Quarter 1 Flashcards by Rin Astra

ICT stands for

Information and Communication Technology.

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Positive effects of ICT

Access to instant data, Faster Communication Speed, Reliable Mode of Communication, Effective Sharing of Information, Creation of information for communication, Paperless Environment, Create Employment, Plan and manage, Scope for learning

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Negative effects

Individualistic and introvert, Moral decedent and threats to the society, Health Problems, Unemployment Situation

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facts provided or learned about something or someone

Information

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refer to information that guides behavior in a particular way, to carry out tasks by
prompting what to do and when to do it

INSTRUCTIONS

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messages that give a very straightforward point on what is and what is not
permitted.

COMMANDS

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recommendation to avoid a situation, or for preparation or planning of particular
activities

ADVISORY

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information provided in response to a certain enquiry made

ANSWERS

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refers to information used to look back at a state of a variable over a period of minutes,
hours, days or even years.

HISTORICAL

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enables examination of the current value and indicates any likely change in the future

PREDICTIVE

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process of imparting or exchanging information

Communication

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may be in the form of Formal communication and Informal communication

Verbal communication

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conformsto established professional rules,standards and processes

Formal communication

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casual and unofficial exchange between two or more persons
without rules, processes and formalities.

Informal communication

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achieved through facial expressions, body languages and signs and
symbols.

NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

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How is communication transferred from one group of people to another or from one place to the
next?

accomplish this through the different media of communication

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type of communication wherein the speaker can be physically seen and heard by
the audience

PHYSICAL MEDIA

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type of communication that uses written or electronic channels

MECHANICAL MEDIA

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The dangerous area or hazardous item in the
workplace is not properly labeled, or not labeled at all.

Occupational Health and Safety or OHS

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The dangerous area or hazardous item in the
workplace is not properly labeled, or not labeled at all.

I didn’t see

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Unaware that a certain area or item in
the workplace can be dangerous or harmful.

I didn’t think.

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Unaware of the surroundings and coworkers while working, thereby exposing workplace and
people to danger.

I didn’t know.

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What is the most common accident in an ICT workplace?

Electrocution

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What is the second most common accident in an ICT workplace?

Fire

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it is an electronic device that manipulates information or data.

COMPUTERS

can either be mechanical or electrical. These types of computer process using continuously varying signals

Analog computers

use digital circuits designed to operate on two states, bits 0 and 1 (on and off). They are suitable for complex computations and have higher processing speeds.

Digital computers

Clocks, thermometers and speedometers are all examples

Analog computers

Calculators, digital watches and PS5

Digital computers

Digital computers can be subdivided into two styles namely

Personal Computers (PC) and Macintosh (Mac)

exclusively made by the Apple Company and run only on Macintosh Operating System

Macintosh computers

are made by several companies and most run on the Microsoft Windows Operating System

Personal Computers

combinations of both analog and digital computers and are designed to process varying signals and bits

Hybrid Computers

known for their large size, amount of storage, processing power and high level of reliability. They are primarily used by large organizations requiring high volumes of data processing

Mainframe computers

possess most of the features and capabilities of a mainframe computer, but is smaller in physical size.

Minicomputers

designed to provide services to client machines in a computer network. They allocate resources like memory and time to client machines. They are large in size because they have large processors and many hard drives. are designed to be resistant to crash

Servers

perform at or near the highest operational rate for computers. They have been used for scientific and engineering applications.

Supercomputers

computers with CPU as microprocessors, designed for individual use, and are smaller than mainframe or minicomputers.

Microcomputers

widely popular for daily use in the workplace and households, they are intended to be used on a single location. They are highly customizable and their spare parts are readily available and at relatively lower costs.

Desktops

similar in operation to desktops, they are miniaturized and optimized for mobile use, and they run on single batteries or external adapters that charge computer batteries. Unlike desktops, they are not designed to be customized; “what you buy, is what you get.

Laptops

fall in the category of laptops but they are relatively inexpensive, smaller and have lesser capacities compared to laptops.

Netbooks

handheld computers, they have touch screens and memory cards for data storage, and are able to access the internet through Bluetooth or WIFI.

Personal digital assistants (PDAs)

very handy to use, they come with onscreen keyboards, are internet-ready and most have upgradable operating systems.

Tablets

digital devices that are strapped or carried on a user’s body, mostly designed for health monitoring systems and constant user-computer interaction

Wearable computers

Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some permit hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.

Multi-user

the most important program that runs on a computer

operating system

Supports running a program on more than one CPU.

Multiprocessing

Responds to input instantly

Real time

Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently.

Multithreading

Allows more than one program to run concurrently.

Multitasking

The physical, touchable, electronic and mechanical parts of a computer are called

Hardware

The main part of a microcomputer, sometimes called the chassis. It includes the following parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory Chips, Buses, Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards.

System Unit

internal storage, main memory or memory) is the computer's workingstorage space that holds data, instructions for processing and processed data (information) waiting to be sent to secondary storage.

Primary storage

The main circuit board of a computer. It contains all the circuits and components that run the computer.

Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board

brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all of the instructions and calculations that are needed and manages the flow of information through a computer.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

non-volatile, meaning it holds data even when the power is ON or OFF

Read Only Memory) ROM

volatile, meaning it holds data only when the power is on. When the power is off, contents are lost.

Random Access Memory) RAM

data pathway between several hardware components inside or outside a computer. It does not only connect the parts of the CPU to each other, but also links the CPU with other important hardware.

Expansion Bus

storage device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media. There are three types : Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray Disc (BD).

Optical Drive

is a magnetic storage device that is installed inside the computer. The hard drive is used as permanent storage for data. In a Windows computer, the hard drive is usually configured as the C: drive and contains the operating system and applications.

Hard Disk Drive

Installed in the back corner of the PC case, next to the motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard house power) into DC voltages that are used by other components in the PC

Power Supply Unit (PSU)

Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards) that enable the computer to use a peripheral device for which it does not have the necessary connections or circuit boards. They are often used to permit upgrading to a new different hardware.

Adapters-

What are the input and output devices of a computer?

The devices attached to a personal computer can be classified into two- the input and output devices

composed of a device that accepts data and instructions from the user or from another computer system

Input Device

any piece of computer hardware that displays results after the computer has processed the input data that has been entered.

output device

apparatus for recording computer data in a permanent or semi-permanent form

Storage Device

consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources, exchange files or allow electronic communication

NETWORK

connects larger geographic areas such as a town, a country or even the world. Dedicated transoceanic cabling or satellite uplinks may be used to connect this type of network

WIDE AREA NETWORK

confined to a relatively small area such as a lab, building or school and they are rarely a kilometer apart

LOCAL AREA NETWORK

Computers connected to the file servers are called

workstations

protects a computer network from unauthorized access from the outside or limit access to the outside from internal users.

NETWORK FIREWALL

device that connects a client computer, server, printer or other component to your network.

NETWORK INTERFACE CARD

contraction of two words, MODULATOR and DEMODULATOR, they translate digital signals from a computer to analog signals that can travel into conventional phone lines. It modulates the signals at the sending end and demodulates at the receiving end.

MODEM

simple, inexpensive device that joins multiple computers together. Many network hubs support the Ethernet standard

HUB

device that gathers the signals from devices that are connected to it, and then regenerates a copy of each signal.

ETHERNET SWITCH

device that filters data traffic at a network boundary, they reduce the amount of traffic on LAN by dividing it into two segments.

BRIDGE

small, physical devices that join multiple networks together

ROUTERS