Question Bank Q’s Flashcards
“Tuck under” (Mach tuck) is due to induced shock at?
When the airspeed over the wing reaches Mach 1, it creates a shock wave pushing the nose downwards.
(at the crest?)
If you were to raise flaps, in order to maintain level flight, which way would you trim the aircraft?
You would trim the aircraft nose up.
What type of trailing edge flap is attached to the bottom of the wing?
A split flap
What type of tab aids the pilot by moving in the opposite direction of the control surface?
A balance tab
How do spoilers affect drag and lift?
Spoilers induce drag and aerodynamic lift decreases.
The speeds between mach 0.8 and mach 1.2 are known as?
Transonic
The critical mach number can be increased by?
Sweptback wings, the camber and reducing the thickness of the aerofoil.
What characteristic effects the speed of sound?
Air temperature
A ‘Hi-lok’ is what sort of fastener?
It is a two part rivet.
They are usually only used to withstand shear loads (special types for tension)
What form of anodising is used in folded and riveting joints?
Chromic Acid
Cleco Clamps and their colours.
Silver = 3/32
Copper = 1/8
Black = 5/32
Brass/Yellow = 3/16
Formers and Frames carry what sort of stress in a monocoque structure?
Hoop stress.
What effect does heating the windscreen have in regards to strength?
It increases the windows impact resistance.
Internal doors carry what sort of loads?
Never pressure loads.
What should you check when inspecting a cargo door?
Drift pins
Wing bending loads are catered for by?
Spars
What is purpose of winglets?
They increase fuel efficiency by reducing aerodynamic drag and vortices.
What is a cantilever wing?
A cantilever wing is one with NO external supports.
The horizontal stabiliser gives what type of stability?
The horizontal stab gives longitudinal stability about the lateral axis.
Vertical stabiliser skin panels can be strengthened by using what sort of material?
Primary structural components of the stabs can be made from laminations such as CFRP or GFRP
What is another name for the tail section?
The empennage.
What is the purpose of aerodynamic balancing of a control surface?
It assists in moving the surface and prevents flutter.
The centre of gravity of a control surface is where?
It is forward of the hinge line.
What are “engine nacelles”?
They are the outer casing and support structure of the engine.
What structure class are engine nacelles?
Secondary
Ground air supply is connected through what duct?
Using an 8’ fitting into the bleed air manifold.
Where is the engine bleed air at its hottest temperature?
The compressor
What could be a possible cause of no cool air from a vapour cycle cooling system?
Refrigerant level is low or there is an issue with the thermal expansion valve
What regulates the speed of the ACM?
The position of the air temperature control valve
Bubbles in the sight glass of the vapour cycle cooling system means?
The refrigerant level is low.
If you are running the air conditioning at full cold on a hot day, what could over-stressing the system cause?
An ACM runaway/overspeed
As the cabin altitude increases, cabin pressure will?
Decrease.
An aircraft at 30,000ft descends to 4000ft. What effect will this have on the cabin pressure?
It will increase.
A difficult to control and fluctuating cabin pressure could mean what?
A sticky outflow valve.
During a cabin pressure check, the cabin altitude indicator will read?
How is air supplied if the coalescer bag becomes excessively contaminated?
The bypass valve opens when there is an increased pressure differential caused by clogging or freezing
What causes the cabin positive relief valve to open during flight?
Typically, to protect the structure from excessive dx, two safety relief valves provide an opening when a pressure of 8.5 ± 0.15 PSID is met
What causes the cabin negative relief valve to open during flight?
A cabin differential px of -1.0 PSID
(The CPC maintained a lower than acceptable pressure)
The cabin altitude warning is controlled by what?
A cabin pressure switch will initiate a warning between 9,000-11,000ft cabin altitude.
In relation to gyros, the angle of dip is?
Measured on the vertical plane, downward of the horizon.
The rate of procession in a gyro is?
90 degree displacement in the direction of rotation
What instrument uses the theory of square law compensation?
Airspeed indicators.
Electroluminescent displays (ELDs) brightness is controlled by?
Potentiometers or light sensors
A radiometer temperature indicator can be checked for calibration by?
Disconnecting the bulb and replacing it with a decade resistance box
What type of loads are produced by an AC generator system when load sharing?
Real and Reactive loads
When aircraft generators are selected, ground power should not?
Be supplying AC power.
What effect will constant current charging have on a Ni-cad battery?
Constant current charging takes a longer time than voltage charging but, it keep the batteries cells in a balanced condition hence, less chance of thermal runaway.
A constant speed drive speed regulator failure is detected by?
A change in the generators frequency and voltage
An IDG fault light indicates what?
Low oil pressure or high oil temperature.
How is an IDG disconnect triggered?
The IDG disc pushbutton must be pressed.
When are the emergency generators activated?
