question bank Flashcards
drugs side effects: ring in the ears, + abdomen pain + mild metabolic acidosis
aspirin
Wad does juvenile myoclonic epilepsy shows in EEG
4-6 Hz irregular poly spike n wave burst
Where does opiates acutely inhibit cAMP dependent protein phosphorylation in which structure
locus cerelus
Excoriation disorder is in which catergory
OCD and related
MMPI which scale catch ppl intentionally endorses items that reflect social desirability
Lie scale
Distal weakness in one limb, + muscle wasting in same distribution is wad disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
exaggerated startles response with violent myoclonus, elicit by lights or speaking loudly, myoclonic jerks seen spontaneously, which disease
Spongiform encephalopathy
Blue lips, pinpoint pupils, crackles on lung mild arhythymia
Codeine
Role of observing ego
mobilized defense mechanism in response to signal anxiety
biofeedback is wad type of mechanism
operant conditioning
Most common deficit underlying reading disorder in english speaking children is
pholonogical functioning
Core principle of motivational interviewing
develop discrepancy
Autistic mostly frequent with
mental retardation
Most common cause of meningitis in 2 year old after upper res infection
Haemophilus influenza
Object relations theory central premise is
The mind is inhabited` by mental representations of self and others
Compared these drugs, which is comparatively safer to be given with MAOI amitrip meperidine tramadol fentanyl Dextromethorphan
Fentanyl
Which treatment modalities provides care for seriously mentally ill individuals in the community via MDT that is always around the clock
Assertive community treatment
first ethical directive after world war two
nuremberg code
diff between polymyositis and inclusion boy myositis
MG?
polymyositis: proximal (hips, thighs, shoulder, neck), <18
IBM: distal and proximal, >50 (most common)
MG: usually eyes, swallowing
dietary that may help depression
S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe)
Which PD most common in severe factitious disorder
BPD
Defendants’ competency in court is
presume unless the issue is raised
Stimulant induced craving for drugs is most frequently mediated by
glutamate
also dopamine and gaba
kindling of depression is supported by which phenomena
recurrence without stressors
Most frequent causes of simultaneous bilateral facial palsies
borrelia burgdorferi
Most likely to inc risk of impairment after bereavement i 80 year old
sig depressive symptoms shortly after loss
Most common learning disorder in school
reading disorder
Basilar stroke symptoms
: limb which one
others:
all 4 limbs
bulbar
INO
lateral medullary stroke is wad
vertebral artery:
contralateral homonymous hemianopia (due to occipital infarction), hemisensory loss (due to thalamic infarction) and hemi-body pain (usually burning in nature and due to thalamic infarction)
Bupropion may show false positive in
sertraline may show false positive in
amphetamines
benzo
amitriptyline may show false positive in
trazodone ‘’
LSD
Amphetamines
pheochromocytoma most usually cause wad psych issue
panic attack
In AA most clearly productive of alcohol abstinence for AA
obtaining a sponsor
EMG for myopathy is usually
small, short duration motor units on needle examination
blood level for tricycline, which is more accurate (2)
protriptyline, desmipraminel nortriptyline
reason y naloxone can be given with buprenorphine with no issue
poor sublingual absorption of naloxone
In purging whihc electrolyte inc or dec:
K
Bicarb
Cl
k dec
Bicarb In
chloride dec
What does Addisonian crisis shows
Low bP, Low sugar, high K
Most common substance used among schizo patients are
For high school
nicotine
alcohol
Pregnant woman usually have their body area struck at the the
abdomen
Whipple’s Disease
Tropheryma whippelii can be diagnosed by
cerebrospinal fluid with PAS+ cells
got dec hemoglobin level, positive fat in stool
hyperpigmentation, diffused joint pain, abdo pain
Phototherapy and bipolar
can use but need vigilance and careful titration
can cause mania
Positive reagin antibodies is what and how to treat
syphylis
penicillin
which freud stage where child realize he or she is the child of the parent and the parents have a relationship between each other no solely as a parent
phalic
OCD has familial link with
tic disorder
Most prevalent movement disorder with elderly is
essential tremors
Moral skill that was first developed in children during 8-11
internalisation of parental values
opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia is associated with
sclc
breast
What is the defining features of mood in atypical mood disorder
reactive
Using alarm is better than desmopressin in wad
lower relapse rate
