Quality Flashcards
Difference between cost of conformance and non-conformance
Cost of Conformance- Putiing measures in place and running a quality system.
Cost of non-conformance- errors, waste and warranty claims.
Ultimately although cost of conformance is higher at first, in the long run cost of non-conformance is much higher.
Product Life cycle- stages and examples
Introductory stage-3D tv
Growth stage-BLue Ray
Mature stage-DVD
Decline stage-Video Cassette
Product Life cycle-Introductory
- Expensive
- Small Market
- Minimal profits
Product Life cycle-Growth
- Successful product
- Mass market
- High demand
- Still expensive
Product Life cycle-Mature
- Initial buzz dies down
- Sales and profit stabilise
- Competing products enter market
- Prices fall
Product Life cycle-Decline
- Sales and Profit decrease
- Product becomes obsolete
- Better products on the market
- Market shrinks
Quality and Market share
premium products
Premium quality products have:
- Large market shares
- Early entrants to their market
- Charge premium prices for their products
- Can reduce profit due to increased costs. Increased market share will generally cancel this out.
State pareto principle
80% of the problems with any process are due to 20% of the causes.
Why is statistical process control carried out?
It ensures the product produced meets the specifications. It is the process of inspecting enough product from given lots to probabilistically ensure a specified quality level.
Design for environmental manufacturing
- Non toxic processes and production materials
- Minimum energy used
- Minimizes emissions, waste, scrap, by-products
Design for environmental packaging
- Minimum packaging materials used.
- Reusable pallets and packaging used
- Recyclable and biodegradable materials
Design for environmental disposal and recyclability
- Components and assemblies reused
- Reusable materials selected ( thermoplastics instead of thermosettingplastics)
- Less toxic materials used
- Filler materials avoided (eg. fibre glass, graphite)
- Minimum of different types/colours of materials used so can be seperated.and reused.
- Designed for serviceability to minimize disposal of non-working products.
Discuss product matrix
The relationship between volume levels and standardisation of a product and its manufacturing process
Four types of product matrix
Projects- take long time, large investment in resources, one item to customer order.
Batch production- Produced in batches, low volume, demand fluctuates.
Mass production- Large volume, standard product, demand stable and high.
Continuous production- High volume, highly standardised, highly automated systems
How to achieve good team dynamics
Team leader chosen
Each person has a role and responsibility
Goals and objectives established
Agenda established
Method to reach an agreement as a team established
Ground rules established
Time shouldnt be wasted getting started