When all hydraulics fail and the RAT is deployed.
When a full load is applied to generator, how will the voltage be effected?
The voltage will reduce.
Current will increase.
A dual loop system fire warning is caused by?
Loop A fire, Loop B fault.
A thermocouple fire sensor is triggered by?
Higher temp in one thermocouple compared to the others in the system.
A false fire warning can be triggered by?
Ingress of moisture,
Faulty installation,
Chaffing
Ionising smoke detectors work on what principle?
They can detect visible & invisible smoke.
Smoke increases resistance.
When testing continuous wire fire detectors, current is passed through where?
Through the centre electrode
When carrying out a full range check of flight control, where should you move them from?
The flightdeck control column
In a fly by wire aircraft , speed brakes are deployed, No. 2 fails to deploy. What happens next?
A failure is indicated, and the opposite spoiler remains in the down position.
In a fly by wire aircraft, if both control sticks are moved in an opposite direction, what input will the aircraft react to?
Both inputs are cancelled out and an aural “dual input” warning sounds.
Feel differential pressure switch gives a warning when?
30% pressure difference for 5 seconds.
What incorrectly set flight controls trigger a takeoff warning?
Flaps.
Ailerons were 5 degrees deflected downwards on a FBW aircraft during approach, what caused this?
It is called ‘Aileron Undroop’ which raise the Ailerons like spoilers to reduce lift just the reciprocal of ‘Aileron Droop’ which droops the Ailerons down by 6 degrees when flaps are deployed increasing lift on that part of wing.
What activates automatic ground speed brakes?
Spoilers in the armed, weight on wheels and thrust reverser/ idle thrust.
On a FBW aircraft, if a spoiler fails on one side, the opposite spoiler will?
Not be deployed.
missing 65-81
What happens to the output of a constant displacement hydraulic pump when the desired pressure is reached?
A pressure regulator or unloading valve is used to unload or relieve the pump when the desired pressure is reached.
pressure reduces but volume the same
In a hydraulic system, 60psi is indicated with no pumps operating. What is the issue?
There is none. 60psi is the head of pressure.
Heat damage on a pneumatic anti-ice’d L/E slat could be caused by?
An external leak on the pneumatic bleed system.
Why are pneumatic de-icer boots coated with a conductive material?
To dissipate static build up
Where is the cowl anti-ice air supplied from?
Compressor discharge/ bleed air
Why are ice detectors heated?
If ice forms on the detector, there needs to be a way to remove it so it may detect again.
How can you clean an aircraft tyre contaminated with oil?
Water & detergent and dry post cleaning.
How do you collapse a strut for servicing?
Jack the aircraft,
release air pressure through air charging valve
compress,
check fluid,
extend & compress to remove any air from the system,
add air
If a wheel speed transducer fails, what systems will no longer be able to operate correctly?
Autobreak/ anti-skid
What would cause a landing gear shock strut to be over extended?
Too much air/ too little oil
There is excessive vibration from the nose landing gear after landing. What may be the cause?
Faulty shimmy damper or a flat spotted tyre
When does the auto-break system work?
When selected & engines at idle.
Anti-skid must be functional
If the landing gear is down and locked but, the red/amber light is still illuminated, what is the possible cause?
An out of rig position sensor (micro-switch)
Post gear swings, the green landing gear down and locked green lights are illuminated as well as the amber transit light. What could cause this fault?
The landing gear doors have not closed.
What precaution should you take when installing a strobe light?
Do not touch the bulb with bare skin and allow the capacitor to discharge before touching.
What type of lights are operated by high voltage?
Xenon flash tubes
Electro-luminescence lights are operated on what voltage?
They operate via a static inverter from an AC power source.
What position should the emergency lights switch be in when removing power from the aircraft?
Off
Why would pax oxy masks activated send a signal to the PA amplifier?
For the emergency announcements.
How would you check to see if a chemical oxygen generator has been deployed?
Heat sensitive tape
Where is the pneumatic system pre-cooler located?
Upstream of the PRSOV and fan air valve.
What does the pneumatic dehydrator unit contain?
Activated Alumina
Where does the pneumatic pressure regulating valve sense pressure from?
Both upstream and downstream in the bleed system.
Which unit offloads the compressor in order to regulate air pressure?
IGV’s/ Px regulating valve/ Bleed air valve
When using a pneumatic ground cart, what precautions should be observed?
Ensure the aircraft is supplied with electrical power.
What is the water pressure maintained at in an aircraft?
25-50psi
What is the capacity of the water heater?
1.5 litres.
What type of extinguisher is used in a lavatory?
Red Class A water
How is the toilet motor protected from overheating?
An automatically resetting thermal switch.
What are the main components of a Centralised Maintenance System (C.M.S)?
A centralised maintenance computer and printer
In relation to the CMS, what mode of operation is available when on the ground?
