QUADRAT SAMPLING Flashcards
estimate of species abundance and diversity, determine how many species coexist and elucidate the processes that govern this coexistence of species
COMMUNITY ECOLOGY
number of different kinds of organisms
present in an area
SPECIES RICHNESS
measure of the relative abundance of
the different species making up the richness of an area
SPECIES EVENNESS
(TRUE/ FALSE) more species indicate a richer environment
TRUE
aim to describe general properties of communities that allow us to compare different regions, taxa, and trophic levels (Morris et al., 2014)
BIODIVERSITY INDICES
SIMPSON’S DIVERSITY INDEX FORMULA
D = 1 - (((Σ n(n-1))/(N(N-1)))
where n = total number of organisms of a particular species
N = total number of organisms of ALL species
PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY FORMULA
% frequency = (number of quadrats in which the species is found)/ total number of quadrats
COMMUNITY DOMINANCE INDEX (CDI) FORMULA
CDI = ((n1 + n2)/(n)) x 100
where n = total number of species in the study area
n1 = number of individuals of the most abundant species in the study area
n2 = number of individuals of the second most abundant species in the study area
influenced by natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow
GENETIC DIVERSITY
influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors
SPECIES DIVERSITY
calculate a measure of diversity, taking into account the number of something as well as its abundance
SIMPSON’S DIVERSITY INDEX
probability that a species will be found within a single quadrat
PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
measures the proportion of two most abundant species in a community
COMMUNITY DOMINANCE INDEX
composition of the community
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE
the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem; usually expressed
by the number of species (i.e., species richness) in that ecosystem
ALPHA DIVERSITY
a comparison of of diversity between ecosystems, usually measured as the amount of species change between the ecosystems
BETA DIVERSITY
a measure of the overall diversity within a large region. Geographic-
scale species diversity according to Hunter
GAMMA DIVERSITY
(TRUE/FALSE) As species richness and evenness increase, so diversity increases.
TRUE
(TRUE/FALSE) Simpson’s Diversity Index (D) is a measure of diversity which takes into account both richness and evenness.
TRUE
Why would we use Simpson’s Diversity Index?
for large quantities of data and considering the level of diversity within the data is not easy to interpret
(TRUE/FALSE) In Simpson’s Diversity Index, 1 represents no diversity.
FALSE (1 indicates infinite diversity and 0 indicates no diversity)
2 ways of describing the amount of each species within a frame quadrat
PERCENTAGE COVER AND LOCAL FREQUENCY
The proportion of any given species within the entire community.
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE
(TRUE/FALSE) The lower the value of CDI, the higher the diversity.
TRUE
