queen, government and religion 1558-69 Flashcards

queen, government and religion, 1558-69

1
Q

why was elizabeths gender a problem?

A
  • belief that women were weak
  • concerns over who she would marry
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2
Q

why was religion a problem for elizabeth

A

country split between protestants and catholics. lots of religious turmoil

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3
Q

why was legitimacy a problem for elizabeth

A
  • Believed that Henry 8s marriage to Anne Boleyn was illegitimate as he broke from church
  • Henry 8 declared Elizabeth illegitimate after executing anne boleyn
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4
Q

what country was the most serious threat in 1558

A

france

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5
Q

who would tudor monarchs consult for more money

A

parliament

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6
Q

what was elizabeths body of advisers called

A

privy council

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7
Q

how many men were on the privy counsil

A

19

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8
Q

what was the name of the growing middle class

A

the gentry

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9
Q

how much debt did elizabeth inherit when she became queen

A

£300,000

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10
Q

what were elizabeths aims regarding religion

A
  • to heal divisions between protestants and catholics and avoid civil war
  • maximize personal power by taking control of church
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11
Q

who was sir francis walsingham

A

close adviser to elizabeth and spymaster

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12
Q

who was robert dudley

A
  • earl of Leicester
  • leading nobleman, advisor and fave of elizabeth
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13
Q

what did elizabeth do in 1559 to solve religious problems

A

the religious settlement
- aka the middle way

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14
Q

what was the Act of Supremacy 1559

A

re-established break from rome and independent church of england

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15
Q

name 2 features of act of supremacy 1559

A
  • elizabeth being supreme governer of the curch
  • archbishops and bishops kept to please catholics
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16
Q

what was the act of uniformity 1559

A

an act to make all churches uniform and to follow all the same rules

17
Q

name 2 features of the act of uniformity 1559

A
  • catholic mass abandoned
  • bible in english
  • ornaments (crosses and candles) could be on communion table
  • Priests in trad. vestments
  • clergy allowed to marry
  • fines if church is missed
18
Q

how were the acts of supremacy and uniformity viewed at the time

A

majority were happy - apart from puritans and extreme catholics

19
Q

geographically, where was catholicism most popular

A

north (east and west)

20
Q

what is a puritan

A

very protestant - wanted to remove catholisism and simplify church

21
Q

what was the impact of the religious settlement on the clergy

A
  • 8000 priests took oath of supremecy
  • only one bishop took so rest had to be replaced
22
Q

what was the crucifix controversy

A
  • elizabeth wanted crucifixes
  • puritan bishops did not and threatened resignation
  • elizabeth eventually gave in
23
Q

what was the vestment controversy

A
  • elizabeth wanted priests to wear vestements
  • puritan priests refused
  • elizabeths fired the priests who didnt show up to a vestment exhibition
24
Q

how did the pope challenge elizabeths religious settlement

A

he issued a statement in 1566 that catholics shouldnt attend protestant services

25
Q

what was the impact of the popes challenge on elizabeths religious settlement

A

virtually none

26
Q

how much of the nobility were catholic

A

1/3

27
Q

why were some catholic nobles unhappy with the religious settlement

A

elizabeth chose to have protestant advisers which meant they got less power

28
Q

whats a heretic

A

people who dont believe in catholic church teachings

29
Q

whats a recusant

A

someone who refused to attend church of england services

30
Q

how did elizabeth decrease the threat of france

A

signed treaty of troyes in 1564

31
Q

what did the treaty of troyes do

A

it was a confirmation from elizabeth that calais belonged to france

32
Q

why was philip 2 of spain unhappy with elizabeth in 1559

A
  • elizabeth supported protestants in the netherlands
  • elizabeths pirates stole gold from spanish ships
  • elizabeth refused to marry him
33
Q

why was MqoS a threat to elizabeth in 1568

A
  • next in line to throne and had a son
  • close links with france - mother and 1st husband
  • catholic with catholic support
34
Q

how did elizabeth deal w the treat of mary in 1568

A

mary kept under house arrest

35
Q

what did the pope do to excommunicate elizabeth

A

the papal bull 1970

36
Q

why is the papal bull 1970 important

A

english catholics dont have to be loyal to elizabeth

37
Q

when was the treason act

A

1571