Interactive mode.
What function is performed by an LRU when power is first applied?
A power up BITE test.
What type of data transfer is capable through Arinc 664?
Bi-directional, full duplex switched ethernet.
What specification of avionics databus uses ethernet?
Arinc 664/AFDX
What is the maximum data transfer rate of a C.A.N bus?
(Controller Area Network)
1 MB/s
What is a servo tab? (R)
An auxiliary flight control surface.
Bulging in a lap joint could be resultant of? (R)
Corrosion.
What form of protection for aircraft skin involves washed primer? (R)
Painting
What is the purpose of fillet sealant in a fuel tank? (R)
It prevents the sealant under it from cracking from flex.
What type of coatings are used for aluminium structure on folded or riveted joints? (R)
Chromate coatings using chromic acid.
How would you strengthen a composite structure? (R)
Stringers and laminated ribs
How would you prevent flutter in a flight control surface? (R)
Move the surfaces C/G closer to the hinge line.
What does the flow control valve control? (R)
The volumetric airflow.
Where is precession at its maximum? (R)
The poles.
Electrical vibrating at a constant rate (R)
Parallel with a pair of contacts
What would happen if both B and C were shorted on a three phase system? (R)
Differential protection would cause the generator control relay and the generator power relay to trip.
What radioactive material would you find in a ionising smoke detector? (R)
Uranium
What sort of detector could you find in the flight deck? (R)
A carbon monoxide detector.
Where is the test lamp in a photoelectric detector located? (R)
Opposite of the photocell.
What should you remember to do following a flap asymmetry condition on an A320. (R)
Reset the asymmetry break unit.
Why is it important that the yaw damper is linked to the flight controls? (R)
So the yaw damper does not oppose turn commands given.
What triggers the stick pusher? (R)
A pre-determined speed above stall.
What could be the possible cause of micro-logical contamination is one compartment of a fuel tank? (R)
An inoperative sump pump.
What is the purpose of the trim fuel tank (Horizontal stab)? (R)
It reduces drag by adjusting the aircrafts C/G.
How would you prevent biological growth in a fuel tank? (R)
Additives and draining water.
What does the fuel totaliser read? (R)
The total amount of fuel remaining.
What could be an indication that two different hydraulic fluids have mixed? (R)
A swelling of seals.
What could be the cause of a slow moving hydraulic pump? (R)
An internal leakage in the pump.
Why is it necessary a variable displacement axial piston type pump has internal leakage? (R)
Internal leakage is necessary for cooling and lubrication of bearings.
What is the advantage of an electrically driven hydraulic pump over an engine driven pump? (R)
An electric pump can receive power from more than one source.
In an axial piston variable displacement type pump, what is the control piston used for? (R)
The control piston regulates pressure output by adjusting the angle of the wobbler/swap plate.
How do we monitor heated elements for failures? (R)
Current flow is monitored.
How does a pressure operated ice detector work? (R)
When the detector is encased in ice, the internal pressure drops, triggering an indication in the flightdeck.
A wiper moter moves… (R)
Only in one direction.
How do you prevent kickback from a shock strut when it is rapidly compressed upon landing? (R)
Various valves and orifices.
There is a slow creep down on the break pedals when pressure is applied. What could be the issue? (R)
A slow leak on the break master cylinder.
If the cabin entry lights were dim and not changing with the switch, how would you fix this? (R)
Change the ballast and flow tube lighting
What risk do you run by leaving an oxygen bottle below is specified pressure range? (R)
Moisture forming in the bottle.
You oxygen bottle pressure is displaying 1800psi but, you are not receiving any oxygen to the mask. What is the issue? (R)
The bottle shut-off valve is closed.
Where is the pre-cooler located? (R)
On or near the engine.
Where is bleed air taken from? (R)
The compressor stages.
How are external elements heated on the ground? (R)
By 24VDC
What could lead to an overheat of the vacuum system on an aircraft? (R)
No water
What type of memory is BITE information stored on? (R)
Non-volatile memory
How do you upload information onto an LRU? (R)
Via and portable data loader/ floppy disk/ magnetic tape
What is the purpose of I.M.A (Integrated Modular Avionics)? (R)
It decreases the amount of LRU’s necessary.
Which IMA bus does not require a computer to communicate between components? (R)
Arinc 664
If an aircraft is fit with internal cameras, it is processed by? (R)
The cabin monitoring system.
What is the purpose of the cabin core system? (R)
The cabin core system monitors internal aircraft cabin systems
What is the purpose of the avionics domain?
It monitors and records aircraft system parameters in a secured environment.
What is the purpose of the open world domain?
Open world is an extension of the aircraft systems to the outside for airline ops and pax needs.
(wifi)
The backbone of the Onboard Information System (O.I.S) is?
The Network System Server
