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Chemistry 2022 > qualitative analysis > Flashcards

qualitative analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

sodium hydroxide
no ppt formed
on heating gas evolved turns moist red paper blue

A

NH4+
Ammonium

Gas evolved is ammonia

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2
Q

sodium hydroxide
white ppt formed, insoluble in excess

ammonia
no ppt

A

Ca2+
Calcium

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3
Q

sodium hydroxide
white ppt formed, soluble in excess to form colourless solution

ammonia
white ppt formed, insoluble in excess

A

Al3+

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4
Q

sodium hydroxide
white ppt formed, soluble in excess

ammonia
white ppt formed, insoluble in ecess

A

Pb+

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5
Q

sodium hydroxide
white ppt formed, soluble in excess

ammonia
white ppt formed, soluble in excess

A

Zn2+

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6
Q

sodium hydroxide
light blue ppt formed, insoluble in excess

ammonia
blue ppt formed, soluble in excess to form dark blue solution

A

Cu2+

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7
Q

sodium hydroxide
green ppt formed, insoluble in excess

ammonia
green ppt formed, insoluble in excess

A

Fe2+

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8
Q

sodium hydroxide
reddish brown ppt formed, insoluble in excess

ammonia
reddish-brown ppt formed, insoluble in excess

A

Fe3+

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9
Q

Sodium Hydroxide
no visible reaction

ammonia
no visible reaction

A

Na+
K+

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10
Q

Test for carbonate
CO3 2-

A

add dilute hydrochloric acid
pass the gas evolved into limewater (calcium hydroxide)

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11
Q

Observation for carbonate

A

Effervescence is observed. the gas evolved forms a white ppt with lime water

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12
Q

test for chloride
Cl-

A

add dilute nitric acid then add aqueous silver nitrate

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13
Q

observation for chloride

A

a white ppt formed, insoluble in dilute HNO3

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14
Q

test for iodide
I-

A

add dilute nitric acid then add aqueous silver nitrate

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15
Q

observations for iodide

A

a yellowppt formed, insoluble in diluteHNO3

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16
Q

test for nitrate
NO3-

A

add aq sodium hydroxide, then add aluminium foil. heat the mixture and test the gas evolved with moist red litmus paper

17
Q

observations for nitrate

A

colorless gas evolved turns moist red litmu paper blue.
gas is ammonia

18
Q

test for sulfate
SO4 2-

A

i) add nitric acid then add aq barium nitrate

or

ii) add hydrochloric acid then add aqueous barium chloride

19
Q

observations for sulfate

A

i) a white ppt formed, insoluble in dilute HNO3-

ii) a white ppt formed, insoluble in dilute HCL

20
Q

solubility of SPA salts

A

all spa salts - sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are soluble

21
Q

solubility of carbonate

A

all carbonates are insoluble EXCEPT for SPA carbonates

22
Q

solubility of nitrates

A

all nitrates are soluble

23
Q

solubility of chlorides

A

all chlorides are soluble except for LS
- Lead (II) chloride
- Silver chloride

24
Q

solubility of sulfates

A

all sulfates are soluble except for CLB
- Calcium sulfate
- lead (II) sulfate
- barium sulfate

25
Q

solubility of iodides

A

all iodides are soluble except for
- Lead (II) iodide
- Silver iodide

26
Q

Hydrogen
Colour and odour
Test
Observation

A

Colourless and odourless
Place a lighted splint into the gas
Lighted splint extinguishes with a ‘pop’ sound

27
Q

Oxygen
Colour and odour
Test
Observation

A

colourless and odourless
Place a glowing splint into the gas
Glowng splint reignites

28
Q

Carbon dioxide
Colour and odour
Test
Observation

A

colourless and odourless
pass the gas into lime water(calcium hydroxide)
gas evolved forms a white ppt w limewater

29
Q

chlorine
Colour and odour
Test
Observation

A

greenish-yellow gas w a pungent smell
use a piece of moist blue litmus paper
moist blue litmus paper turns red, then bleached (white)

30
Q

sulfur dioxide
Colour and odour
Test
Observation

A

colourless with a pungent smell
i) pass the gas into acidified potassium manganate (VII)
ii) use a piece of moist blue litmus paper

i) the purple acidified potassium manganate (VII) decolourises
ii)moist blue litmus paper turns red

31
Q

ammonia
Colour and odour
Test
Observation

A

colourless gas with a pungent smell

i) use a piece of moist red litmus paper
ii)with hydrogen chloride

i)moist red litmu paper turns blue
ii) white smoke is observed

32
Q

water vapour
Colour and odour
Test
Observation

A

colourless, odourless
(condenses on the cooler part of the test tube)

i)use anyhydrous copper (II) sulfate
ii)use cobalt (II) chloride paper

i) anhydrous copper(II) sulfate changes from white to blue
ii) cobalt (II) chloride paper changes from blue to pink

Chemistry 2022 (3 decks)

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