Question bank Flashcards by Naomi Khai

A nurse considers how the information he/she has collected from the patient relates to the nursing problem he/she is assessing. The nurse is practising which of the following intellectual standards?

Relevance

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A student nurse shared her findings after assessing a patient with her preceptor. The student nurse evaluates with her preceptor if she has been listening to all the information provided by the patient. Which of the following intellectual standards is the student nurse practising?

Fairness

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Critical thinking characteristics include:

Considering what is important in a given situation.

Accepting instruction without questioning.

Making decisions based on intuition.

Being able to read and follow physician’s orders

Considering what is important in a given situation.

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The first step in the critical thinking process for nurses is

evaluation.
recognition.
information gathering.
communication.

information gathering.

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The important of self-knowledge is important for the nurse. Because it helps the nurses to:
(Select the MOST [one] accurate answer)

Identify personal biases that may affect his thinking and actions
Identify the most effective interventions for a patient
Communicate more efficiently with colleagues, patients, and families
Learn and remember new procedures and techniques

Identify personal biases that may affect his thinking and actions

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List 3 roles of Nurses in Research.

consumers of research: practice EBP
producers of research: do research
give ideas for clinical study
as participants in research study
recruit participants for research study
search for research evidence to support clinical decision
attend/deliver journal club
advocate for change in clinical practice through guidelines development

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Nurses are increasingly encouraged to develop a practice that is
based on experts opinions.
based on a healthcare organisation.
evidence-based.

evidence-based.

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Select the choice(s) that apply to the following question:
Why is research important in evidence-based nursing practice?
To provide cost-effective nursing care
To achieve positive client outcomes
To discover clinically appropriate nursing care

All of the above

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Which of the following action is taken by consumers of research?
Produce research
Design studies
Read research
Undertake studies

Read research

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Which of the following statement is true about evidence-based practice? Select all that apply.

It is a practice that uses research findings as a basis for decision making and nursing actions.
It is useful only to nurses in academic environment.

An expert opinion is considered the most useful evidence for guiding nursing practice.

It refers to the conscientious use of best current evidence when making decisions about patient care.

It integrates research findings with clinical expertise and client inputs.

It refers to the conscientious use of best current evidence when making decisions about patient care.

It integrates research findings with clinical expertise and client inputs.

It is a practice that uses research findings as a basis for decision making and nursing actions.

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A well-written summary of a review of the literature provides direction for the formation of the purpose of the study.
True
False

True

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Combining search terms using ‘OR’ will give you more results than combining terms using ‘AND’.
True
False

True

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: A conference paper that describes the interim findings of an ongoing study into violent behaviour in hospitals.

Primary source

Secondary source

Primary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: A journal kept by a soldier during the World War II.
Primary source
Secondary source

Primary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: A photograph of Singapore General Hospital in 1965.

Primary source

Secondary source

Primary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: A present-day documentary that describes the experiences of female factory workers during the second world war.

Primary source

Secondary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: A published literature review.

Primary source

Secondary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: A research method textbook.

Primary source

Secondary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: A textbook with a compilation of theories of management

Primary source

Secondary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: An article that reviews current research into the development of drugs for treating hypertension.
Primary source
Secondary source

Secondary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: An experimental study comparing interventions for stress.

Primary source

Secondary source

Primary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: Data from a clinical trial that is developing a new type of chemotherapy.
Primary source
Secondary source

Primary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: Evidence-based practice recommendation on wound dressing that derived from a review of studies.
Primary source
Secondary source

Secondary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: Evidence-based practice recommendation that derived from a review of studies.
Primary source
Secondary source

Secondary source

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Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: Field notes from an ethnographic study of foreign workers who stay in a dormitory in Singapore. Primary source Secondary source

Primary source

Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: Report of a pilot study to test the feasibility of an intervention. Primary source Secondary source

Primary source

Determine if the following sources are primary or secondary sources: The diary of a woman who was in domestic service between 1965 – 1975. Primary source Secondary source

Primary source

Primary sources are written by people who experienced the event first-hand. True False

True

Primary sources are written by people who have studied the event after the fact. True False

False

Secondary sources of information are published studies written by the people who conducted the experiment. True False

False

The three stages of a literature review include: Input, Throughput and Output. Throughout stage involve appraising and analysing sources True False

True

Use of truncation will narrow your search of literature. True False

False

Using the boolean operator 'NOT' will eliminate an aspect of the topic you are interested in and narrow your search. True False

True

What is a PRIMARY source? A source found in books. A source created after an event has happened A source created at the time of an event by an individual who was there.

