QA Flashcards

1
Q

Define what is meant by quality

A

Quality means that a product should meet its specifications.
Fit for purpose
Continually meeting customer needs
Delivering the right product/service fit for purpose/ customer

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2
Q

Quality Control

A

A set of activities designed to evaluate a developed product.

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3
Q

Quality assurance

A

A set of activities designed to ensure that the development and or maintenance process is adequate to meet its objectives throughout the life cycle of a project.

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4
Q

Differentiate between conformance and non-conformance costs

A

Conformance Costs- Prevention + Appraisal
Documentation
Training
Auditing
Planning
Inspection
Non- Conformance Costs- Internal + External Failure
Rework
Scrap
Waiting
Downtime

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4
Q

Quality Management System

A

A formalized system that documents processes, procedures, and responsibilities for achieving quality policies and objectives.

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5
Q

The hierarchy of documentation in a typical QMS

A

Quality Manual
Quality Procedures
Work Instructions
Quality Records

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6
Q

What are the key fey features of most Quality Assurance systems.

A
  1. Inspection
  2. Processes
  3. Quality circles
  4. Control of purchased goods
  5. Non-conformances
  6. Product recall
  7. Identification traceability
  8. QC
  9. Document control
  10. Auditing
    Quality documentation
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7
Q

Describe the purpose of the quality policy in the Quality Manual

A

A quality policy is a brief statement that aligns with your organization’s purpose and strategic direction, provides a framework for quality objectives, and includes a commitment to meet applicable requirements (ISO 9001, customer, statutory or regulatory) as well as to continually improve.

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8
Q

What are the key aspects of a ‘controlled’ SOP

A
  1. Uniquely Identifiable
  2. Unique Name & Revision
  3. “X of Y” Format
  4. Revision History
  5. Controlled & Retrievable
  6. Kept Safe
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9
Q

Good Documentation Practice

A

Good documentation practices (GDocP) are key components of GMP compliance. Good record-keeping not only helps you during regulatory inspections (GMP audits), it is mandatory to ensure your documentation practices — and your products — meet industry standards and legal requirements for safety, efficacy and product quality.
Direct transcription onto document.
Legible writing
Initials to Authenticate
Justify overwriting
Date format DD/MM/YYYY
Time format 24.00hrs

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10
Q

Define what is meant by a quality audit

A

Quality Audit is the process of systematic examination of a quality management system (QMS) carried out by an internal or external quality auditor / team. QA
It is an important part of an organization’s QMS and is a key element in the ISO quality management system standard, ISO 9001.

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11
Q
  1. What is the purpose of a quality audit?
A
  1. assessing the strength of the quality culture.
  2. determining the commitment to continuous improvement.
  3. appraising the systems in place
  4. evaluating the systems in place to ensure that measures taken to maintain and enhance quality are appropriate and effective; and
  5. establishing whether the organisation is embracing the concept of fitness for purpose.
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12
Q

Outline the conduct of an audit

A

Planning the audit.
Executing the audit.
Reporting the audit results; and
Follow-up and evaluation of audit findings, conclusions, and recommendations.

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13
Q

Outline the role of the auditor

A

Evaluate the quality system.
Carry out assigned audit tasks.
Comply with audit requirements.
Respect all confidentiality requirements.
Collect evidence about the quality system.
Document audit observations and conclusions

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14
Q

Outline the role of the auditee

A

Explain the nature, purpose, and scope of the audit to employees.
Appoint employees to accompany and assist the auditors.
Ensure that all personnel cooperate fully with the audit team.
Provide the resources the audit team needs to do the audit.
Allow auditors to examine all documents, records, and facilities.
Correct and prevent problems that were identified by the audit

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15
Q

Following ISO10011 when should an audit be carried out?

A

A client may initiate an audit because:
* A regulatory agency requires an audit.
* A previous audit indicated that
a follow-up audit was necessary.
* An auditee has made important changes in:
* Policies or procedures.
* Technologies or techniques.
* Management or organization.
An auditee may carry out audits on a regular basis to improve quality system performance or to achieve business objectives.

16
Q

What are the basic principles on which ISO 9001 is based?

A
  • Focus on your customers
  • PROVIDE LEADERSHIP
  • Involve your people
  • Use a process approach
  • Take a systems approach
  • Encourage continual improvement
  • Get the facts before you decide
  • Suppliers
17
Q

What is meant by the process & systems approach and why is it advocated by ISO 9001?

A

Set of interrelated or interacting activities, which transforms inputs into outputs.
“Identifying, understanding and managing interrelated processes as a system contributes to the organization’s effectiveness and efficiency in achieving its objectives.”
A desired result is achieved more efficiently when activities and related resources are managed as a process

18
Q

Describe what is GMP?

A

A GMP is a good production and testing practice that helps to ensure a quality (safe & effective) product

19
Q

Describe what is GLP

A

GLP embodies a set of principles that provides a framework within which laboratory studies are planned performed, monitored, reported and archived.

20
Q

Describe what is validation?

A

A quantitative approach is needed to prove quality, functionality, and performance of a medical device process.
This approach will be applied to individual pieces of equipment as well as the manufacturing/service process as a whole.

21
Q

IQ- Installation Qualification

A

This protocol ensures that the system/equipment and its components are installed correctly and to the original manufacturer’s specifications.
Calibration of major equipment, accessory equipment, and/or utilities should be performed in this step as well.

22
Q

OQ- Operational Qualification

A

This step proceeds after the IQ has been performed.
In the OQ, tests are performed on the critical parameters of the system/process. These are usually the independent and/or manipulated variables associated with the system/equipment.
All tests’ data and measurements must be documented in order to set a baseline for the system/equipment.

23
Q

PQ- Performance Qualification

A

This is the third and final phase of validation.
This phase tests the ability of the process to perform over long periods of time within tolerance deemed acceptable.
PQ is performed on the manufacturing process as a whole. Individual components of the system are not tested individually.

24
Q

Why is validation important?

A

Defines tests that will demonstrate that the process consistently and repeatedly produces the desired product.