qualitative analysis

Question 1

Organic synthesis
Alcohols

Answer 1

Primary alcohols

Primary - Carboxylic Acid (reflux + ac potassium dichromate)
Primary - Aldehyde (distill and ac potassium dichromate)

Secondary - ketone (reflux and ac potassium dichromate)

Question 2

Synthetic Routes

Answer 2

Alkene - Alcohol (steam and acid catalyst)
Alcohol - Alkene (conc H2SO4)

Alkene - Alkane (H2 nickel catalyst)
Alkane - Haloalkane (halogen + uv)

Alkene - Haloalkane (hydrogen halide)

Haloalkane - alcohol (NaOH reflux)
Alcohol - Haloalkane (Sodium halide + H2SO4)

Question 3

Purifying organic products

Answer 3

1. Ensure tap of seperating funnel is closed
2. Pour mixture of liquids into separating funnel, place a stopper in top of funnel, invert to mix contents
3. Allow layers to settle
4. Add water to see which layer increase in volume, which is aqueous layer
5. Place conical flask under funnel, and remove stopper, and open tap, until whole lower layer has left the funnel