QBank

Question 1

Which cranial nerve is related to neurocardiogenic syncope?

Answer 1

Vagus (CN X)

Question 2

What is the most frequent cause of syncope?

Answer 2

Neurocardiogenic

Question 3

What are CNS microglial cells?

Answer 3

Smallest CNS cells, mononuclear phagocytic cells

Question 4

What are microglial cells derived from?

Answer 4

Bone marrow monocytes (mesoderm)

Question 5

Which anticonvulsant is associated with gingival hyperplasia?

Answer 5

Phenytoin

Question 6

What is the MOA of phenytoin?

Answer 6

Blockade of sodium channels, prolonging their inactive state, thereby decreasing axonal conduction

Question 7

Cystic malformation of the cerebellum and 4th ventricle. Atresia of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka causing the 4th ventricle to become a blind pouch. Hydrocephalus develops in the majority of cases.

Answer 7

Dandy-Walker malformation

Question 8

Malformation involving downward displacement of cerebellum into the foramen magnum

Answer 8

Arnold Chiari Malformation

Question 9

Classical presentation of central spinal stenosis

Answer 9

Bilateral radicular pain that worsens with standing, walking, or climbing stairs and has an insidious onset

Question 10

Presentation of lateral spinal stenosis

Answer 10

Unilateral radicular pain

Question 11

Psoas syndrome presentation

Answer 11

Pseudoradiculopathy with pain only to the knee (C/L)

Question 12

Street drug associated with these symptoms: combativenes, impulsitivity, agitation, ataxia, hypersalivation, muscle rigidity, paranoia, psychosis

Answer 12

Phencyclidine (PCP)

Question 13

MOA of PCP

Answer 13

Blockade of NDMA receptors

Question 14

Street drug associated with these symptoms: euphoria, hypervigilance, anxiety, grandiosity, paranoia, tachycardia, pupillary dilation, cardiac arrythmias

Answer 14

Amphetamine & cocaine

Question 15

MOA of amphetamine and cocaine

Answer 15

Increases the amount of dopamine and NE in the synaptic cleft

Question 16

What does elevated alpha-fetoprotein indicate?

Answer 16

Neural tube defect

Question 17

Which anticonvulsants are associated with spina bifida?

Answer 17

Valproic acid and carbemazepine

Question 18

Which stage of sleep is associated with major depression?

Answer 18

REM sleep

Question 19

Which stage of sleep is associated with consolidation of long-term memory?

Answer 19

REM sleep

Question 20

Which stage of sleep is associated with enuresis?

Answer 20

Stage 3

Question 21

Tourette syndrome is associated with increased levels or activity of?

Answer 21

Dopamine

Question 22

Most appropriate medication to treat Tourette syndrome?

Answer 22

Haloperidol