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Chemistry -PAPER 2 > Qualitative Analysis (Test For Different Ions) > Flashcards

Qualitative Analysis (Test For Different Ions) Flashcards

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1
Q

What test can you use to identify different metal cations?

A

Flame test

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2
Q

What cation produces a red flame?

A

Lithium

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3
Q

What cation produces a yellow flame?

A

Sodium

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4
Q

What cation produces a lilac flame?

A

Potassium

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5
Q

What cation produces a orange-red flame?

A

Calcium

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6
Q

What cation produces a blue-green flame?

A

Copper

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7
Q

What can flame photometer improve?

A

Sensitivity (they can detect smaller amounts)
Accuracy (give values closer to the true values)
Speed

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8
Q

How do you test for metal ions?

A

Precipitation reactions
Add a few drops at a time of dilute sodium hydroxide solution to the test solution
Different metal ions produce different coloured precipitates

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9
Q

What precipitate colour would Iron (11) show?

A

Green

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10
Q

What precipitate colour would Iron (111) show?

A

Brown

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11
Q

What precipitate colour would Copper show?

A

Blue

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12
Q

What precipitate colour would Calcium show?

A

White

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13
Q

What precipitate colour would Aluminium show?

A

White

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14
Q

Because aluminium and allium both produce a white precipitate, how do you distinguish between the two?

A

Aluminium hydroxide forms a colourless solution over time when excess sodium hydroxide is added but calcium doesn’t

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15
Q

How do you test for ammonium ions?

A

Add sodium hydroxide solution and gently warm

Hold damp red litmus paper over solution. If ammonia is present/produced, the paper will turn blue.

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16
Q

How do you test for Carbonates?

A

Add dilute acid
If carbonate is present, there will be bubbles of C02
Test this gas using limewater

17
Q

How do you test for sulfate ions?

A

Add dilute HCL (removes any carbonate)
Add a few drops of BaCl2 (Barium chloride)
If sulfate is present, a white precipitate of BaCl2 will form

18
Q

How do you test for Halide ions?

A

Add a few drops of nitric acid
Add a few drops of silver nitrate
Record the colour of precipitate formed

19
Q

What colour will the precipitate be if chloride is present?

A

White

20
Q

What colour will the precipitate be if bromide is present?

A

Cream

21
Q

What colour will the precipitate be if Iodide is present?

A

Yellow

Chemistry -PAPER 2 (12 decks)

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