Which cancer treatment may be followed by subcortical dementia due to leukoencephalopathy
whole brain radiation
Polymorphism of which following candidates genes have been shown to be associated with harm avoidance
serotonin transporter
who do short term dynamic psychotherapy and wad they do
davaloo
Clarify and relentlessly confront the pt’s defense
according to freud what is the term for the dreams u remember upon awakening
manifest dream
which are the following stages of development has a group reached where the members are less afraid of revealing individual differences so that they can participate in experiential learning
Norming
Chronic prescription opioid use most commonly affects which hormones
testosterone
what kind of nystagmus is for cerebellopontine anglr
Bruns nystagmus -> slow when look at lesion, quick nystagmus when look away from lesion
Nystagmus that worsens on fixed visual, bilateral, presents of vertical and horizontal gaze is
brainstem
Most effect treatment for writer’s cramp is
botox
what is primary process thinking
focused on drives and wish fulfillment
why telepysh is not popular
psychiatrist dont like
Lithium with hydrothiazide will
lithium will inc
terazosin can help with
antidepressant induced sweats
Most common psych stuff in SLE
depression and cognitive impairment
Most common solid tumor in children
neuroblastoma
Most common meds that affects old ppl for falls apart from benzo
antidepressants
Mirtazapine is better than SSRI in which side effect
diarrhea
Antipsychotic that associated with decreased psych symptoms and substance use and inc abstinence
clozapine
A first seizure u 58 year old man with focal onset and sec generalisation is likely due to
glioblastoma
Major therapeutic goal in self help is
overcoming maladaptive behaviors
Which drug ca show subcortical demyelinating lesions
Toulene
What surgical procedure can help refractory epilepsy
electrical stimulation of vagus nerve
what is external validity
what threatens it
External validity refers to how well the outcome of a study can be expected to apply to other settings
-study population is not representative of the population to be treated
IN Pavlov. the dog salivates, the food and the bell
which is the conditioned stimulus
the bell
What worsen the impulse control in Parkinsons
Pramipexole
for violence death of loved one, wad is different
early bereavement is similar but it will be longer period
chronic heavy alcoholic has wad kind of electrolyte imbalance
hypomg and hypoPO4
IQ of 68 which period hardest to struggle
Adolescence
AA was created by who
dr bob smith and bill wilson
Triangulating in family therapy and psychology is…
Triangulation occurs when an outside person intervenes or is drawn into a conflicted or stressful relationship in an attempt to ease tension and facilitate communication. This also has splitting and scapegoating
skin manifestation of ecchymosis can be indicative of
Cushing’s
wad meds can be useful for male erectile dysfunction either transurethral or intracavernosal injection?
alprostadil
how to make ppl move from contemplation to preparation
acknowledge ambivalence and evoke motivation to change
Anticholinergic need to give what
physostigmine
Prisoners’ need to be given health care based on what principles
Treatment must be provided to those who are prevented from seeking their own health care
Which meds is useful in HIV dementia but potentially more toxic later in the disease
Methyphenidate
Withdrawal symptoms for heroin peak in
36 hours
in hypnosis, a pt report reduced awareness of sounds and other distractions in the therapist office, what is this component of hypnosis concentration
Absorption
What are the three component of hypnosis
Absorption: reduced awareness of sounds and other distractions
other two components:
dissociation: functional separation of elements of identity, memory, consciousness or motor response from mainstream of conscious awareness
Suggestibility: tendency to perceive and accept signals and information with relative suspension of customary critical judgement
Principle of human subject consent is essential, first plan that suggest this is
Nuremberg code
What is Belmont report, what are the 3 component
respect for person, beneficent and justice
What is the most widely used comprehensive broad rating scale for assessment of school age children due to the availability of age based and gender based norms
Child behavior checklist (CBCL)
When children demonstrate a [reference for human voices and speech
Birth
First step when determine whether or not a criminal defendant is not guilty by reason of insanity is
determine the legal insanity standard to be used
Which serve the basis of mentalisation based therapy
MBT is good for:
Bowlby’s attachment theory
BPD
What does trail making test tested?
