose is less concentrated than glucose
c- fructose takes longer to digest than glucose
d- fructose is sweeter than glucose

A

d- fructose is sweeter than glucose

88
Q

Which of the following is correct?

a- glucose is less sweet than sucrose
b- lactose is sweeter than glucose
c- glucose is sweeter than fructose
d- lactose is sweeter than fructose

A

a- glucose is less sweet than sucrose

89
Q

Which of the following is a grade for fresh produce?

a- US Select
b- US Grade A
c- US No. 1
d- US Standard

A

c- US No. 1

90
Q

Which is most likely to be a cause of salmonella?

a- fresh fruit salad
b- canned fruit salad
c- caesar salad
d- avocado salad

A

c- caesar salad

91
Q

What gives the structure to quick breads?

a- flour and milk
b- flour and water
c- egg and flour
d- egg

A

c- egg and flour

92
Q

When taking an anticoagulant, avoid the following:

a- thiamin supplements
b- vit E supplements above 400IU/day
c- supplements of calcium and Vit D
d- niacin supplements

A

b- vit E supplements above 400IU/day

93
Q

What is a function of cream of tartar in a recipe?

a- prevents Maillard reaction
b- enhances Maillard reaction
c- increases alkalinity allowing for better leavening
d- enhances gelation

A

a- prevents Maillard reaction

94
Q

The flour with the most starch is:

a- cake
b- whole wheat
c- instantized
d- durum

A

a- cake

95
Q

Salmonella contamination in a foodservice can be best controlled by focusing on:

a- meat delivery procedures
b- sanitizing the meat slicer
c- serving less meat
d- meat storage procedures

A

b- sanitizing the meat slicer

96
Q

Homemade rolls are crumbly and fall apart easily. The most likely cause of poor texture in the yeast bread is:

a- high protein flour
b- low protein flour
c- insufficient proofing time
d- excess proofing time

A

b- low protein flour

97
Q

According to Chinese beliefs, food and herbs that may be used to treat illness are grouped as:

a- yin (bright hot), yang (dark cold)
b- yin (dark cold), yang (bright hot)
c- action, maintenance
d- harmful, beneficial

A

b- yin (dark cold), yang (bright hot)

98
Q

A commercial muffin mix is described as a “rich formula”, which means it contains:

a- high proportions of sugar and shortening
b- high fructose corn syrup instead of crystalline sugar
c- high amounts of whey instead of nonfat dry milk solids
d- more chemical leavening than is used in a “lean formula”

A

a- high proportions of sugar and shortening

99
Q

The greatest effect on the yield of meat cooked to a uniform internal temperature is produced by the :

a- type of oven and source of heat
b- weight of meat and oven load
c- degree of tempering and grade of meat
d- cooking time and oven temp

A

d- cooking time and oven temp

100
Q

The most likely source of Clostridium perfringens is:

a- egg
b- meat
c- fruit
d- vegetable

A

b- meat

101
Q

Which of the following will stabilize the egg in a recipe?

a- a base
b- an acid
c- sugar
d- salt

A

b- an acid

102
Q

A natural plant hormone that is used to ripen fruits is:

a- methanol
b- ethylene
c- acetyl acid
d- ethanol

A

b- ethylene

103
Q

Aseptically packaged milk should be stored:

a- dry storage
b- refrigerator
c- freezer
d- below 40F

A

a- dry storage

104
Q

Which of the following has slow onset and is anaerobic?

a- staphylococcus aureus
b- clostridium perfringens
c- clositridium botulinum
d- salmonella

A

c- clositridium botulinum

105
Q

A frozen meal contains steak, mashed potatoes, BHA, BHT, and TVP. The TVP is used to:

a- add color
b- improve taste
c- retain water and add protein
d- act as an emulsifier

A

c- retain water and add protein

106
Q

If broccoli in a vegetable mixture turns olive green during holding, it may be due to:

a- lemon juice
b- baking soda
c- salt
d- sugar

A

a- lemon juice

107
Q

In the alanine cycle, alanine is released from muscle, taken up by the liver, and:

a- excreted in urine
b- deaminated to release glucose
c- converted into adipose
d- oxidized into Nitric acid

A

b- deaminated to release glucose

108
Q

In the Cori Cycle, lactate is converted into:

a- ribose
b- NADPH
c- pyruvate
d- acetyl CoA

A

c- pyruvate

109
Q

Normal saline has ______ mEq/L sodium.

a- 154
b- 100
c- 50
d- 200

A

a- 154

110
Q

An amylase deficiency would result in:

a- decreased gluconeogenesis
b- decreased lipolysis
c- decreased glycolysis
d- decreased proteolysis

A

c- decreased glycolysis

Inman RD Exam Domain 1 (3 decks)

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