qlyn Flashcards

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1
Q

Line Bones

A

Cartilages

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2
Q

Connect Bones

A

Ligaments

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3
Q
Contain specialized cells
Produces soil matrix of calcium salt deposits
Dense, Supportive connective Tissue
Around collagen fibers
No ground substances
A

Bone (Osseous) Tissue

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4
Q
  1. Support
  2. Storage
  3. Blood Cell Production
  4. Protection
  5. Leverage
A

Five Primary Functions of the Skeleton System

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5
Q

Found between the flat bones of the skull (Form close to suture)

A

Small irregular bones

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6
Q

Have complex Shapes Example: spinal vertebrae, pelvic bones (don’t fit a generalized shape)

A

Irregular Bones

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7
Q

Small and thick Example: ankle and wrist bones (short and boxy found in cluster)

A

Short Bones

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8
Q

Thin with parallel surfaces

Found in the skull, sternum, ribs, scapulae (Bigger bone between the suture)

A

Flat Bones

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9
Q

Long and thin

Found in arm legs, hands, feet, fingers and toes

A

Long bones

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10
Q

Small and Flat

Develop inside tendons near joints of knees, hands and feet

A

Sesamoid Bones

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11
Q

Depressions (fossa) or grooves

A

Bone markings

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12
Q

Where blood and nerves enter bone

A

tunnels (canal, channels)

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13
Q

(bone cells) within lacunae organized around blood vessels

A

Osteocytes

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14
Q

Form pathways for blood vessels

Exchange nutrients and wastes

A

Canaliculi

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15
Q

Two thirds of bone matrix is

A

calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2

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16
Q

Ca(OH)2

A

calcium hydroxide

17
Q

Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

A

To form crystals of hydroxyapatite

18
Q

Bone Cell, Four types of cells

A

Osteon
Osteoclast
Osteoblast
osteocytes

19
Q
  1. Mature bone cell that maintain the bone matrix
  2. Live in Lacunae
  3. Connect by cytoplasmic extensions through canaliculi in lamellae
A

osteocytes

20
Q
  1. To maintain protein and mineral content of matrix

2. To help repair damage bone

A

Two major functions of osteocytes

21
Q

Immature bone cells that secrete matrix compounds

A

Osteoblast: (blast: immature build)

22
Q

making new bone

A

osteogenesis

23
Q
  1. Osteoblast surround by bone become
A

osteocytes

24
Q

Bone building and bone recycling must balance

More breakdown than building, bones become weak

A

Homeostasis

25
Q

The structural unit in bone (columns that go through the bone)

A

Osteon

26
Q

Allow blood to move to the osteocytes

A

Canaliculi

27
Q

layers form by the osteocytes around the central canal

(circum- go around navigate): Layer of bone surrounding the overall bone

A

Concentric Lamellae

28
Q

Endosteum lining (osteonregenitor cell live)

A

Central Canal

29
Q

Connect central canal, they run perpendicular to the osteon (central canal)

A

Perforating Canal

30
Q

turn something into something (turning something into bone

The process of replacing other tissues with bone

A

Ossification

31
Q

The process of depositing calcium salts
Occurs during bone ossification
Ossification

A

Calcification

32
Q

Compact bone thickens and strengthens long bone with layers of circumferential lamellae
When long bones stop growing after puberty

A

Appositional Growth

33
Q

forming bone between membrane

A

Intramembranous Ossification

34
Q
  1. Produced by parathyroid glands in neck
  2. Increases calcium ion levels by
  3. Stimulating osteoclasts
  4. Increasing intestinal absorption of calcium
  5. Decreasing calcium excretion at kidneys
A

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

35
Q
  1. Secreted by C cells (parafollicular cells) in thyroid
  2. Decreases calcium ion levels by
  3. Inhibiting osteoclast activity
  4. Increasing calcium excretion at kidneys
A

Calcitonin

36
Q

Cracks or breaks in bones

Caused by physical stress

A

Fractures