QUADRAT SAMPLING

Question 1

estimate of species abundance and diversity, determine how many species coexist and elucidate the processes that govern this coexistence of species

Answer 1

COMMUNITY ECOLOGY

Question 2

number of different kinds of organisms
present in an area

Answer 2

SPECIES RICHNESS

Question 3

measure of the relative abundance of
the different species making up the richness of an area

Answer 3

SPECIES EVENNESS

Question 4

(TRUE/ FALSE) more species indicate a richer environment

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

aim to describe general properties of communities that allow us to compare different regions, taxa, and trophic levels (Morris et al., 2014)

Answer 5

BIODIVERSITY INDICES

Question 6

SIMPSON’S DIVERSITY INDEX FORMULA

Answer 6

D = 1 - (((Σ n(n-1))/(N(N-1)))

where n = total number of organisms of a particular species
N = total number of organisms of ALL species

Question 7

PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY FORMULA

Answer 7

% frequency = (number of quadrats in which the species is found)/ total number of quadrats

Question 8

COMMUNITY DOMINANCE INDEX (CDI) FORMULA

Answer 8

CDI = ((n1 + n2)/(n)) x 100

where n = total number of species in the study area
n1 = number of individuals of the most abundant species in the study area
n2 = number of individuals of the second most abundant species in the study area

Question 9

influenced by natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow

Answer 9

GENETIC DIVERSITY

Question 10

influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors

Answer 10

SPECIES DIVERSITY

Question 11

calculate a measure of diversity, taking into account the number of something as well as its abundance

Answer 11

SIMPSON’S DIVERSITY INDEX

Question 12

probability that a species will be found within a single quadrat

Answer 12

PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY

Question 13

measures the proportion of two most abundant species in a community

Answer 13

COMMUNITY DOMINANCE INDEX

Question 14

composition of the community

Answer 14

RELATIVE ABUNDANCE

Question 15

the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem; usually expressed
by the number of species (i.e., species richness) in that ecosystem

Answer 15

ALPHA DIVERSITY

Question 16

a comparison of of diversity between ecosystems, usually measured as the amount of species change between the ecosystems

Answer 16

BETA DIVERSITY

Question 17

a measure of the overall diversity within a large region. Geographic-
scale species diversity according to Hunter

Answer 17

GAMMA DIVERSITY

Question 18

(TRUE/FALSE) As species richness and evenness increase, so diversity increases.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

(TRUE/FALSE) Simpson’s Diversity Index (D) is a measure of diversity which takes into account both richness and evenness.

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

Why would we use Simpson’s Diversity Index?

Answer 20

for large quantities of data and considering the level of diversity within the data is not easy to interpret

Question 21

(TRUE/FALSE) In Simpson’s Diversity Index, 1 represents no diversity.

Answer 21

FALSE (1 indicates infinite diversity and 0 indicates no diversity)

Question 22

2 ways of describing the amount of each species within a frame quadrat

Answer 22

PERCENTAGE COVER AND LOCAL FREQUENCY

Question 23

The proportion of any given species within the entire community.

Answer 23

RELATIVE ABUNDANCE

Question 24

(TRUE/FALSE) The lower the value of CDI, the higher the diversity.

Answer 24

TRUE