Quarter 1 Midterm -- period 1 Flashcards
Descriptive anatomy
Exact terms for locations; prevents misunderstanding
Anatomical position
Standing upright, arms by the side, palms facing forward, toes pointed forward, always assumed
Abdominal
Stomach
Acromial
Point of shoulder
Axillary
Armpit, underarm
Brachial
Upper arm
Buccal
Cheek
Calcaneal
Heel of foot
Carpal
Wrist
Cephalic
Head, front, and back
Coxal
Hips
Cervical
Neck
Digital
Fingers
Femoral
Thigh
The visceral pleura covers the surface of:
The Lungs
Body Membranes functions:
Covers the body, line body cavities, and cover organs within the cavities
Membrane that has visceral and parietal layers:
Serous Membrane
Categories of epithelial membranes
Cutaneous Membrane, Serous Membranes, and Mucous Membranes
Connective Tissue Membrane
Synovial
Layers of serous membranes
Visceral layer: covers external surface of organs
Parietal layer: lines the internal surface of the body wall
The skin is a
Cutaneous Membrane
Eccrine Glands
Sweat glands that are found in abundance on the face and produce sweat in response to excess heat in the body. These glands are NOT stinky.
What is the anatomical name for Buttocks?
Gluteal
What is the tarsal?
the ankle
What is the nasal?
the nose
The oral is your:
mouth
The orbitals are:
the eyes
What is the anatomical term for the knee pit(back)?
Popliteal
Composition of sweat
- 99% Water
- Salt
- Vitamin C
- Metabolic waste
- Proteins and fatty acids( ONLY IN APOCRINE GLANDS)
What is the patellar?
the front of the knee
Where is the pelvic?
the area between the hips
Sebaceous glands
glands responsible for producing Sebum (oil) and protecting the skin from bacteria. These glands are found all over the body EXCEPT the palms and soles.
What is the anatomical term for the gluteal cleavage(butt crack)?
Sacral
The Umbilical is on the _____ side.
Anterior
The carpals are _____ to the digitals.
Proximal
Apocrine Glands
Sweat glands that become active during puberty that are responsible for the stinky body odor smell. These glands can be found in the armpit and around the genitals.
superior
above
The oral is _____ to the ear.
Medial
What is the anatomical term for the shoulder blade?
Scapular
Eccrine Glands
Sweat glands that are found in abundance on the face and produce sweat in response to excess heat in the body. These glands are NOT stinky.
The skin is _____ to the skeleton.
Superficial
What is the Apocrine Sweat Glands?
found in the armpits and around the genitals. The bacteria decompose the bacteria the proteins/acids and gives it a musky odor. Starts working at puberty.
What makes apocrine glands stink
The fatty acids and proteins from the sweat produced is eaten by bacteria, as a result the bacterias byproduct is stinky.
anterior
in front of
What is the anatomical term for the breastbone?
Sternal/Sternum
posterior
Behind back of
What is the anatomical term for the belly button(naval)?
Umbilical
medial
inner side of; in the middle of
What is the anatomical term for the spine?
Vertebral
ventral body cavities
the anterior
includes thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
lateral
outer side of; away from the midline
Dorsal body cavities
includes cranial cavity and spinal cavity
The umbilical is ____ to the cervical.
Inferior
Epidermis
most superficial layer of the skin, overlying the dermis.
Integumentary
Protects deeper tissue from injuries
Hair, skin, fingernails
Cranial cavity
Houses the brain
proximal
close to the origin of body parts
The pelvic is [blank] to the gluteal.
Anterior
Spinal cavity
Houses the spinal cord
The brachial is [blank] to the carpals.
Distal
Thoracic cavity
heart and lungs
distal
further from the onigin of body parts
What are the layers of the epidermis from superficial to deep?
- Stratum corneum
- Stratum lucidum (only thick skin)
- Stratum granulosum
- Stratum spinosum
- Stratum basale
(Californians, Love, Good, Sandy, Beaches)
How many layers does “thin skin” have?
4
Abdominopelvic cavity
Digestive organs, reproductive organs, and urinary tract organs.
Muscular system
Allows manipulation of the environment
Skeletal Muscles
Where is “thin skin” located?
everywhere else, except palm and soles of feet
inferior
below
Skeletal system
Protects and supports the body organs
Cartalage, Joint, bones
What is homeostasis
The ability of the body to maintain a relatively stable/constant internal environment, regardless of environmental changes
Sagittal section
Divides the body(or organs) into left and right
superficial
towards to or at body surface
How many layers does the “thick skin” have?
5 (only skin with S. lucidum )
What is the stimulus
Produces change in variable
deep
away from body surfaces
What is the effector
Response of effector feeds back to influence magnitude of stimulus and returns variables to homeostasis.
Midsagittal section
Divides the body(or organs) into equal left and right parts
What is negative feedback
the output reduces the original effect of the stimulus. Ex. Body temperature
What is positive feedback.
system, the cut put enhances the original stimulus. Ex. Child birth, blood clotting
Nervous system
The fast-acting control system of the body
Brain, nervous, spinal cord
Transverse (or cross) section
Divides the body (or organs) into superior and inferior
what are two major regions of the dermis?
papillary and reficular
What is anatomy?
Anatomy is the study of the structure and body and its parts
Where is “thick skin” located?
palms and the sole of the feet
which region is the upper layer of the dermis?
papillary
Frontal (or coronal) section
Divides the body (or organs) into anterior and posterior
What are the epidermal layers, deep to superficial?
- S.basale, 4. S.sipinosum, 3. S.granulosum, 2. S. lucidum, 1. S.corneum
whats the deepest skin layer of the dermis ?
reticular
What is physiology?
Study of the body and its functions
Where are melanocytes located?
S.basale
what is hypodermis?
subcutaneous tissue; under the dermis; composed of adipose; energy storage, cushion, and shock absorption
What is the “rule of nines?”
The way we determine skin damage from a burn
How long does it take for the epidermis to be replaced?
1 month
Maintaining life: Survival Needs
Nutrients
Oxygen
Water
Normal body temperature
Atmospheric pressure
You get a splinter that penetrates the epidermis on your knee. What is the second layer touches?
S.granulosum *because the S. lucidum is not present in thin skin
Sebaceous Gland
For oil (sebum)
What percentage of the skin was burned? (The anterior head, whole right leg, and the abdomen)
31.5%
Hair root
Below the skin
What area of hair, follicle, or nail would have to be damaged to stop growth?
The nail matrix and hair follicle would have to be damaged to stop growth.
Body of the nail
Densely packed dead keratinocytes.
Arrector Pili Muscle
A tiny muscle that attaches to the base of a hair follicle at one end and to dermal tissue on the other end.
How does a physician estimate the skin damage in a severely burned patient by?
The Rules of Nine
Hair shaft
Above the skin
Posterior head and posterior arms?
13.5%