What does Benton visual retention test ?
Visual attention and task switching (can check for executive functioning)
Benton: visual processing and visual memory, help identify possible learning disabilities
Presence of wad after a traumatic event will inc the risk of PTSD
A) depression
B) dissociation
C) intense fear
dissociation
Y lithium not very good for old ppl
Changes in renal clearance makes it hard to use
Triangulation appears and is focused on which family therapy
How abt unbalancing
strategic FT
structural: taking side of one family member to force change
Structural focus on role and boundaries
cisplatin can cause what, name three
- change in skin colour
- peripheral sensation pain
- sensation mostly loss on the position and vibration distally
Hypochondriasis affects which part of the brain is see in PET
caudate
Myasthenia gravis can be check antibody of
acetylcholine receptors
Theory of infant socialization, successful attachment most likely promote survival by
Creating a bond so adults will protect it
Elevated iGG in CSF and serum means what
Sarcoidosis
what history shows poor response for lithium treatment
mixed manic/depressed episode
Earliest evidence of cell loss in alzheimer is where
Entorhinal cortex
FDA says generic drugs should not significantly differ from the brand drug in
Bioequivalence
Asperger’s has more problem in which of the following learning profile
non verbal LD
What is cultural integration
integration is a form of cultural exchange in which one group assumes the belief and practice of another group without sacrificing the characteristics of its own culture
Which three TCA drugs has better anticholinergic s/e
Which is most cardio toxic
Which is least sedative
Variable: moderate with nortriptyline, imipramine and dosulepin (dothiepin) Marked with others
-most cardio toxic: ami and dothiepin
-least sedative: nortriptyline
Usually nortriptyline has the least side effect for a lot of things including postural hypotension, anticholinergic
desmipramine has not as serious anticholinergic s/e
hypothalamic hamartoma can cause
where is it
Seizures Precocious (early) puberty Hormone imbalances Cognitive impairment Behavioral problems Emotional difficulties
at hypothalamus
Best 1st line for essential tremors , names two
propanolol, primidone (if pt has asthma)
IBS has high efficacy on wad
hypnosis
Which lobe will have failing of arms and fencing posture
frontal lobe
During spasticity, which neurotransmitter will be reduced
GABA and glycine
children physical and sexual abuse is a risk factor for which anxiety disorder
Panic disorder
Which psychotherapy make the pt into a sick role and give them permission and responsibility to recover?
IPT
What is the most frequent manifestation of acute neuro syphilis
stroke / meningitis
which vitamin will cause polyneuropathy eve if deficient or in excess
B6
DBT will teach which skill sets first
Mindfulness
thalamic stroke is due to
posterior cerebral artery ischemia
Amphetamines’ achieve stimulant effect by
release of catecholamine
Memory loss on dissociative amnesia is what type
a) semantic
b) episodic
c) anterograde
d) procedural
e) biographical
episodic
Cortical branch of posterior cerebral artery can cause:
homonymus hemianopia
alexia without agraphia
alexia without agraphia is due to which lesions
which blood vessels
infarct of the left occipital cortex and the splenium of the corpus callosum.
