Qs Flashcards
What does femoral nerve do?
Hip flexion
All of the following cause visceral pain EXCEPT
heat
Which of the following does NOT have somatic motor innervation?
lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
What does lateral femoral cutaneous not have?
Somatic motor
is ONLY sensory
What does obturator not have?
Parasympathetic
All of the following nerves imerge from the psoas major EXCEPT?
obturator
(iliogastric, femoral, and ilio-inguinal do)
All of the following relationships are correct except
stomach and mesentery
stomach does have a mesentery, but it is not refered to as just mesentery (this is found with the intestines)
What is the ligament teres is a remnant of?
umbilical vein
How many rings does indirect inguinal hernia go through?
3
What is in normally fucntioning adult that is left over from embryonic development?
Lateral umbilical ligament
(T/F) Superior epigastric run on superior portion of rectus abdominus
false
Layers of skin to DEEP
what is not result from parasympathetic?
retention of urine and feces
Which don’t have mesentery?
Kidney
Which is not 2 ̊ retroperitoneal
Aorta
Gas bubble in standing adult?
Fundus
Which not branch of celiac?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
comes from superior mesenteric
The celiac trunk supplies all of the following EXCEPT
appendix
suppiles liver pancreas and gallbladder
(T/F)Right renal vein crosses anterior to aorta
false
Which don’t drain into IVC?
Portal Vein
goes into the liver
The superior mesenteric vein and which of the following join to form the portal vein?
splenic vein
All of the following relationships are correct except (#2)
falciform ligament: obliterated umbilical vein
What point visceral pain axons slit forms sympathetic motor nerves?
juction of ventral and dorsal root
Sympathetics inhibit internal urinary sphincter
false
para inhibts!!!! (cause it to relax)
Preferred method of entry into lesser sac?
Epiploic foramen
Caldocentesis takes sample from?
Rectouterine pouch
Tail of pancreas-
in linorenal ligament
is a mesentery
McBurney’s point
where you can find appendix
Which ligament does short gastric artery run through?
Gastrosplenic (ligament)
between stomach and spleen
What is lateral arcuate ligament associated with?
Quadratus lumborum
ligament is an arch near aorta hiatus (is the outer most)
Which isn’t in portal hepatis?
within hepatoduodenal
Hepatic vein
takes blood from liver to IVC (portal is entering liver)
All of the following are in the spermatic cord except
a. internal spermatic fascia
b.ductus deferens
c. external spermatic fascia
d. parietal peritoneum
Referred pain of appendix?
spinal cord
T10
Femoral nerve associated with?
section of spinal cord
L2-L4
Sympathetics for hindgut?
spinal cord
T12-L2
Where does bile enter GI tract?
2nd segment at duodenum
Which part of the duodenum has the major and minor duodenal papilla?
2
Which not in spermatic cord?
Transversus abdominus
what lies posterior to the rectus abdominus?
transversalis fascia
What is posterior (deep) to the Rectus sheath?
Transversalis fascia
Where is ligamentum venosum?
Left sagittal fissure
on liver
all of the following have an insertion formed by the ending of their respective aponeurosis on the line alba except
rectus abdominus
insertion on xiphoiod (goes up and down)
is what forms Abs
Which is 2 ̊ retroperitoneal?
- Pancreas (head, neck, & body)
- Duodenum (2nd & 3rd)
- Ascending Colon
- Descending Colon
- Upper Recutum
anwser was not listed but these are the only ones that are
Renal pelvis is most posterior in
kidney
there may be more to this question this was all that was listed
Where does the gastroepiploic artery run?
also know as right gastoomental artery
Gastrocolic (liagment)
located on the bottom of the stomach
What doesn’t empty into the IVC?
the gut
Where does the right gastrohepatic ligament lie?
Between liver and stomach
it is apart of the lesser omentum which is a mescentary
Where is the referred pain of the appendix?
Skin surrounding umbilicus
What part of the stomach is visible in an xray?
fundis
Arrangement of the portal hepatis?
within the hepatoduodenal ligament
Portal Vein (Posterior) Hepatic artery (anterior-left) Common bile duct (anterior-right)
Which part of the pancreas is mesenteric?
tail
(not retroperitoneal)
Psoas shadow is a good landmark to estimate what organ?
kidney
obturator nerve has what function on leg?
Adduction of leg (L2-L4 obturator nerve supplies adductor muscles of the thigh)
What nerve do anterior compartment of thigh (leg)?
Femoral nerve
Where does lymph in skin around xiphoid process drain?
Axillary nodes
What nerves/axons would you cut through if you sliced the mesentery of SI several inches before the body wall?
(SMA)
Post-synaptic sympathetic, presynaptic parasympathetic
Which of these is primarily retroperitoneal?
Suprarenal gland
never had a mesentery
Which organ is entirely mesenteric?