A source created at the time of an event by an individual who was there.

What is a SECONDARY source? A source created at the time of an event. It is the preferred source to reference in a literature review. A source created after an event has happened by someone not present at the event.

A source created after an event has happened by someone not present at the event.

Which database is essential for nurses and the allied health professions? MEDLINE PubMED CINAHL

CINAHL

Which of the following best describes a literature review? A structured presentation of existing evidence from literature findings It is a summary of what is known and unknown A synthesis of findings related to the research topic All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is a CORRECT example of the use of wildcard symbols? woman? wom?n ?women ?woman?

wom?n

Which of the following search strategies include the use of 'AND', 'OR' and 'NOT'? Phrase searching Boolean operators Keyword search Wildcard symbols

Boolean operators

Identify the Comparison in this study: Among 8- to 10-year-old, is the total energy expenditure lower among the children with congenital heart disease (CHD) than among those without CHD? Children without CHD Children with CHD Children less than 8 years old and more than 10 years old

Children without CHD

Identify the Issue in this study: Among 8- to 10-year-old, is the total energy expenditure lower among the children with congenital heart disease (CHD) than among those without CHD? Children who spent more energy expenditure than the others Not having congenital heart disease Having congenital heart disease

Having congenital heart disease

Identify the Outcome in this study: Among 8- to 10-year-old, is the total energy expenditure lower among the children with congenital heart disease (CHD) than among those without CHD? Children with CHD to have lower energy expenditure Children without CHD to have lower energy expenditure Whether it affects the total energy expenditure

Whether it affects the total energy expenditure

Identify the Population in this study: Among 8- to 10-year-old, is the total energy expenditure lower among the children with congenital heart disease (CHD) than among those without CHD? Children without CHD 8 to 10 year old children All children Children with CHD

8 to 10 year old children

Identify the study population of this research topic: 'The EPICS Family Bundle and its effects on stress and coping of families of critically ill trauma patients' Critically ill trauma patient. Family of critically ill trauma patients Nurses who care for critically ill patient.

Family of critically ill trauma patients

In a study of the use simulation in nursing education, the researcher specifies that participants must be nursing students who are 18-year-old or older who are in their first clinical nursing course. These specifications are an example of _____________ Sample. Context. Inclusion criteria. Exclusion criteria.

Inclusion criteria.

Read the article: Turning for Ulcer Reduction: A Multisite Randomized Clinical Trial in Nursing Homes (available under this quiz folder) and answer this question: The study population in this research is

Nursing Home residents

State if this statement is true or false? The sample is obtained from the accessible population and is generalized to the target population. True False

True

The 'I' used in qualitative research stands for: Issue. Implementation. Interest. Intervention.

Interest

Which of the following statement best defines 'accessible population'? A subset of a population that is used to represent the entire group as a whole. Portion of the target population to which the researcher has reasonable access. All elements (individuals, objects, events, or substances) that meet the sampling criteria for inclusion in a study. The entire aggregation of cases in which a researcher is interested.

Portion of the target population to which the researcher has reasonable access.

Which term would likely be used only by quantitative researchers, as opposed to qualitative research? Study participants. Subjects. Informants. Key informants.

Subjects.

A study that describes the lifestyles of persons with HIV. Description Exploration Explanation Prediction

Description

A study that examines the experiences of patients staying in an isolation ward. Description Exploration Explanation Prediction

Exploration

Is warm compress effective in treating infiltration? Description Exploration Explanation Prediction

Prediction

A study on "Why do nurses leave the profession?" Description Exploration Explanation Prediction

Explanation

What is the first phase in the research process for a quantitative study? The design phase. The conceptual phase. The empirical phase. The analytic phase.

The conceptual phase.

At which phase in a quantitative study will you conduct a literature review? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Conceptual phase.

At which phase in a quantitative study will you be deciding which extraneous variables need to be controlled? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Planning phase.

Suppose you are conducting a quantitative research study, at which phase will you be distributing questionnaires to a group of nursing home residents?