posterior cerebral artery
Nerve conduction study is MG is:
Acute polyneuropathy is
normal
For acute polyneuropathy: slowing of nerve conduction studies
shortest half life of SSRI
fluvoxamine
What treatment has demonstrated effectiveness in preventing future suicide in ppl with MDD that recent attempted suicide
CBT
Anterior spinal infarct can cause
motor and spinothalamic problems
What is the most predictive of positive psychotherapy outcome
Therapeutic alliance
When DSM start with multi axial system
DSM 3
Piaget explain what theory
How individual learn and understands the world
Which over teh counter drug can cause dissociation feeling
Dextromethorphan
epo proteins genotype
which dec risk of Alzheimer’s
which is the worse, and by how many times
E2/E3 (0.6)
E2/E2 (0.6)
E4/D+E4 (20 x)
Myotonic dystrophy, how does it inherit
When it usually appear
what are the non muscle symptoms (name 3)
autosomal dominant
during young adulthood
Other signs and symptoms of myotonic dystrophy can include cataracts, type-2 diabetes, and cardiac conduction defects (irregular electrical control of the heartbeat). Some affected men also have hormonal changes that may cause balding or infertility.
What is the major focus of outpatient psychotherapeutic groups for patients with schizophrenia
social skill development
Common side effect of naltrexone and disulfiram
Elevated liver enzyme
what does frame refer to in psychotherapy
how it is organised in terms of boundaries and consistent defining rules
REM is evident in which stage of development
In utero
depression inc or dec :
sleep latency
stage 3 sleep
REM sleep latency
amount of REM sleep.
Inc sleep latency (time to fall asleep),
reduced of stage 3 sleep (also known as deep sleep), reduced REM sleep latency (time to
REM sleep from sleep onset),
and increased amount of REM sleep.
Prognosis of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is poorest if the disease process involved wad
proximal axon
evoked potential or evoked response is used to test what
psychogenic blindness
supportive psychotherapy classically involves supporting and accepting the patient’s
defense mechanism
antimalaria pills induce or inhibits P450
inhibit
normal alpha rhythm is usually where
posterior dominant
gastric bypass surgery will have what deficiency
thiamine
agitation, paranoia and “walking on air” is which drug intoxication/withdrawal
dextromethorphan
Which substance abuse can induce behavioral disinhibition when used with xanax
alcohol
if psych say that he cannot treat someone not his expertise, what ethical principal is this
non maleficent
when ppl first realise individual difference in executive functioning
preschool
Validity scale of MMPI-2 test wad
test taking attitude of patient
Wad kind of medication class will cause worsen physiological tremors
corticosteriods
which of the following psychotherapeutic interventions is the most insight orientated
1) affirmation
2) clarification
3) advice and praise
4) empathetic listening
5) encouragement to elaborate
2) clarification
which infant temperamental stsyle is associated with eventual onset of anxiety symptoms in childhood
inhibited
biofeedback can be useful in wad (5)
insomnia, muscle tension, Raynaud mild to moderate severe idiopathic Raynaud disease, include tension HA, migraines, TMJ, epilepsy, asthma, arrhythmias, fecal
incondnence, HTN, and many others.
what can be used for meth abuse
bupropion
Most common cause of brain tumor in 65 year old
metastatic lung carcinoma
Insufficient of what hormone is associated with severe Intellectual disability
thyroid
serotonin syndrome usually need to give what first in terms of meds
lorazepam
Most common comorbid diagnosis in children with separation anxiety disorder
GAD
bupropion is better than ssri in terms of
less drug interactions
which brain part is useful treatment for primary generalised dystonia
globus pallidus
Pretend play usually appears at which part
toddlerhood
During acute initial refeeding phase of AN, which is most helpful focus of psychotherapeutic interventions with the pt
a) framing use of disordered eating behavior as a maladaptive coping mechanism
b) identifying triggers for relapse and developing plans to prevent relapse
c) exploring developmental, familial, and cultural antecedents to the illness
d) challenging cognitive distortions and negative core beliefs
d) coaching, support, and positive behavioral reinforcement
E) coaching, support, and positive behavioral reinforcement
MAOI food to avoid
coffee, red wine, beer(not vodka), smoked meats, cheese, chocolate, fava beans, Fermented soy products, such as soy sauce, miso, or tofu
primary process thinking refers to mental activity exemplified by which of the following
unconscious thoughts that do not maintain logical connections
Which molecule target in schiz help with improving cognition
D1 receptor agonism
Dantrolene how to help NMS , what mechanism
skeletal muscle relaxation
n skeletal muscle, Dantrium dissociates excitation-contraction coupling, probably by interfering with the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
what is anaclitic depression
common outcome following sudden or prolonger separation of otherwise normal attached infant
Covet sensitization is on pairing o sexually arousing fantasies with
aversive fantasies
Negative predictive value definition
represents the probability that a person does not have a disease or condition, given a negative test result.
cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia is attributed to enhancement of NMDA receptors activities of which neurotransmitters
glycine
American Africans tend to have higher activity of which p450
3A4
myoclonic response when startled is which:
subacute spongiform encephalopathy SSPE
Acamprosate mechanism, what neurotransmitter
mechanism of action is uncertain, but the drug is thought to interact with neuronal NMDA receptors
glutamate
What substance abuse will inc prolactin
cocaine withdrawal
cocaine blocks dopamine reuptake and prolactin secretion is regulated, in part, by dopaminergic inhibitory mechanisms, cocaine withdrawal may induce rebound supersensitivity of prolactin secretion.
Cocaine mechanism of action
blocking the dopamine transporter, inhibiting reuptake of dopamine from the synaptic cleft into the pre-synaptic axon terminal;
blocks the serotonin transporter and norepinephrine transporter, inhibiting reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine from the synaptic cleft into the pre-synaptic axon terminal and increasing activation of serotonin receptors and norepinephrine receptors in the post-synaptic neuron
ketamine mechanism of action
NMDA receptor antagonist
which is inducer or inhibitor
cipro erythromycin rifampicin st john wort cimetidine kavakava cauliflower red wine
cipro: inhibitor
erythromycin: inhibitor
rifampicin: inducer
st john wort: inducer
cimeditibe: inhibitor
kavakava: inhibit
cauliflower: induce
redwine: inhibit
ppl >65 with bipolar differ from young as they have
more mixed episode
potency definition
definition of efficacy
relative dose required to achieve a certain effect
Potency is the concentration (EC50) or dose (ED50) of a drug required to produce 50% of that drug’s maximal effect. Efficacy (Emax) is the maximum effect which can be expected from this drug
what feature suggest pathogen is west nile virus
monoparesis
What causes lobar multi hemorrhage
amyloid angiopathy
wad can cause lithium to dec
aminophylline
Xanthines: theophylline, caffeine
Sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride containing products
Other: psyllium or ispaghula husk, urea, mannitol, acetazolamide
What scales would determine a children meets criteria for ID
vineland adaptive behavior scales
Which stage children will first exhibit the ability to recognized their thoughts and feelings are their own, and other may think differently
preschool age
which chemotherapy agent is mostly common associated with distal polyneuropathy
cisplatin
deficits of which neurocognitive skills for schiz is affected
working memory
Adverse cardiac effects of TCA is due to
fast sodium channels
arbitrary inference is based on
drawing a conclusion despite the absence of evidence or despite evidence to the contrary
Which meds are most effective in treatment of premature ejaculation
Of those approved for use in the United States, paroxetine seems to be the most effective.
For compulsive sexual behavior, the best results is seen in
twelve steps group
difference between inhalant and PCP intoxication
inhalant: nystagmus, depressed reflex, Incoordination, Slurred speech, Psychomotor retardation, : Hypotension, hypothermia, depressed gag reflex
PCP: Vertical/horizontal nystagmus, HTN/tachycardia, numbness or diminished responsiveness to pain, Ataxia, Dysarthria
Cape like loss of pain and temp sensation
syringomyelia
ibs can give wad meds
imipramine
Wad should be given if someone have laryngeal dystonia
benztropine IM
juvenile myoclonic epilepsy EEG
3-6 Hz generalized polyspike and wave discharge
Absence seizure EEG
It has a classic EEG finding of 3 Hz spike and wave discharges.
