Questionaires Flashcards
Ability:
measured via Intelligence tests
all items should measure attitudes
Name an attitude measure:
Likert scales
-number of items we use to create an attitudinal measure
by presenting a statement with a semantic scale
Measure particular beliefs toward something (e.g. work)
I am satisfied with the work I do.
Strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly agree
Individual differences
Psychological traits or characteristics
eg. five factor model
Ethics/ morals:
Tests should avoid…
Tests should avoid cultural biases
Need to ensure that the measures being used are reliable and valid. Equal opportunities and cultural biases.
Developing / creating a questionaire:
What key things should be included?
Question formats
Writing your questions
Clarity of questions
Avoid leading questions
Reverse wording
Response formats
Clear instructions
Name the 2 types of questional formats:
Open vs. closed format questions
What asks for some written detail, but has no determined set of responses, e.g.,
“Tell us about the occasions when you have been academically vindictive.”?
Open format questions
What are short questions or statements followed by a number of options?
Indicate the extent you disagree or agree with the following statement, as it applies to you.
I feel bitter towards those who do better than me on my course.
Strongly disagree Disagree Not certain Agree Strongly agree
Closed format questions
What 3 things can help writing with questionaires?
Theoretical literature: Ideas that appear in the theoretical literature should be used as a basis. Engage with literature.
Experts: Recruit experts in the area to suggest items.
Colleagues: Can help you generate more items.
Make sure to clarify each question
by removing ambiguity (unknown)
“If I had the opportunity, resources and ability to change other students’ exam grades so that mine was the best, I would do it.”
Problem:
Respondents may concentrate on opportunity, resources, and ability to different extents.
Solution - remove ambiguity:
“If I had the opportunity to change other students’ exam grades so that mine was the best, I would do it.”
What type of questions should you avoid when making a questionaire?
Avoid leading questions
“In the past I have falsely told other students the wrong exam date, but only when they were too lazy to find out themselves, and only when I was in a bad mood, so they would miss the exam”.
Problem:
Leads the respondent in a particular direction by potentially excusing the behaviour.
Solution:
“In the past I have falsely told other students the wrong exam date, so they would miss the exam.”
Reverse wording:
as a researcher you should spot 2 answers as opposited meaning the same thing via analysing answers
“I feel bitter towards those who do better than me on my course”.
Strongly Disagree Disagree Not certain Agree Strongly Agree
“If I came second best in a piece of work, because my friend got the top mark, I would still be happy”.
Strongly Disagree Disagree Not certain Agree Strongly Agree
Which type of scale is this?
Eysenck personality questionnaire:
(1) Does your mood often go up and down?
Yes No
(2) Do you often feel ‘fed-up’?
Yes No
(3) Do you suffer from nerves?
Yes No
Dichotomous scales (yes/no, true/false):
Which scale is this?
(1) I feel unsure of myself.
Not at all like me Very much like me 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Dispositional embarrassment
Numerical scale
Which scale is this?
Frequency of behaviour
(1) I get upset and let my emotions out.
I usually don’t do this at all
I usually do this a little bit
I usually do this a medium amount
I usually do this a lot
COPE Scale
