Question Pack 1

Question 1

Na+ reabsorption is of utmost importance to the function of the ____.

Answer 1

Loop of Henle

Question 2

Does the sodium pump directly cause action potentials.

Answer 2

While some Na+ movement does occur down the length of the axon during the action potential (it occurs in the nodes of Ranvier, which are unmyelinated), this movement does not depend on the sodium pump nor does it cause action potentials

Question 3

Somatic Cells

Answer 3

Any Cell that is not a reproductive cells

Question 4

Germ Cells

Answer 4

Reproductive (sex) cells

Question 5

leukocytes gravitate towards ____.

Answer 5

inflammation

Question 6

Inflammation (Define)

Answer 6

your body’s process of fighting against things that harm it, such as infections, injuries, and toxins, in an attempt to heal itself

Question 7

The most effective method for producing an increase in the total amount of water lost through the skin during a certain period would be

Answer 7

Raising temperature

Question 8

What recombinant processes depends on the F factor plasmid?

Answer 8

Conjugation

Question 9

Inflation of the lungs in mammals is accomplished by

Answer 9

Negative Pumping Pressure Action (a pressure that is lower than atmospheric pressure )

Question 10

Which of the following nucleotide sequences describes an antisense molecule that can hybridize with the mRNA sequence 5′-CGAUAC-3′?

Answer 10

3’gcuaug5’

Question 11

Hypoxia

Answer 11

Caused by insufficient blood hemoglobin concentration to supply oxygen for exercise at the low oxygen pressure found at high altitudes

Question 12

What characteristics clearly marks fungi as a eukaryote?

Answer 12

Mitochondria

Question 13

Is a ribosome a membrane bound organelle?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

Inbreeding can reduce the fitness of a population in the short term because it causes an increase in the:

Answer 14

Incidence of expression of deleterious recessive traits. Not spontaneous mutations

Question 15

Autosome

Answer 15

Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.

Question 16

Aldosterone stimulates Na+ reabsorption by the kidneys. What changes in blood volume and pressure would be expected as a result of aldosterone deficiency?

Answer 16

The question asks the examinee to determine the result of an aldosterone deficiency on blood volume and blood pressure, given that aldosterone stimulates Na+ reabsorption in the kidney. An aldosterone deficiency would result in lower Na+ reabsorption into the bloodstream. Because H2O passively follows Na+ during reabsorption in the kidney, less Na+ reabsorption would result in less H2O reabsorption into the bloodstream. This would result in decreased blood volume. Blood volume would also be affected by lower blood Na+ levels because there would be less of this ion to osmotically hold water in the extracellular fluid. Decreased blood volume would result in decreased blood pressure as well (D).

Question 17

The sequence of events in the human menstrual cycle involves close interaction among which organs?

Answer 17

Neither the thyroid gland nor the adrenal glands are particularly involved in the menstrual cycle. The hypothalamus exerts control over the pituitary hormones involved in menstruation by secreting hormone-releasing factors into the pituitary portal circulation. The gonadotropic hormones FSH and LH produced by the pituitary and the ovarian hormones estrogen and progesterone all have a role in regulating the human menstrual cycle. Therefore, close interaction among the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the ovary is necessary for the human menstrual cycle.

Question 18

A double-stranded DNA molecule contains bases with a ratio of (A + T)/(G + C) = 3:1. This molecule is replicated with DNA polymerase in the presence of the four deoxynucleoside triphosphates with a molar ratio of (A + T)/(G + C) = 1:1. What is the expected ratio of (A + T)/(G + C) in the double-stranded daughter DNA molecule?

Answer 18

The double stranded daughter DNA molecule would be an exact duplicate of the parent molecule. It would have the same (A + T)/(G + C) ratio. The correct answer is therefore 3:1,

Question 19

What type or class of chemical messenger traveling in the blood would most probably link the brain with the digestive tract and fat cells in the control of body weight?

Answer 19

Hormones

Question 20

Lutenizing Hormone

Answer 20

Hormone that triggers ovulation

Question 21

Vasodilation ____ blood flow.

Answer 21

Increases

Question 22

Vasoconstriction ____ blood flow.

Answer 22

decreases