DSM 3 is different than its predecessors in
add descriptive diagnostic criteria
Evidence strongly support use of which meds for smoking cessation
but wad has the highest success rate
varenicline
bupropion and group therapy
Primary goal of supportive psychotherapy
stabilize the patient’s functioning and strengthen patient defense
how many hours do amphetamine reach peak level
2 hours
Baby with hypertonia, hyperreflexia, irritability and tremors with depressed interactive behavior is due ot mother’s addiction of
cocaine
Floppy baby is due to benzo: hypo tonia
smoking affect which antipsychotic (2)
clozapine and olanzapine (CYP 1a2)
interpersonal social rhythm therapy is for which disorder and focus on wad
bipolar
lifestyle regularity
GHB intoxication cause what
euphoria, increased energy, hyper-verbal, increased socialization, disinhibition,
hypersexuality, muscle relaxation
also can be date rape
Can be used by body builders
breast feeding super first line drug is
sertraline
which drug cause bruxism, decreased ability to orgasm
MDMA
group therapy forms
1) forming
2) Storming
3) norming
4) performing
5) adjourning
1) forming: setting ground rules, formalities, treating each other as strangers
2) Storming: communicate but still view themselves as individuals, resist control by group leader
3) norming: feel part of the team, accepting view point
4) performing: works in an open and trusting atmosphere
5) adjourning: assessment of the year and plans for transitioning roles and recognizing member contributions
naltrexone is what mechanism
opioid antagonist
what kind of sex behavior is bad in preschooler
mimic sex with toys
most common genetic abnormality for intellectual disability
inherited
downs
inherited: fragile x
Which ssri is the greatest potential in blocking p450
faverin
Klevin leven is
excessive amounts of sleep (hypersomnolence), (i.e., up to 20 hours a day); excessive food intake (compulsive hyperphagia); and behavioral changes such as an abnormally uninhibited sexual drive.
Kluver bucy is
which part of the brain damaged
damage to both of the anterior temporal lobes of the brain. It causes individuals to put objects in their mouths and engage in inappropriate sexual behavior.
to prove medical malpractice, what is the burden of proof
preponderance of evidence
Trazodone need high level for anti depressive property due to his weak affinity of
serotonin transporter
directed masturbation is useful for which sexual dysfunctions
female organismic disorder
correlation of plasma drug concentration with clinical effectiveness is best establish in which two drugs
clozapine, haloperidol
Which meds is most effective for treatment of low sexual desire in post menopausal women
testosterone, estrogen, Flibanserin, Bremelanotide
hallucinations in conversion has what quality
having childish, fantastic quality
in lithium toxicity, which part likely have permanent damage
cerebellum
contralateral leg weakness with sparing of face and arm associated with urinary incontinence and abulia are due to which type of stroke
ant cerebral artery
Most serious RTMS side effects are
seizure
first use the term schizophrenia is
Eugen bleuler
What is the absolute contraindication to use of sildenafil
regular use of sublingual nitroglycerin
most effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea
positive pressure therapy
hypnotizability is most strongly predicted by
capacity for engaging in imagination
Which of the following stats measure the magnitude of difference between two intervention group
effect size
Seizure due to alcohol withdrawal have what feature
multiple episode
pure sensory deficit in lacunar is cuz at what area
lateral thalamus
pure motor deficit in lacunar is cuz at what area
posterior limb of the internal capsule
Which benzo is absorb quickly in po/im
lorazepam
which cognitive abilities is last to show decline in old age
word knowledge
which kind of meds can be found to have secondary cause of restless leg syndrome
antidepressant
There was a period of therapeutic optimism after which historical event
treatment of soldiers in world war 2
which is the best treatment for genitor pelvic/penetrations’ disorder
dilatation with graduated sized vaginal dilators
cheery skin presentation is which poison
CO
wad is teh lowest dose of methadone that is considered to suppress opioid drug hunger and induce cross tolerance blockage of illicit opiates
80-120mg
Which phase of life when he is likely to have experienced his first sexual attraction towards a same sex partner
young adolescence
what test can distinguish executive dysfunction from depression
clock drawing test
Lithium will have inc was independent of renal function
calcium
with sodium which is most relevant to follow up
platelets
Care giver who is sufficiently attuned and responsive to a child’s need to allow child to become aware of child’s own drives is referred to as a
good enough mother
When genital self stimulation is particularly pronounced in children
18-3 years
children developed uncontrolled movement disorder characterized by writhing movements of limbs and head turning, this is associated with
