Queen, Government, and Religion 1558-1569

Question 1

How did Elizabeth deal with the challenges from abroad

Answer 1

Avoided war with France by signing the Peace of Troyes (1564)
Imprisoning Mary Tudor and making peace with France

Question 2

Challenges from Abroad facing Elizabeth I in 1558:

Answer 2

French threat: France was wealthier and had a bigger population than England
France ended conflict with Spain: making a war more likely with England

Question 3

Financial Weaknesses in 1558

Answer 3

Crown was £300,000 in debt
Mary Tudor has sold crown lands to pay for conflict in France
Elizabeth needed money to remain secure on the throne

Question 4

Problems facing Elizabeth I when she became queen:

Answer 4

Lacked experience
Elizabeth was a illegitimate child
Elizabeth was a protestant in a Catholic society
Elizabeth’s Government was in debt (£300,000)

Question 5

Who’s Who in the towns

Answer 5

merchants- traders who were very wealthy
professionals- Lawyers, Doctors, Craftsmen
Unskilled labourers- people who had no regular work

Question 6

Who’s Who in the countryside

Answer 6

nobility- major landowners; dukes, earls, and lords
gentry- owned smaller estates
yeomen farmers- owned small amounts of land
Tenant farmers- rented land from yeomen farmers
Vagrants- moved from place to place looking for work

Question 7

Social Hierarchy of towns

Answer 7

Merchants
Professionals
business owners
craftsmen
unemployed

Question 8

Social Hierarchy of the countryside

Answer 8

Nobility
Gentry
Yeomen farmers
tenant farmers
landless and labouring poor
homeless and vagrants

Question 9

Militia

Answer 9

a force of ordinary people raised in an emergency

Question 10

Elizabeth’s Government

Answer 10

The court- made up of noblemen who were the Monarch’s advisers
Privy council- members of the nobility who helped the country
Justices of the peace- large landowners appointed by the Government
Parliament- Made up of the House of Lords and House of commons

Question 11

Elizabeth’s Religious Settlement (1559)

Answer 11

Act of Uniformity
Book of Common Prayer (1559)
Act of Supremacy

Question 12

Act of Uniformity

Answer 12

dictated the appearance of Churches and how religious services/ mass should be held

Question 13

Act of Supremacy

Answer 13

Elizabeth became head Governor of the Church
All Clergy and Royal has to swear an oath of allegiance

Question 14

Impact of the Religious Settlement (1559)

Answer 14

8000 out of 10,000 clergy accepted the Religious Settlement
Many Catholic Bishops opposed the settlement
Majority of ordinary people accepted Elizabeth’s settlements

Question 15

The Royal Injunctions

Answer 15

These stated that all clergy were required to:

teach the royal supremacy
Keep the copy of the Bible in English
Wear special clothes (Vestments)

Question 16

Role of Church of England in Society

Answer 16

Provided guidance for Communities
Responsible for Church courts
Legitimised Elizabeth’s rule

Question 17

Puritans

Answer 17

Puritans were radical protestants who wanted to ‘Purify’ the Christian religion by getting rid of Non-Biblical things

Question 18

Puritans (2)

Answer 18

Puritans wanted to develop their own Church
Puritans wanted a simple style of worship
Minority of Puritans believe that the Monarch can be overthrown

Question 18

The Nature of the Catholic threat at home

Answer 18

Counter reformation in Europe
Catholic hostility towards Protestants
Pope instructs English Catholics not to attend Church of England
Revolt of Northern Earls (1569-1570)

Question 19

Excommunication

Answer 19

Formally being excluded from the Catholic Church
Unable to receive the settlements