Empirical phase

Suppose you are conducting a quantitative research study, at which phase will you be determining what percentage of subjects were clinically depressed? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Analytic phase.

Suppose you are conducting a quantitative research study, at which phase will you be presenting a paper at a meeting of Nursing Research Society? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Dissemination phase.

At which phase will you be interpreting findings that were contrary to the hypotheses? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Analytic phase.

At which phase will you be identifying a suitable conceptual framework? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Conceptual phase.

Suppose you are conducting a quantitative research study, at which phase will you be deciding to collect data from 300 alcoholics in treatment? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Planning phase.

Suppose you are conducting a quantitative research study, at which phase will you be developing a training session for data collectors? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Planning phase

Suppose you are conducting a quantitative research study, at which phase will you be coding data for entry of information onto a computer file? Conceptual phase. Planning phase. Empirical phase. Analytic phase. Dissemination phase.

Empirical phase.

Indicate whether the following statement is True or False. Gaining entrée into a site in an activities in a qualitative research process. True or False

True

Indicate whether the following statement is True or False. Researchers involved in quantitative research commonly engage in fieldwork. True False

False

In which research study, will you perform this activity: Developing or evaluating measuring instruments.

In a quantitative study.

In which research study, will you perform this activity: Analysing the data for major themes or categories.

In a qualitative study.

In which research study, will you perform this activity: Doing a literature review.

In both/either qualitative and/or quantitative research.

In which research study, will you perform this activity: Taking steps to ensure protection of human rights.

In both/either qualitative and/or quantitative research.

In which research study, will you perform this activity: Specify methods to measure research variables.

In a quantitative study.

In which research study, will you perform this activity: Making new decision.

In a qualitative study.

What are the two paradigms that are dominant in nursing science and research? Trial and error. Quantitative research and qualitative research. Positivism and constructivism.

Positivism and constructivism.

In what paradigm do qualitative methods in research have their roots? Positivism. Subjectivism. Constructivism. Empiricism.

Constructivism.

Which is a fundamental assumption of the positivist paradigm? Reality is out there; to be objectively studied, known and understood. Reality is not orderly but it is random. Reality is not a fixed object. Phenomena do not necessarily have a cause.

Reality is out there; to be objectively studied, known and understood.

Indicate if the following research question was addressed in a quantitative study (positivism) or a qualitative study (constructivism). What is like for women to be the victims of physical abuse? Quantitative Qualitative

Qualitative

Indicate if the following research question was addressed in a quantitative study (positivism) or a qualitative study (constructivism). Do the babies of women who do not get prenatal care have lower birth weights than other babies? Quantiative Qualitative

Quantiative

Indicate if the following research question was addressed in a quantitative study (positivism) or a qualitative study (constructivism). What does it mean to a patient to receive a diagnosis that he or she has colon cancer? Quantitative Qualitative

Qualitative

Indicate if the following research question was addressed in a quantitative study (positivism) or a qualitative study (constructivism). What is the effect of a nursing smoking cessation intervention on the number of cigarettes that patients smoke? Quantitative Qualitative

Quantitative

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Assumes that reality exists and it can be objectively studied and known. Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Positivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Subjectivity in inquiries is considered inevitable and desirable. Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Constructivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Method of inquiry relies primarily on collecting and analysing quantitative information. Positivst Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Positivst Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Prefers qualitative analysis Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Constructivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Researchers emphasize on measuring information. Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Positivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Adopts a subjective approach Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Constructivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Researchers emphasize on narrative information. Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Constructivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: All research is value-ridden. Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Constructivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: Assumes reality is a construction and many constructions are possible. Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Constructivist Paradigm

Identify the correct paradigm of the following statement: The data produced are in-depth and findings with high validity. Positivist Paradigm Constructivist Paradigm

Constructivist Paradigm

Which of the following statement defines paradigm? A principle that is believed to be true without proof or verification. A worldview and a belief system that guides the way we do things. Insight or understanding of a situation or event as a whole that usually cannot be logically explained.

A worldview and a belief system that guides the way we do things.

A quantitative research examines causal relationships. Which of the following is a question about a causal relationship? Does rigorous daily exercise reduce the risk of obesity? Do men exercise more than women? Do people who exercise have better nutritional habits? What amount of exercise is optimal for adolescents?

Does rigorous daily exercise reduce the risk of obesity?

