Quantitive Concerns & Measurement Flashcards
EXAM ONE
What is the difference between causation and correlation?
Experiment benefit is causation
Survey benefit is generalization
What are nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio methods of conducting research?
Nominal: variable is measure merely with different categories
Ordinal: variable is measured with rank ordered categories, level of progression
Interval: (most used) variable is measured with successive points on a scale with equal intervals. To classic interval scales are likert (respondents indicate their agreement with a particular statement) and semantic differential (pairs opposite ideas, respondents make ratings between two opposite adjectives)
Ratio: Interval measurement with a true, meaningful zero point
What is the difference between causal and relational hypotheses?
Causal (state causal relationships/connections)
Relational (state mere association between variables)
What is the difference between directional and non directional hypotheses?
Non-directional does not state direction whereas directional states which way the result will be
Ex:
directional: watching violent video games will make a child more aggressive
non-directional: there will be difference in a childs mood after watching a violent video
What is an independent variable? What is a dependent variable?
Independent variable: The cause in cause-effect relationship
Dependent variable: The effect or outcome
What is the difference between reliability and validity? What are the different types?
Reliability: (consitently) the ability of a measure to yield consistent results upon repeated application
Validity: (accurately) the degree to which measurement tool adequately reflects the concept being measured
What are conceptual versus operational definitions?
Conceptual Definition: A working definition of what the concept means for purposes of being studied.
Operational Definition: A definition of how exactly the concept will be measured as a variable in a study.
