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Therio Midterm Qs > Qs > Flashcards

Qs Flashcards

1
Q

Minimum bovine sperm motility

A

30%

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2
Q

Minimum bovine sperm morphology

A

70%

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3
Q

What will determine when a cow gets pregnant?

A

Length of VWP
Conception rate
Estrus detection rate

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4
Q

At 50% estrus detection rate, what give higher pregnancy rate: Ovsynch or two PGF2alpha?

A

Ovsynch

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5
Q

What hormone lyses CL?

A

PGF2alpha

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6
Q

What can bull scrotal circumference indicate?

A

Earlier puberty in offspring
Higher sperm count
Daughters with more active ovaries (in litter-bearing animals)

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7
Q

What is the most common type of ovarian tumor in cows?

A

Granulosa cell tumor

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8
Q

What is the treatment for granulosa cell tumor?

A

surgery

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9
Q

What is early stage treatment for equine paraphimosis?

A 
Replace in preputial cavity
Hydrotherapy
Local ointments
Antibiotics
NSAIDs
Massage
Allow horse to exercise
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10
Q

Total sperm number =

A

concentration (sperm/mL) x volume (mL)

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11
Q

Minimum sperm to pass equine BSE

A

1 billion progressively motile, morphologically normal sperm

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12
Q

Black looking stain for equine sperm

A

Eosin-nigrosin

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13
Q

Primary sperm abnormalities in horse

A

involve seminiferous tubule

Secondary sperm abnormalities happen in epidiymis

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14
Q

Do we measure scrotal circumference in horses?

A

no

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15
Q

In horses, what correlates with sperm production?

A

Scrotal width

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16
Q

Most important factor affecting pregnancy rate

A

Breeding management

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17
Q

What hormone is secreted from dominant follicles in mare?

A

Estrogen

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18
Q

What hormone causes luteolysis? Where is it secreted from?

A

Prostaglandin from endometrium

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19
Q

What are two signs of estrus in mare?

A

Follicle around 45mm

Uterine edema

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20
Q

Breed as close to ovulation as possible

A

Yep

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21
Q

At what days can you diagnose twins in horse with ultrasound?

A

Day 13-15

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22
Q

At what day can you hear embryonic heartbeat in horse?

A

Day 24

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23
Q

How to manage twin pregnancy at day 13-15?

A

Manual embryo crush (90% success)

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24
Q

What forms secondary to corpus lutea?

A

Endometrial cups

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25
Q

How to differentiate pregnant uterus from bladder?

A

Palpate back to closed cervix

26
Q

Palpating a mare at 150 days: You will NOT feel what?

A

Membrane slip

27
Q

Accessory sex gland in bull with bi-lobed character?

A

Seminal vesicles

28
Q

Loss of bi-lobed character of seminal vesicle in bull

A

abnormal

29
Q

What is NOT a cause of bovine anestrus?

A

Retained placenta

Uterine prolapse

30
Q

What are causes of bovine anestrus?

A

Pyometra
Presence of suckling calf
pregnancy
negative energy balance

31
Q

What is the recommended treatment of cystic follicular degeneration in cattle?

A

100mcg GnRH
Timed insemination with Ovsynch
GnRH followed by PGF2alpha 7-10days later
Exogenous progesterone from CIDR

32
Q

What is not an effective treatment strategy for bovine pyometra?

A

Exogenous PGE

PGF2alpha is the treatment

33
Q

What do you retract in bovine palpations?

A

Ventral intercornual ligament

34
Q

What is the accessory sex gland in the bull that is most commonly affected by infectious/inflammatory disease?

A

Seminal vesicle

35
Q

The efficacy of estrus detection can be monitored using what?

A

Determination of heat detection index

36
Q

The primary sign of estrus in cow

A

Standing to be mounted

37
Q

Aborted fetus is size of rat. What stage of gestation?

A

3 months

38
Q

How can you differentiate an early pregnancy from pyometra, hydrometra, or mucometra?

A

Fetal membrane slip

39
Q

The accuracy of estrus detection can be monitored using what?

A

Determination of progesterone concentrations in milk or blood

40
Q

Retention of bovine fetal membranes is NOT associated with which condition?

A

Hydrops amnii

41
Q

You determine cows are pregnant but client says they were in estrus today. What is the next step?

A

Re-examine these cows to determine their pregnancy status

42
Q

What stage is fetal mummification most common in cows?

A

2nd trimester

43
Q

Is the cow systemically ill with pyometra?

A

no

44
Q

What condition affecting prepuce/penis of bull is NOT a congential abnormality?

A

Preputial detachment

45
Q

Hematoma of penis usually caused by what?

A

Tearing of tunica albuginea during erection

46
Q

Where does the tear happen in penile hematoma in bull?

A

Near the distal curve of the sigoid flexure of the penis

47
Q

Do eCG levels decline in the case of fetal death?

A

No

48
Q

What hormone is produced by endometrial cups?

A

eCG

49
Q

During pregnancy, what also secretes progesterone?

A

Accessory corpora lutea

50
Q

What day are you able to identify genital tubercle in horse?

A

60-70

51
Q

Fetal sexing cannot be done before what day?

A

50

52
Q

What is ultrasound used for in pregnant mares?

A

Monitoring the CTUP
Measuring fetal orbit to determine length of gestation
Monitoring fetal activity and evidence of stress
Determining the presence of twin conceptus at any stage of gestation

53
Q

Equine semen maintains viability and the ability to fertilize an egg for up to ____ hours when stores at 5 degrees C

A

48

54
Q

What timed AI protocol with frozen equine semen results with highest preg rate?

A

Ovulatory agent - 24 hours later TAI - second AI at 40 hours

Mare must have 35mm follicle

55
Q

What does the routine BSE of mare NOT include?

A

Taking blood samples for CBC and chemistry

56
Q

Relaxed, wide cervix and flattened, edematous uterus in mare is characteristic of what stage of estrous cycle?

A

Estrus

57
Q

Which structure CANNOT be accurately detected using transrectal ultrasonography?

A

Consistency of ovarian follice

58
Q

Where to take swabs from to determine bacterial infections in stallion?

A 
Fossa glandis
Body of penis
Prepuce
pre-ejaculatory urethra
Post-ejaculatory urethra
semen
59
Q

T/F: Breeding soundess evalution in the stallion determines exact stallion fertility

A

false

60
Q

Where is the tail of the epididymis located in stallion?

A

Caudally

61
Q

A stallion characterized as satisfactory breeding prospect should be able to

A

get a minimum of 60% pregnancy rate per season of 40 mares by natural service and 120 mares by AI

Therio Midterm Qs (1 decks)

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