Quarter 1 Final

Question 1

What are 5 quotes from Poor Richard’s Almanac?

Answer 1

1) There are no gains without pains.
2) God gives all things to industry.
3) One today is worth two tomorrows.
4) Fools make feasts and wise men eat them.
5) He that speaks much is much mistaken.

Question 2

Who wrote the Scarlet Letter?

Answer 2

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Question 3

Who wrote A Model of Christianity?

Answer 3

John Winthrop

Question 4

Who wrote of Plymouth Plantation?

Answer 4

William Bradford

Question 5

Who wrote What Is an American?

Answer 5

Hector St. John De Crevecoeur

Question 6

Who wrote Common Sense?

Answer 6

Thomas Paine

Question 7

What stories (letters) did Benjamin Franklin write?

Answer 7

1) Letter to Joseph Priestly

2) Something of My Religion

Question 8

Who wrote the Age of Reason?

Answer 8

Thomas Paine

Question 9

Who wrote Religion…My Views of It..

Answer 9

Thomas Jefferson

Question 10

What is the Enlightenment?

Answer 10

The one hundred plus years from the 1680s to the 1790s. The beginnings are marked in Britain by the Glorious Revolution in 1688 which repudiated Stuart autocracy and ushered in religious toleration. The End of the Enlightenment is best linked to the realization of its ideals in the revolutions of France and America in the last quarter of the 18th century which, of course, led to its own reaction seen in the Romantic movement of the 19th century.

Question 11

What was Thomas Paine’s philosophy?

Answer 11

Paine said

1) “I believe in one God, and no more; and I hope for happiness beyond this life.
2) I do not believe in the creed professed by the Jewish church, by the Roman church, by the Greek church, by the Turkish church, by the Protestant church, nor by any church that I know of. My own mind is my own church.
3) All national institutions of churches, whether Jewish, Christian or Turkish, appear to me no other than human inventions, set up to terrify and enslave mankind, and monopolize power and profit.”

Question 12

Talk about Ben Franklin

Answer 12

Alright, he best represents the spirit of the Enlightenment. He depended on first and experience. Speculative about the nature of the universe, on religion which preferred to watch human behavior rather than debate unportable theology.

Question 13

Who wrote Poor Richard’s Almanac?

Answer 13

Ben Franklin

Question 14

what is Deism?

Answer 14

1) Values of progress: from religion to science
2) Deduced the existence of God from the construction of the universe, not the Bible.
3) When people are born, they are given a blank slate and they make there own morals.
4) God: cloth/watch maker, God made laws to be understood by the people, started the world and pressed “start” then watched it to see what happens.

Question 15

Summarize what Deism

Answer 15

The name given to enlightenment religion in which religious superstition is replaced by a rational religion in which God Becomes no more than the Supreme intelligence or craftsmen who had set the machine that was the world according to its own natural and scientifically predictable laws. This deism was inherently anticlerical and deeply suspicious of religious fanaticism and persecution.

Question 16

What were the three important forces that influenced colonial Puritanism?

Answer 16

1) The social system of 17th century England
2) Calvinism
3) The New England Environment

Question 17

Talk about Henry the 8th

Answer 17

Married Catherine of Aragon. Henry wanted a son but Catherine couldn’t give him one. wants a divorce; spain pressures Pope Clement VII to delay to avoid humiliation to catherine and Spain. Then he falls in love with Anne Bolin who gives him Elizabeth the 1st, so he decides to divorce catherine without consent. henry severs ties with Catholic church, seizes Church lands, and dissolves _________. this is a reformation, a cleansing of the Church.

Question 18

Talk about the Renaissance

Answer 18

Flowered in england on the ascension of henry the 8th. arriving from italy, the renaissance was a rebirth of letters and art stimulated by the recovery and study of texts from classical antiquity which were stuffed for moral, political, and philosophical truths and for moral values.

Question 19

Talk about Puritanism

Answer 19

There were three different levels, Church and state were closely related, they had no intention of establishing a community based on democratic equality, puritan leaders came from the middle class, they were accustomed to looking down on lower classes,

Question 20

Background on William Bradford

Answer 20

One of the original Dutch/Mayflower pilgrims
Dedicated Of Plymouth Plantation to God’s place in history
Writes in “Plaine Style” to tell “simple truth” (an account of the actions of the new Israelites)
Everything is a sign of God’s hand (Xian millennium)
Takes shape of a “Jeremiad”

Question 21

What work of Thomas Paine’s proved he was a deist, and how?

Answer 21

The age of reason: he says he believes in God, but because every account of people hearing from God is a second-hand account, he does not have to (nor does he) believe it.

Question 22

What work of Ben Franklin proved he was a deist, and how?

Answer 22

“Something of my religion”: believed Jesus was a good man, but not necessarily divine. He believes in God and that He should be worshipped, and that the human soul is immortal.

