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Biological Molecules Enzymes Qs > Qs > Flashcards

Qs Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Organ that produces amylase

A

Pancreas

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2
Q

Organ that produces maltase

A

Small intestine

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3
Q

Maltose hydrolysed by enzyme maltase

Explain why maltase catalyses only this reaction

A

Only maltose can fit
Maltase specifically complimentary to maltose active site shape
Enzyme substrate complexes form

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4
Q

Describe how saturated fatty acid differs in molecular structure from an unsaturated fatty acid

A

Absence of double bond in hydrocarbon chain

Unable to accept more hydrogen

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5
Q

How prokaryotic DNA is different from eukaryotic DNA

A

Eukaryotic - introns + associated w histones

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6
Q

Humans and grasshoppers have very similar percentages of each base in their DNA but they are very different organisms

Use your knowledge of DNA structure and function to explain how this is possible

A

Different sequences of bases code for different genes

Bases in different order

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7
Q

DNA of a virus is different from that of other organisms

Use table above and knowledge of DNA to suggest what this difference is + explain answer

A

Adenine doesn’t equal to Thymine
No base pairing
Is single stranded

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8
Q

What reducing sugars or sugar would you expect to be produced during chewing

Give reason

A

Maltose
Reducing sugar
Salivary amylase hydrolyses starch

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9
Q

Concentration of glucose in blood rises after eating a meal containing carbohydrates. Rise is slower if the carb is starch rather than sucrose

Explain why

A

Sucrose digestion one step
Starch digested to maltose by amylase
Maltose digested to glucose

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10
Q

Describe how proteins are digested in the human gut

A

Hydrolysis of peptide bonds
Endopeptidases break polypeptide into smaller peptide chains
Exopeptidases remove terminal amino acids
Dipepdidases hydrolysed dipeptides into amino acids

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11
Q

Use information provided to explain the effect glycaemic load of the diet Haa on risk of developing CHD

A

More harmful lipids
Greater risk of atheroma
Atheroma leads to blockage of coronary artery

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12
Q

Explain differ3nce in the initial rate of reaction at 60 degrees and 37 degrees

A

More kinetic energy

More ES complexes form

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13
Q

Explain the difference in rates of reaction at 60 degrees and 37 degrees between 20 mins and 40 mins

A

Higher temp causes denaturarion of all enzyme
Reaction stops bc active site changed shape
Substrate still available
But not converted to product

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14
Q

Explain the difference in structure of the starch molecule and cellulose molecule shown in diagram

A

Cellulose beta glucose
Starch alpha glucose
Position of hydrogen and hydroxyl groups on carbon 1 inverted

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15
Q

Enzyme/protein test

A

Buiret test

Purple

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16
Q

Hydroxylating

A

Addition of OH group

17
Q

Triglyceride molecule formed by condensation . From how many molecules this triglyceride formed

A

4

18
Q

Reducing sugar test

A

Benedicts reagent
Heat 95 degrees
Red orange ppt

19
Q

Student concluded from investigation optimum pH amylase is 8

Is conclusion valid explain

A

More pHs need to be tested

20
Q

Explain whyndoctors stopped measuring after 8 hours

A

Little difference

Between all groups

21
Q

Carbon dioxide in breath contained radioactive form C

Explain how C in CO2 came from C in glucose in blood

A

Aerobic respiration

By cells

22
Q

Aspirin only affects one of the enzymes in the pathway

Explain why aspirin doesn’t affect other enzymes

A

Effects one amino acid

Not found in active sites

23
Q

Aspirin is enzyme inhibitor

Explain how aspirin prevents substrate molecules being converted to product molecules

A

Occupies active site
Substrate no longer complimentary
Substrate doesn’t bind

24
Q

Suggest how binding of cyanide to cytochrome oxidase affects enzyme

A

Inhibition
Changes tertiary structure
Changes shape of active site

25
Q

Treatment w isoniazid leads to osmotic lysis of the bacterium. Use the information in diagram to suggest how

A

Cell wall production inhibited
Lowers water potential in bacterium
Water enters + causes lysis

26
Q

Use figure 1 and 2 and knowledge of enzyme action to explain why arrows point in opposite directions

DNA REPLICATION

A

Dna antiparallel strands
Nucleotides aligned differently
Enzymes w active sites w specific shape
Only substrates w complimentary shape / only 3’ end binds w active site of enzyme

Biological Molecules Enzymes Qs (1 decks)

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