Stomach
In late pregnancy which nerve is compressed between the anterior superior iliac and the inguinal ligament?
Lateral femoral cutaneous
the lower border of the aponeurosis of which of the following forms the inguinal ligament?
external oblique
A person standing up, what is most easily seen in a radiograph?
Fundus
What is the most common position of the appendix?
retrocecal
In who is indirect inguinal hernia most commonly found?
Infant male
Which type of hernia is shown in picture?
direct
exits superfical ring
medial to epigastric vessel exits at the superficial
Consider the lesser sac as if it was a 4-sided room with ceiling being the liver, which side is the omental foramen located?
right
Which organs PP is sensitive to temperature and cutting?
Pancreas
Which organ has a rich dual blood supply?
pancreas
Iliohypogastric is the ventral rami of what segment?
L1
Where do the hepatopancreatic secretions mix before entering the duodenum?
Ampulla of Vater
(T/F)Left Renal vein passes behind the aorta
false
The Inferior Mesenteric vein drains into what?
Splenic Vein
Which of these do not drain into the internal inguinal lymph nodes?
testes
Paraaortic lymph nodes drian gonads ( because they travel down)
In adults which of these contains function vessels?
Lateral umbilical vein
WHich of the following does not develop as apart of the GI system?
spleen
WHich of the following does not contain any vessels?
Gastrophrenic Ligament
near top of stomach
If a male urethra is injured and ruptures, between what anterior abdominal body wall layers does blood and urine accumulate?
Between Scarpia’s fascia and External Abdominal wall
Which layer does not contribute to the spermatic cord?
Transversus Abdominus
Where is the Ductus Deferens located?
Within internal spermatic fascia and posterior to process vaginalis
What gives cremaster motor innervation?
Genitofemoral
males only have motor in this
What ligament is around the uterine tube?
Mesosalpinx
Which of the following fill not be affected by the loss of somatic innervation to the anterior abdominal wall?
inhalation
If the lesser sac were a room with ceiling, two walls and a floor, where would the hilum of the spleen be loacted?
left wall
What organ has a mesenteric attachment to the anterior body wall?
liver
only organ that does
The internal iliac artery supplies all the following except?
ovary
Which is not an autonomic ganglion?
dorsal root
somatic sensory
The round ligment in females is a remnant of
Gubernaculum
Which of the following structures remians in the inguinal canal in women?
- (b)genito branch of genitofemoral nerve
- (d)remnant of Gubernaculum
answer is (e. b and d)
The attachment of the Gubernaculum in the scrotum is homologous with what in females?
Labia majora
Which segment of the duodenum retains its mesenteries?
1st
Where would the anastomoses of the celiac artery and the superior mesenteric artery occur in the duodenum?
Between the 2nd and 3rd
All are part of the greater omentum except?
hepatodunodenal
is apart of the lesser omentum
Which of these organs is attached to the anterior body wall through the mesenteric ligament?
liver
Behind the pancreas the splenic vein runs
inferior to the splenic artery
When going through the path of lesser splanchnic you will not encounter which of the following?
grey Communicans
In the great splanchnic nerve you find?
Sympathetic and visceral pain
Increase parasympathetic stimulation of the bladder causes?
detruser muscle to contract, and internal urinary sphincter to relax to eliminate urine
List the renal structures anterior to posterior
Renal vein, renal artery, renal plexus
VAP
at what level does the esophagus pierce the diaphragm?
T10
In the esophageal varices, the azygous has anastomoses with which branch of the portal vein?
Left gastric vein
Which of these aortic branches passes by the c-shape lesser curvature of the duodenum?
Superior mesenteric Artery
in terms of bile drainage and arterial blood supply, the caudate lobe is part of which functional side?
left side
The gallbladder lies where in relation to the saggittal fissures of the liver?
Anterior part of right sag. Fissure
When the common hepatic artery branches off celiac artery and goes what direction?
right
The deep inguinal ring is located?
Lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
The obturator nerve does what action?
adduct
The appendicular artery branches off of what?
ileocolic
Which of the following gets its parasympathetic innervation from the pelvic splanchnic nerves?
Descending
the division is at the 2/3 transverse colon
Where is the anastomoses b/t Inferior Mesenteric Artery and Superior Mesenteric Artery?
