Question 2- similarities and differences between the development of spoken and written language

Question 1

What needs to be stated in the introduction?

Answer 1

• An individual usually learns to speak before they learn to write
• Speech and writing are two different codes of language
• Definition of written and spoken language
  Written languageis thewrittenform of communication which includes both reading andwriting
  Language produced by articulate sounds

Question 2

What is the topic of paragraph 1?

Answer 2

Similarities between spoken and written language

Question 3

What are the similarities between spoken and written language

Answer 3

• Both forms of communication

- Share similar syntax and morphological bases

Question 4

What is the topic of paragraph 2?

Answer 4

Different functions (PURPOSE)

Question 5

What are the functions of spoken and written language?

Answer 5

• Speech is generally used in everyday social interactions, while writing is used for more permanent forms of communication such as instructions and records

Question 6

What else is important to state in paragraph 2?

Answer 6

• In speech, it is up to the speaker to place the emphasis on words and create emotion. However, in reading, it is up to the reader to pause and put emphasis on certain words, following the punctuation as a guide

Question 7

What is the topic of paragraph 3?

Answer 7

Two different codes of language (different formattings)

Question 8

What are the formatting differences between written and spoken language?

Answer 8

• Sounds vs letters
• Changes in pitch and stress to convey importance vs underlining words, punctuation and capital letters
• Pauses and silence vs gaps and dashes
• Gap fillers e.g. ‘um’, ‘er’ vs not shown in the final form of writing as it is edited and planned

Question 9

What is the topic for paragraph 4?

Answer 9

Implications for teaching

Question 10

What are the implications for teaching the difference between spoken and written language for teachers? (includes one picture book example)

Answer 10

• Teachers need to be aware of possible difficulties in texts for students learning to read and write
• Teach students how to use structures (genres) for different types of texts
• Teachers must show different types of texts, both written and spoken to expose students to the different codes
• Look at the level of difficulty of texts for students. Well organised structure. Vocabulary does not have to be familiar and the sentences don’t have to be short and simple.
  
  • e.g. The Little Red Hen- threshing of wheat- actually show them what it means- get wheat and do it
• Explain the written words using spoken language that they already understand and relate it to things they know