Streptococcus
Specificity
true negative
what causes Argyll Robertson Pupils
neurosyphilis, other AR like pupils can occur in the setting of diabetes mellitus, neurosarcoidosis, chronic alcoholism, encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, Lyme disease, or herpes zoster
caffeine how does it cause inc dopaminergic activity
adenosine receptor
In child abuse, wich part of brain is more likely to have reduced size
hippocampus
In REM sleep, HR inc or dec
inc
Which part of pharmacokinetics remains the most stable in individuals over 65 compared to younger people
absorption
Which neurodevelopmental disorder will have seizure only during adolescence
autism
projective test is to
detect presence of subtle psychotic thought process
in self psychology, a major cause of mental illness is
an inability to gratify unconscious drives
drugs that is good for postherpetic neuralgia
capsaicin
alexia with no agraphia is due to which lesion
corpus callosum
if for Tourette’s, antipsychotic and alpha adrenergic agonist does not help, what does
tetrabenazine
toc severity usually decrease during which age period
adolescents
increase beta frequency is due to wad meds
sedative (benzo)
When homosexuality was removed
dsm 3-R (1987)
what is the most salient features of anal phase
Child parent struggles the need to delay gratification of desires
odd in children can comorbid with which two disorder
ADHD and anxiety
Gelastic seizure (stereotyped laughing) are most commonly associated with which brain structure lesions
hypothalamus
what factors is associated with improved outcome in late life depression
family history of depression
l-methylfolate is better than folate in adjuvant treatment of depression because
What it inc and how
inc transfer across the blood brain barrier
IT inc serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine via inc of tetrahydrobiopterin
Melanin klein is famous for wad
Objects relations psychotherapy: Melanie Klein (Object relations are related to drives; “ego splitting;”
infant-mother relationships; “depressive/paranoid/schizoid positions”)
Who do self psychology
Kohut
when the child is able to integrate the good and bad elements of the caregiver, he is said to be in wad phase
the depressive position
primary risk factor for completed suicide in medically hospitalised patient
lack of proper assessment of suicide risk
what hormone will be raised when have orgasms?
oxytocin
an effective study differs from efficacy study in which of the following
real world conditions
a drug addiction that causes a seizure that is not a withdrawal, what is it
meperidine (opiod)
standard of proof applies to civil involuntary psych commitment
preponderance of evidence
guanfacine is a wad type of meds
pre synaptic a-2 adrenergic receptor stimulation
mid life friendship characteristics
tend to have an urgent intense quality
long term wellbeing of child following a divorce depends on
cessation of conflict between the divorce parent
cluster headache, it occur during rem or non rem sleep
rem sleep
the combination of fluctuation aching pain in the lower ack, buttocks and sciatic distribution that is elicited by standing or walking and relieved by sitting with numbness in a similar distribution and loss of ankle reflexes is characteristic of which disorder
Spinal stenosis
Which meds can allow for larger daily reduction in benzo during taper from supratherapeutic doses
valproate
Paternalism can be justified by which basic ethic principals
beneficence
what hiv illness has the key work india ink
cryptococcosis
postpartum psychosis is associated with wad
bipolar
what is the following parental task first become especially important during toddlerhood
limit setting
What is the most evidence of managing irritability and aggression in children with autism
aripiprazole
what is most supportive for improving outcome in a practices in a therapeutic relationship
collecting feedback from patient about the treatment
Dementia pullistica ia a tauopathy or a alpha synuclein
tauopathy
same as PSP
in children wad is the best strategic approach in med titration
higher weight adjusted doses of medication
how to engage a person who behaves in a manipulative entitled manner
modeling an approach of appealing to the patient’s entitlement
a natural course of mania is
3 months
sleep terror onset is
childhood
how to unpair conditioned stimulus from unconditioned stimulus
have the people repeatedly face the conditioned stimulus without unconditioned stimulus
as children progress through the school age period of development they start to
recognize racial and ethnics stereotypes
varenicline mechanism
blocks the reinforcing effects of nicotine
partial agonist at α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A what gene
deficit
how is it inherit
(a duplication) of the PMP22 gene
Autosomal dominant inheritance
What is second line for panic disorder
Imipramine and clomipramine are effective and
may be used as second-line treatment of panic
disorder.