Question 23

What work of Jeffersons showed he was a deist, and how?

Answer 23

” religion… My views of it…” & “the Jefferson bible”: took out any parts of the bible that had any kind of miracle or thing that could not be proved by science and reason. (A true enlightenment thinker)

Question 24

What is “What is an American?” about?

Answer 24

Well, its written by Crevecoeur. Talks about people moving to America where the land is peaceful and free. Machines and factories don’t own the town, people do. People are moving from Europe to America. They are a new person when they reach America, their social class gets left behind.

Question 25

What is “A Model of Christianity about” about?

Answer 25

A guy named John Winthrop wrote it to start off. Its an instruction manual delivered on the journey (or just before sailing) on how to live in a godly community . Religious, but practical - how to live together. A manifesto: political, economic, religious according to Biblical law. The sermon was the essential literary form for puritans: also a central community event. - acts as a warning - you will be in a new place, away from authority; don’t forget God’s rules. It begins with the doctrine of the elect and predestination. They should be a city on a hill.

Question 26

Talk about Ben franklins autobiography part two

Answer 26

Franklin gets two letters commenting on his autobiography, in them, he is encouraged to keep writing as they will serve as a model for people looking to better their lives. Franklin starts a library but doesn’t take credit for him being the only one to start it. (Franklin is a firm deist). He makes a list of virtues to which he must practice. Order is the one he struggles with the most. He gives up on trying to perfect all these. His writing is concise. He also talks about the issue of humility vs. Pride.

Question 27

Anne Broadstreets the prologue

Answer 27

Writes about what it’s like for a women like her to write poems. She feels like she is not a pro and does not believe God gave her the smarts to make great art. Says critics would rather see her sewing then writing. If she writes great poems men will think she stole them. Tells men not to be threatened by women poets. She’s not trying to be the best, she just wants her work to be acknowledged for its own worth. She’s says she’s happy for the men to let her play the second fiddle as long as they let her play.

Question 28

Talks about The age of reason

Answer 28

Thomas Paine wrote it. Implied that he is a deist. He doesn’t have a problem with other religions, but he doesn’t believe in creeds of the Catholic, Turkish, or Jewish churches. Talks about Thomas the apostle and how he requested proof that Jesus did what he did so he is saying since Thomas got proof, I should get proof also in order for me to believe it. He says let every man follow which stuff (morals) he prefers.

Question 29

Freneau on the religion of nature

Answer 29

Enlightenment principles. Believes you can find true religion on your own. Believes that nature makes us good and evil come from elsewhere.

Question 30

In Defense of a Liberal Education

Answer 30

Believes that one should not be so short minded in thinking that only skills based education is the right way. Try’s to sway readers into realizing that a liberal arts major can be just as promising

Question 31

Sarah Vowell’s “The Wordy Shipmates”. Talk about it

Answer 31

Talks about a model of Christianity. A model of overs titanite is a declaration of dependence. Providence: God gives the Puritans whatever he wants and they better be damn happy/thankful with whatever they get. Protestants live and worship with Calvinism. It talks about Geneva bible and John Calvin. It talks about a mother killing her baby so she can just know that she will go to hell instead and be relieved instead of having to worry about it her whole life. Talks about how he (Winthrop) is a nice guy who is merciful and the reading talks about 9/11. It also talks about background information on Wintrhop.

Question 32

John Smith’s “A General History of Virginia”. Talk bout it

Answer 32

Talks about a council of men and how they chose a president, and captain Smith (Newport) exploring Virginia by sail boat

Question 33

5 myths about the puritans. Name one myth and explain

Answer 33

Okay, one myth is they had a desire for black colored clothing and they never quite seemed to be happy. Obviously this is false, puritans often wore bright colors and celebrated at events, one event was called the harvest festival. They drank and had shooting, sports, and barbecue.m

Question 34

Talk about of Plymouth Plantation

Answer 34

On a sailboat headed to Cape Cod. Some guy is super rude and “gets” a disease. God gave him this disease. They are from New England I think, and Indians would spy on them as they searched for a place to live. They had a war with the Indians which was called “The First Encounter”. Eventually an Indian guy made friends with the English people and he became their interpreter. Year: 1600s. Study his background notes too.

Question 35

Predestination

Answer 35

(Hand of God)
God “saves” those he wishes. Because God is all-knowing, He already knows the final destination of every soul. Although all “deserve” to go to hell because of original sin, God in his mercy has chosen to save a few. However, a person cannot be totally certain of his or her Election, and thus must constantly examine his or her life and motives to see if they show signs of God’s grace.

Question 36

Grace

Answer 36

God’s grace is freely given to the elect but cannot be earned or resisted. A person cannot work their way into heaven
People had to work to act holy and prove they had grace