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analytical chemistry > QA vs QC > Flashcards

QA vs QC Flashcards

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1
Q

Quality Assurance

A
  • encompasses a set of procedures designed to ensure the reliability of laboratory analysis
  • process-oriented and focuses on defect prevention
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2
Q

Quality Control

A
  • encompasses a set of procedures designed to
    validate measurement quality
  • product oriented and focuses on defect identification
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3
Q

Raw data

A

individual values of a measured
quantity

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4
Q

Treated data

A

concentrations found by
applying a calibration procedure to the raw data

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5
Q

Results

A

what is ultimately report such as
mean, standard deviation and confidence interval after applying statistics to treated data

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6
Q

True or false: QA begins with sampling

A

true

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7
Q

False positive

A

says that the concentration
exceeds the legal limit when in fact the concentration is below the limit

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8
Q

False negative

A

says that the concentration is
below the limit when it is actually above the limit

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9
Q

Method blank

A

sample containing all components
except analyte

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10
Q

Reagent blank

A

similar to method blank but it has not
been subjected to all sample preparation procedure

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11
Q

Field blank

A

similar to method blank but it has been
exposed to the site of sampling

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12
Q

Calibration blank

A

used in establishing the analytical
curve

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13
Q

Rinse blank

A

is used to flush the instrument uptake
system and nebulizer between standards, check
solutions and samples to reduce memory
interferences

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14
Q

Matrix

A

refer to everything else in the sample
other than analyte

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15
Q

Spike (fortification)

A

known quantity of analyte
added to a sample to test whether the
response to a sample is the same as that
expected from a calibration curve.

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16
Q

Performance test samples

A

quality control
measure to help eliminate bias introduced by
the analyst knowing the concentration of the
calibration check sample

17
Q

Standard Operating Procedures

A

states what
steps will be taken and how they will be carried
out are the bulwark of quality assurance

18
Q

Assessment

A

process of collecting data to show that
analytical procedures are operating
within specified limits and verifying that
final results meet use objectives

19
Q

Method Validation

A

process of proving that an analytical method is
acceptable for its intended purpose

20
Q

Repeatability (spread of measurements

A

established
through the standard deviation and/or the relative
standard deviation

21
Q

Ruggedness

A

ssessment of precision or variation
by different analysts using different instruments on
different days but within the same laboratory

22
Q

Reproducibility

A

refers to the variation obtained by
different analysts utilizing different instruments in
different laboratories using the same analytical
method with similar samples (Precision)

23
Q

Selectivity

A

ability of a method to distinguish the
response of different analytes from each other
means being able to distinguish analyte from other species in
the sample (avoiding interference)

24
Q

Specificity

A

ability of a method to provide a response
to a single analyte only
ability of an analytical method to distinguish the analyte from
everything else that might be in the sample

25
Q

Linearity

A

measures how well a calibration curve
follows a straight line

26
Q

Sensitivity

A

capability of responding reliably and
measurably to changes in analyte concentration

27
Q

Accuracy

A

nearness to the truth

28
Q

spiking

A

most common method to evaluate accuracy

28
Q

Range

A

concentration interval over which linearity, accuracy
and precision are all acceptable (linear vs dynamic)

28
Q

Limit of Quantitation

A

smallest amount that can be
measured with reasonable accuracy

29
Q

Limit of Detection

A

smallest quantity of analyte that is
“significantly different” from the blank

30
Q

Robustness

A

measure of the capability of an analytical method to
remain unaffected by small (but intentional) changes to parameters
in the method

31
Q

Recovery

A

the fraction of analyte added to a
blank matrix before analysis that is actually
measured by the method

32
Q

Matrix effect

A

change in the analytical
signal caused by anything in the
samples other than analyte

33
Q

Internal Standard

A

Known amount of a compound different
from analyte that is added to the
unknown

analytical chemistry (10 decks)

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