question types Flashcards
weaken question stems
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?
Which of the following if true most undermines the argument?
weaken strategies
find loophole (typically powerful answer choice)
strengthen question stems
Which of the following, if true, most helps to strengthen the argument?
Which of the following principles if valid, most strongly supports the reasoning above
which of the following principles if valid, most helps to justify the reasoning in the argument?
strengthen strategies
plug the loophole (powerful answer)
sufficient assumption question stems
The conclusion drawn above follows logically if which of the following is assumed?
sufficient assumption strategy
go overboard filling the gap exposed by loophole until conclusion is 100% true (powerful)
counter question stems
Which of the following if true, is the stronger counter X can make to Y’s objection
Which one of the following if true, would provide X with the strongest counter to Y’s response
counter strategy
make sure to identify the controversy between speakers
look for most powerful thing first speaker could say to destroy second speaker argument
pretend your first speaker and attack loophole in the second speaker argument (powerful)
Contradiction question stems
Except questions
if the statement above are true then on the bias of them which one of the following cannot be true
The information above if accurate can best be used as evidence against which of the following hypotheses
contradiction strategies
dont fall for crazy nonsense answers as they dont violate the stimulus
use except rule (treat it as which could support and cross out all the answers that work)
contradict literal words from the stimulus (powerful)
evaluate question stems
Which of the following would be most helpful to know in order to judge whether what the scientist subsequently learned calls into question the hypothesis?
Which of the following would be most helpful in determining…
which of the following is most relevant…
evaluate strategies
the correct answer to an evaluate question will ask whether the loophole is active
loophole exposes crux of argument validity (powerful)
resolution question stem
which of the following if rue does most explain the surprising result
which of the following if true most helps resolve the apparent discrepancy above
resolves the paradox
resolves the apparent conflict
resolution strategies
does it make the paradox make sense (powerful)
conclusion question stem
which of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the argument
conclusion strategies
bracket premises and conclusion for CLIR (provable)
inference question stem
if the statement above is true which of the following must also be true
which of the following logically follows
which of the following can be properly concluded
which of the following can be properly inferred
inference strategies
right answer is 100% true typically a necessary assumption
CLIR inference
premises that dont contradict each other with no conclusion (provable)
Most strongly supported strategies
does this pretty much have to be true
answer is an inference
provable
fill in question stems
blank at end
completes
fill in strategies
inference
provable
completes the authors thought
contraversy strategies
CLIR–> contraversy is the right answer what they are both talking about
does the first speaker have to believe this is true/false and does the second speaker disagree
provable
agreement stratgies
eliminate any answer resembling the controversy
find something you can infer both speakers believe is true
does each speaker HAVE to believe this
provable
necessary assumption question stem
“assumption” in the question stem
necessary assumption strategies
you have a loophole
negate your loophole and it is a necessary assumption
if the conclusion is true does this have to be true (provable)
method question steams
describes how the argument proceeds
accurately describes X strategy of argumentation
the relationship of X’s response to Y’s argument is that X’s response
X responds to Y’s argument by
method strategies
you have a loophole or controversy –> so you know what happened
answer is what happened in fancy words
provable
argument part question stems
role in the argument
function in the argument
argument park
the reference to/statement that
quoting phrase form stimulus
argument part strategies
bracket phrase they mention
CLIR premsise and conclusion braketed
what is the phrase doing
flaws
find loophole
