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Principles of Imaging III > Quality Management > Flashcards

Quality Management Flashcards

1
Q

Measure of the sensitivity and accuracy by which the image receptor converts the incoming data to the output viewing device.

A

Detective Quantum Efficiency

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2
Q

The measurement of the quantity and quality of the external radiation beam.

A

external beam evaluation

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3
Q

All activities that provide adequate confidence that a radiology service will render consistently high-quality images and services.

A

Quality Assurance

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4
Q

The aspect of quality assurance that monitors technical equipment to maintain superior standards.

A

Quality Control

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5
Q

Focal Spot Estimation

Radiographic Systems

A

Ensures proper spatial resolution

Line pair tool
Star test pattern
Pinhole camera
Slit camera

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6
Q

Half Value Layer

Radiographic Systems

A

2.5 mm Al for 70 kV beam

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7
Q

Collimator
Central Ray
Bucky Tray Accuracy

(Radiographic Systems)

A

2% SID error is allowed between the primary beam & light field size

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8
Q

Distance indicators
centering indicators

(Radiographic Systems)

A

Distance indicators +/- 10%

Centering indicators +/- 2%

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9
Q

Angulator or protractor accuracy

Radiographic Systems

A

Angle +/- 1%

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10
Q

kV Accuracy

Radiographic Systems

A

+/- 5 of control panel setting

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11
Q

Timer Accuracy

Radiographic Systems

A

+/- 5%

time setting

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12
Q

mA/mAs linearity

Radiographic Systems

A

+/- 10% of each mA station

i.e. 50, 100, 200, 300, 400

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13
Q

Exposure Reproducibility

Fluoroscopy

A

+/- 5% mAs/mR of several different exposures of the same exposure factors

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14
Q

Exposure Rate

Fluoroscopy

A

must not exceed 10 mR/min for equipment with ABS (0.1 /min

- ABS may need calibration

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15
Q

Field Size Accuracy & Beam Alignment

Fluoroscopy

A

Should display everything within 1cm of the edge of Image Intensifier

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16
Q

Source-to-skin distance limits

Fluoroscopy

A

Tube target should NOT be closer than 38 cm (15”) stationary
30cm (12”) for mobile

17
Q

Viewing System Resolution

Fluoroscopy

A

Fluoroscopy mesh tool

18
Q

Viewing System Contrast

Fluoroscopy

A

Test tool - two plates of aluminum with 1-7 mm holes drilled into one plate
Plates are put together and viewed with fluoroscope - low contrast based on being able to see the smallest visible hole

19
Q

Image Display System

Fluoroscopy

A

Fluoroscopic mesh test tool or resolution test tool

20
Q

Automatic Brightness Control

A

Computerized Dosimeter is used to measure exposure after the beam passes through a phantom
- Phantom thickness reduced to 1/2 and exposed again

21
Q

Ion Chamber Sensitivity

AEC

A

produce an image of ion chamber using low kV
- use lead to block all but one chamber (test each)
All - chambers should respond to +/- 10% of each otherif not, recalibration of generator AEC circuitry

22
Q

IR exposure variation control accuracy

AEC

A

Measures density differences
computerized dosimeter measures the mR/mAs to verify the intensity differences of each control
(-3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3)

23
Q

Back-up timer verification

AEC

A
  • Lead plate over AEC chamber & make exposure
  • back-up timer should terminate the exposure with an audible & visual warning
  • 6 seconds or 600 mAs
24
Q

LUMINANCE

A

The intensity of light emitted from a surface in any given direction

higher maximum luminance is preferred for medical images (300 - 600 cd/m2)

25
Q

SMPTE

A

Society of Motion Picture & Television Engineers

26
Q

AAPM TG 18

A

American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group Report 18

27
Q

geometric distortion

A

display image is geometrically different original image

28
Q

reflection

A

luminance is the light generated by device itself…however ambient light plays a role to light reflected

29
Q

specular reflection

A

generation of mirror images of light sources surrounding the monitor

30
Q

diffuse reflection

A

light is randomly scattered on the digital display device

31
Q

luminance response

A

Digital images are stored as an array of pixel values…these pixels are gray-scale values and sent to display as presentation values (p values)

32
Q

display resolution

A

quantitative measure of the ability to a display system to produce separate images of different points of an object with high fidelity -
(resolution is…ability of a system to image two separate object and visually distinguish one from another)

33
Q

Display noise

A

High-frequency fluctuations (pixel starvation) can interfere with true signal and is called noise. (quantum mottle).

34
Q
  • Clean computer keyboard and mouse
  • Clean display screen
  • Clean air intakes of imaging plate reader (or PC’s)
  • Clean & inspect receptors
A

Weekly QC Duties for R.T.’s

35
Q
  • Inspect laser printer
  • Verify digital interfaces & network transmission
  • Erase imaging plates (for CR systems)
  • Inspect hinges & latches (CR system) and/or detectors and grid
  • Inspect and clean IR/detector
A

Daily QC Duties for R.T.’s

36
Q
  • Reject analysis (may reveal imaging system problems or technologist skill issues)
  • Reject reasons
  • Problem reporting
  • Artifact identification
  • Clean imaging plates
  • Equipment malfunction errors
  • Marker errors
  • Positioning errors
A

Monthly QC Duties for R.T.’s

Principles of Imaging III (1 decks)

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