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internship > quality control - clinical chemistry > Flashcards

quality control - clinical chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

closeness of the result to the true value

A

accuracy

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2
Q

the goal of good quality control program

A

results within narrow, useable and acceptable limits

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3
Q

ensures precision and accuracy of the quantitation in clinical chemistry

A

quality control

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4
Q

ability of repeated test results to be close to each other; closeness of one test result to another

A

precision

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5
Q

ability to determine particular substance

A

specificity

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6
Q

ability to detect and measure the smallest measurement of a substance and used to determine the significant deviation

A

sensitivity

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7
Q

formula for sensitivity

A

+/- x 100

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8
Q

to be able to easily repeat the result

A

practicability

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9
Q

maintain the precision and accuracy of the test results after different variations

A

reliability

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10
Q

quality control in a certain laboratory to check if day to day performance deviates from the standard

A

intralaboratory

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11
Q

several laboratories must yield the same test results

A

interlaboratory

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12
Q

characteristics of serum to be pooled

A 
clear
nonhemolyzed
nonlipemic
nonicteric
undyed
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13
Q

examples of commercially prepared control

A

Versatrol
Labtrol
Enzatrol
Manitrol

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14
Q

examples of non-commercially prepared controls

A

Fasting human donor
Left over sera
Animal blood
Blood bank plasma (expired)

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15
Q

sum of data divided by total number of data

A

mean

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16
Q

percentile expression of mean which shows relative magnitude variability

A

CV

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17
Q

random variation; measures the distribution of range values around the mean

A

SD

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18
Q

variability and shows significant differences of groups of data

A

variance

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19
Q

premise the allowable error

A

tonks formula

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20
Q

causes of trend

A

deterioration of reagents
changes on the concentration of standard
incomplete protein precipitation

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21
Q

causes of shift

A

deterioration of standard but constant level
newly made standard but at low concentration
reagent has shifted therefore new level of sensitivity

22
Q

six or more consecutive control values going up or down the mean

A

trend

23
Q

six or more consecutive control values on the same side of the mean; abrupt changes

A

shift

24
Q

values are far from the main set of values

A

outliers

25
Q

outlier is rejected when

A

2 or more outliers in 20 days

26
Q

when to accept outliers

A

if 1 outlier in 20 days

27
Q

correction in random error

A

reassay using the same reagent

28
Q

causes of random error

A

mislabeling of sample
mixing of sample and reagent
pipetting errors
temp and voltage fluctuation

29
Q

types of systematic error

A

aging phenomenon

personal bias

30
Q

causes of systematic error

A 
improper calibration
deteriorate reagents
sample instability (unstable sample)
instrument drift
changes in standard material
31
Q

correction of systematic error

A

prepare new control
restandardize assay
check the wavelength
prepare new reagents

32
Q

what are clerical errors

A

wrong punching, calculations

33
Q

evaluating the reliability of laboratory results

A

proficiency survey

34
Q

when DOP does not offer such test for a specimen, this will be sent to Hi-Precision

A

send-out specimens

35
Q

abrupt changes in referrals:

A

changes in the previous result

changes in the normal values (mean becomes increased or decreased)

36
Q

T/F: always prioritize emergency and icu ward’s specimens first

A

T

37
Q

Do not render send-out specimens such as: _______ and _______

A

ionized calcium and lipase

38
Q

should you centrifuge serum specimens?

A

no to avoid hemolysis

39
Q

who to inform when TDM is requested?

A

pre-analytic staff for this patient may be taking lithium or valproic acid

40
Q

if TDM is encountered, what should we take note?

A

ask for:
time and date of extraction
dosage of drugs
time when was the drug taken

41
Q

A1 in intern’s designation is responsible for

A

pre-analytic analysis (bali they ensure if the specimen could be used if not edi reject)

42
Q

A2 in intern’s designation is responsible for

A

analytic receptionist

43
Q

who to inform when troponin I, iron studies and such are requested?

A

inform the staff on duty

44
Q

if test request have both send-out request and chemistry request from the lab, who to inform?

A

staff on duty

45
Q

B intern is responsible for?

A

incharge of TAT logging (turn around time)

46
Q

if missing entries are found in the TAT, who to inform?

A

staff on duty

47
Q

C intern is incharge of?

A

result warderer

48
Q

when to ask for staff on duty for his/her sign? how about resident on duty?

A

if results are correct - for staff on duty

if troponin or referrals are already added from the logbooks - resident on duty

49
Q

Intern E is assigned as:

A

in the immunology section

50
Q

T/F: in the morning chemistry staff is available while during the night, immunology staff is available

A

F since chemistry is available during the night time since immunology staff are only available during day time

51
Q

principles used by VITROS 5, 1 MACHINE

A

potentiometric, colorimetric, turbidimetric, immunorate

52
Q

VITROS 3600 in immunology

A

enhanced chemiluminescence using microwell technology

internship (2 decks)

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