Which one of the following research studies is a clear example of an experimental research study? Ethnography. Correlation study. Pretest-Posttest design with randomisation. Descriptive studies.

Pretest-Posttest design with randomisation.

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Describing the effects of impaired Activities of Daily Living (ADL) on patients with muscular dystrophy. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Correlational

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Determining the effects of a relaxation technique versus standard care on patients' postoperative pain and anxiety levels where patients are not randomised. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Quasi-experimental study.

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Identifying the incidence of HIV in adolescents and young adults. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Descriptive

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Examining the relationships among intensive care unit (ICU) stress, anxiety, and recovery rate for patients following cardiac surgery. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Correlational

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Examining the effectiveness of breast cancer screening programs for women residing in rural areas. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Quasi-experimental study.

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Describing the coping strategies of chronically ill men and women. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Descriptive

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Examining the relationships among the lipid values, blood pressure, weight, and stress levels of adolescents Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Correlational

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Examining the effects of thermal applications on the abdominal temperatures of laboratory dogs, where the dogs are randomly assigned into thermal application group and the control group. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Experimental study.

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Identifying current nursing practice behaviors for male and female nurses working in an intensive care area. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Descriptive

Which type of quantitative research does this example belong to: Using age, nutritional intake, mobility level, weight, level of cognitive function, and serum albumin to predict the risk for pressure ulcer in hospitalized patients on a medical-surgical unit. Experimental study. Quasi-experimental study. Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Correlational

Which of the following statements about randomisation of subjects into the intervention group and control group is correct? It distributes the participants into two groups of equal number. It allocates participants of the same gender into the same group. It ensures every subject has an equal chance of being assigned to any group. Researchers have control over which people are assigned to which groups.

It ensures every subject has an equal chance of being assigned to any group.

Experimental and quasi-experimental studies are designed to examine ________________. cause and effect treatment outcome control group population

cause and effect

A study was done to examine the effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention on quality of life in breast cancer survivors in post treatment survivorship. Sample consisted of 256 breast cancer survivors who were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group (Meneses et al, 2017). This research design is known as correlational studies. randomised controlled trial. quasi-experimental. descriptive studies.

randomised controlled trial.

Subjects are not randomly selected in experimental studies. True False

False

Identify the most appropriate research design or study for the following example and provide a rationale for your answer: A sample of 100 first-time mothers was studied to examine the relationships among the variables of hours of sleep, stress level, anxiety level, and depression 1 month after the birth of their children. Experimental Quasi-experimental Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Correlational

Identify the most appropriate research design or study for the following example and provide a rationale for your answer: The study included a sample of 80 patients experiencing their first myocardial infarction (MI), who were recruited at the cardiac clinic. These patients were asked to complete a questionnaire to identify their health promotion and illness prevention behaviours. Experimental Quasi-experimental Non-experimental: Descriptive Non-experimental: Correlational

Non-experimental: Descriptive

A variable is a term used primarily in quantitative research. True False

True

Has a quantity or quality that varies. This is the definition of a/an ___________. Variable Independent variable Dependent variable Confounding variable

Variable

The intervention or treatment that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to create an effect on the dependent variable. This is the definition of a/an ___________. Variable Independent variable Dependent variable Confounding variable

Independent variable

The response, behaviour, or outcome that is predicted or explained in research; changes in this variable are presumed to be caused by the independent variable. This is the definition of a/an ___________. Variable Independent variable Dependent variable Confounding variable

Dependent variable

Variables that exist in all studies and can affect the measurement of study variables; the researcher attempts to control the influence of these variables so they do not impact the study findings. This is the definition of a/an ___________. Variable Independent variable Dependent variable Confounding variable

Confounding variable

Identify the independent (I) and the dependent variable (D) in this example: The risk of hypoglycemia in term newborns is related to the infant's birth weight.

Independent: infant birth weight Dependent: hypoglycemia

Identify the independent (I) and the dependent variable (D) in this example: First-time blood donors experience greater anxiety during the donation than donors who have given blood previously.

independent: prior blood donation versus no blood donation dependent: amount of anxiety

Identify the independent (I) and the dependent variable (D) in this example: Nurses who initiate more conversation with patients are rated as more effective in their nursing care by patients than those who initiate less conversation.

independent: amount of conversation initiated by nurses dependent: patients and ratings of nurses effectiveness