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Beginning Research > Qualitative > Flashcards

Qualitative Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of qualitative data?

A

Answer questions about experiences, meaning and perspective from the standpoint of the participant

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2
Q

What are the different things qualitative data can help us understand?

A

Condition
Experience
Event
Attitudes
Behaviours

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3
Q

What is phenomenology?

A

Explores the central, underlying meaning of an experience or phenomenon from the individuals experience

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4
Q

What is ethnography?

A

To develop a rich, thick description that allows a deeper understanding of experiences within a particular group

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5
Q

What is narrative research?

A

To collect and analyse peoples accounts to describe their experiences and retell their story

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6
Q

What are case studies?

A

To collect data about a specific phenomenon within its real-life context

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7
Q

What is grounded theory?

A

Data is systematically collected and analysed to try and understand social processes
Developing a theory

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8
Q

What is the sample sizes range?

A

2 - 20+

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9
Q

What is data saturation?

A

Point in the research process when no new information is discovered. Signals that the data collecting can stop

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10
Q

What is non-probability sampling?

A

DOES NOT involve random selection, are recruited based off of accessibility and convenience

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11
Q

What type of sampling do we use in qualitative research?

A

Non-probibility

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12
Q

What are the 5 examples of non-probability sampling?

A

Convenience
Volunteer
Snowball
Quota
Purposive

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13
Q

What is convenience sampling?

A

Where the researcher gather participants based off whoever they can find in a particular location

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14
Q

What are the strengths of convenience sampling?
What are the limitations

A

East, no cost
Geographical bias, may miss hard to reach individuals

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15
Q

What is volunteer sampling?

A

People volunteer to take part by contacting the researcher after seeing an advert

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16
Q

What are the strengths and limitations of volunteer sampling?

A

East, minimal effort
Bias as the people who volunteer are likely going to be interested in the topic

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17
Q

What is snowball sampling?

A

Participants are recruited through other participants by referring

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18
Q

What are the strengths to snowball sampling?

A

Can access hard to reach participants
Useful when the searcher does not have the contact details of potential participants

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19
Q

What is quota sampling?

A

Choose a sample according to specific traits or demographics that reflect the make up of the population

20
Q

What are the strengths of quota sampling?

A

Allows representation of sub-groups

21
Q

What is purposive sampling?

A

Chooses participant that are relevant to the particular phenomenon their researching

22
Q

What are the strengths of purposive sampling?

A

Attempts to create a representative sample of a certain group

23
Q

What are some NO-NOs in research?

A

Lack of consent
Lack of confidentiality
Forced participation
Deception

24
Q

What are the 5 data collection methods?

A

Interviews, focus groups, participant observations, content analysis and photography, poetry and art

25
Q

What is an interview?

A

Conversation with a purpose. Flexible and adaptable

26
Q

What is an un- structured interview?

A

One or two main issues are covered in great depth
More questions are based on what the participants says

27
Q

What is a semi - structured interview?

A

Open ended questions

28
Q

What are focus groups?

A

Participants can interact and re-evaluate their own understandings

29
Q

What are some strengths and limitations of focus groups/

A

Can interview a number of people together, can observe interactions
Make sure everyone can speak within the group, the influence they will have on each other

30
Q

What are observations?

A

Gathering data by watching people or events. Can be overt (they know) or covert (they don’t know)Can be participant or non-participant

31
Q

What is the difference between complete participant and participant as observer observations?

A

The researcher fully engages with the participants however in complete, the participants DO NOT know they are a researcher

32
Q

What are some strengths and limitations of observations?

A

Catch them in natural context, little equipment
Researcher has to be experienced, ethics and time consuming

33
Q

What is content analysis?

A

Determines the presence of certain words, themes or concepts within qualitative data

34
Q

What is inductive qualitative analysis?

A

Starts with a clean slate, data driven

35
Q

What is deductive qualitative research?

A

Starts with pre-determined themes

36
Q

When are focus groups recommended?

A

When you want to gain multiple perspectives from a large group

37
Q

When are one-to-one interviews recommended?

A

When you want to gain a deeper understanding of the participants thought processes

38
Q

What are the 2 things you NEED before an interview?

A

Participant informed sheet
Participant agreement form

39
Q

What is data handling?

A

Ensuring data is stored, archived and disposed of in a safe and secure manner during and after a research project

40
Q

What is a theme?

A

A group of codes that identify patterns. Can identify similarities and differences across many transcripta

41
Q

What are the 6 phases of thematic analysis

A

Become familiar with the data
Generate initial codes
Search for themes
Review themes
Define themes
Write up

42
Q

What is the new updated guide ?

A

Familiarisation of data
Generate initial codes
Generate initial themes
Reviewing themes
Defining and naming themes
Write up

43
Q

What is reflexivity?

A

idea of being aware of your own values, ideas and biases

44
Q

When is qualitative research valid and reliable?

A

When it accurately represents the experiences of the study (trustworthiness)

45
Q

What is not a criticism of qualitative research?

A

Approach is too rigid and inflexible

Beginning Research (2 decks)

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