what is an active metabolite of amitriptyline
norptriptyline
in HIV dementia, what associated with earlier deficits as compared to early stage Alzheimer dementia
processing speed
diagnostic reliability was achieved by standardizing which
diagnostic criteria
migraine prophylaxis
topiramate
what is the principal mechanism of termination of synaptic activity to secrete seminal fluid
degradation by monoamine oxidase
Main goal of group CBT for chronic pain is
to maintain function despite pain
When children start repeating stories of what happen in great detail
school age
8 year old with mild ID is most likley having difficulty with
understanding social cues
that offspring of older father have inc risk of
schizophrenia
upbeating nystagmus one primary gaze
lesion of medulla
Pain caused by neurogenic inflammation is mediated by wad
substance P
Enuresis
1) can the act of voluntary
2) how old the child mz b
1) can be voluntary
2) Children mz be more than 5 years old
If a child have less vocab, is due to what delay
semantics
Potentially threatening object produce a startled response before a person becomes consciously aware of them, due to what connection
Amygdala
Huntington is due to lost of what neurotransmitter
GABA
Alleic exclusion and X link inactivation can best be explained by what
epigenetics
what kind of antibodies shows most in inc risk of neuropsychiatric risk in lupus
antiphospholipid
Wad prob will inc after gender reassignment surgery
general health problems
Explain universal, indicated and selective
Universal: target a general public or a while population group that has not been identified on basis of individual risk (good prenatal care programs to prevent bullying in school)
Selective: target to individuals or a subgroup f a population whose risk of developing mental disorder is significantly higher than average, (bereavement support group, social support program)
Indicated: targeted to high risk individuals who are identified to have minimal but detectable signs and symptoms, foreshadowing mental disorder (parenting program for parents of presch children who display aggression)
bonus: vaccination is which type of intervention
primary
adult neurogenesis is found at
hippocampus
Rct ‘s most significant critique is
better suite provide information about efficacy than effectiveness
what is the strongest predictor of involvement of patient in leadership role in mental health consumer organization
perceived organizational empowerment
what meds can contribute to development of galactorrhea with pt on risperidone
fluoxetine
genetic mapping methods aim to identify disease associated variants based on
genetic linkage
inc of wad hormones is associated with lowered severity of PYSD
dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
what antipsychotic is helpful in dec psychotic symptoms and adduction
clozapine
epigenetics is best defined as
mitotically and/or meiotically heritable changes in gene functions that cannot be explained by changes in DNA sequence
ALS is associated with what kind of dementia
frontotemporal dementia
wad prescription drug abuse happens the most
pain relivers
thomas szas saying mental illness is a myth because mental illness is
problem in living
The great majority of disease associated genetic variant identified by genome wide association studies occurs within
intronic or intergenic regions
uncinate fasciculus connect wat
anterior temporal and ventral frontal
Fragile X links to schiz by what kind of neurodevelopmental process
synaptic pruning
what hormone has circadian release pattern
cortisol
genome wide association studies typically assay which of the following
common genetic variants
Sex offender treatment program are usually wad kind of therapy
CBT
what is required of all psychiatrist by the American Board Psych and neurology maintenance of certification program
Medical knowledge
Signal in standard FMRI s the results of
changes i deoxyhemoglobin