2/3 Transverse Colon or Left colic flexure
(mesocolon)
Pelvic splanchnic nerves may contain all of the following except:
Sympathetics
the Pelvic splanchnic nerve provides what type of intervention to the hindgut?
parasympathetic
Preganglionic sympathetics reach the celiac ganglion primarily via the:
Greater splanchnic nerve
(T/F)Transversalis fascia always lies superficial to the rectus abdominus
false
it lies below it
Which of the following lists the correct sequence of visceral pain from the jejunum to the CNS?
superior mesenteric plexus, lesser splanchnic nerve, white ramus, spinal nerve, dorsal root
is in midgut (VP follows symp back)
What best describes what kinds of nerve fibers surround the Superior Mesenteric Artery?
postganglionic sympathetics and preganglionic parasympathetics
The cremaster muscle is an extension of
internal abdominal obliques
(T/F) structures that are mesenteric also contain a parietal peritoneum
false
would be covered in viseral peritoneum
The splenic artery is a direct branch of:
Celiac Artery
(T/F)the ilioinguinal nerve innervates the cremaster muscle
false
genitofemoral nerve innervates (only males have motor)
The major duodenal papilla are located in:
2nd segment of the duodenum
Which of the following vessels passes anterior to the fourth segment of the duodenum?
superior mesenteric artery
Which of the following will maintain the normal direction of blood flow in a severe case of portal hypertension?
inferior vena cava
(T/F) the lesser sac lies anterior to the stomach
false
Which artery lies within the transverse mesocolon?
Middle colic
Which of the following structures is primarily retroperitoneal?
Ureters
The superior rectal artery is a branch of:
inferior mesenteric artery
If a sample is to be taken from the uterorectal pouch a needle is passed through:
the vagina
Trace the path of urine from the renal pyramids to the outside world:
renal pyramids – papillae – minor calyces – major calyces – renal pelvis – ureter – bladder – urethra
The gastroepiploic arteries:
run in the greater omentum
from what spinal nerve segment does the genitofemoral nerve arise?
L1 and L2
Which muscle is pierced by the genitofemoral nerve?
Psoas major
The correct pathway for semen from the testis to the outside is:
testis → epididymis → ductus deferens → ejaculatory duct → prostatic urethra → membranous urethra → penile urethra → external urethral orifice
(T/F)the prostate is superior to the urinary bladder
false
Which is not transmitted by the hepatoduodenal ligament?
main pancreatic duct
is within the pancreas
Which of the following types of innervation causes the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall to contract?
somatic motor
Which of the following structures is suspended by “The Mesentery”?
Ileum
Which of these are secondarily retroperitoneal?
pancreas
everything but the tail
What will receive primary blood supply from the inferior mesenteric artery
descending colon
The coronary ligament separates:
The bare area of the liver and peritoneal cavity
Which of the following is not a site of anastomosis in the case of severe portal hypertension?
splenic flexure of the colon
These are places you would have them Esophagus (Esophageal varices),
Umb
Which organ receives its preganglionic sympathetic innervation primarily via the lesser splanchnic nerve?
ascending colon
midgut
On which side of the portal-canal system does the blood flow reverse?
Portal Vein
What is primary retroperitoneal?
- Kindey
- Adernal Glands
- Ureters
- Aorta
- Rectum (lower)
- IVC
- Anal Canal
never had a mesentery
UR 3A IK
Along what pathway would visceral pain from the rectum travel?
pelvic splanchinic
What does primary retroperitoneal mean?
it never had a mesentery
what does secondary retroperitoneal mean?
had a mesentery but lost it during development
What does intraperitoneal mean?
suspend in a mesentery
The superior mesentreric vein drains all of the following except
spleen
(drains transvese colon, small intestine and cecum)
the inferior mesenteric artery supplies all of the following except
ascending colon
supplies descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum
What are structures are intraperitoneal?
- Stomach
- Liver and Gallbladder
- Duodenum (1st)
- Pancreas (TAIL)
- Spleen
- Appendix
- Ileum, Jeunum, Transverse Colon, Sigmoid colon
all of GI tube but the ascending and descending and DUO 2 and 3
Which of the following structures receieves parasympathetic innervation from. the pelvic splanchnic?
sigmoid colon
Parasympathetics Rectum
-Relaxtion of interal sphincter(inhibit)
-Increased Peristalsis of rectum
Sympathetics Rectum
-Tightening of interal sphincter
-Decreased Peristalsis of rectum
Sympathtics Foregut
greater splan — > (celiac)—->
T5-T9
post gang follows artery same name as the (prevertral ganglion)
Sympathetics Midgut
lesser splan —-> (superior mesenteric)—->
T9- T12
post gang follows artery same name as the (prevertral ganglion)
Sympathetics Hindgut
least splan —–> (inferior mesenteric)—->
T12- L2
post gang follows artery same name as the (prevertral ganglion)
Funciton of left Liver (bile)
left
quadrate
caudate
Funciton of RIght Liver (bile)
Right
Funciton of left Liver (arteral blood)
left
quadrate
caudate
Funciton of right Liver (arteral blood)
right
quadrate
Which vessel gives rise to the right gastroomental artery
gastroduodenal artery
Where is the location of the splenic vein?
posterior to pancreas and inferior to splenic artery
