Q5190 Ground Eval Guide Flashcards
Minimum Acceleration Check Speed (MACS) Definition
-Min acceptable speed at the check distance with which the takeoff should be continued
MACS is computed to allow…
variations in engine performance due to engine trim, throttle setting, and pilot technique
MACS is computed by…
reducing NACS 3 kts per 1000’ that runway length exceeds CFL not to exceed a 10 kt decrease
MACS validates…
The rest of the TOLD
Refusal Speed (RS) Definition
The maximum speed to which the aircraft can accelerate with both engines operating in MAX and either…
Abort with Both engines operating
or abort with engine failure
RS-BEO assumptions (Aircraft has not rotated)
- 3 second reaction time
- Both engines produce MAX thrust during the 3 seconds
- In 3 point attitude and <130KCAS, braking applied that desired braking achieved in 2 seconds.
RS-BEO assumptions (Aircraft has rotated)
- 3 second reaction time
- Both engines produce MAX thrust during the 3 seconds
- Pitch held at 7.5* for aerobraking until 120 KCAS. when nose settles proceed with normal braking.
RS-EF assumptions (Aircraft has not rotated)
- 3 second reaction time
- One engine in max/ one windmilling during 3 sec.
- In 3 point attitude and <130KCAS, braking applied that desired braking achieved in 2 seconds.
RS-EF assumptions (Aircraft has rotated)
- 3 second reaction time
- One engine in max/ one windmilling during 3 sec.
- Pitch held at 7.5* for aerobraking until 120 KCAS. when nose settles proceed with normal braking.
Decision Speed (DS) definition
The minimum speed at which the aircraft can experience and instantaneous engine failure and still accelerate to SETOS and takeoff in the remaining runway.
DS assumptions
- 3 second reaction time
- Accelerate in 3 point attitude prior to rotate
- One engine MAX thrust/ 1 windmilling
- Takeoff approx 700’ from start of rotation at SETOS
Critical Engine Failure Speed (CEFS)
Definitions
The speed to which the aircraft accelerates with bother engines, experiences an engine failure and permit either acceleration to SETOS and takeoff or deceleration to a stop in the same distance.
CEFS Assumptions
Same as RS-EF and DS
Critical Field Length (CFL) Definition
Total runway length required to accelerate with both engines to CEFS, experience an engine failure, then either continue to takeoff or stop in the same distance.
Single Engine Takeoff Speed (SETOS) Definition
The speed at which the aircraft can climb out of ground effect at a minimum of 100 feet per minute with gear down, flaps at 60%. (Rotation initiated at SETOS)
SETOS assumptions
- Min SETOS is 2 eng TOS
- Ch 3 lists 8-50 FPM for each add kt (non-PMP)
- Single engine climb charts shows less than 60 FPM increase for each Kt.
- Takeoff approximately 700’ from start of rotation at SETOS
- Above SETOS+10, gear door drag is NF.
11-2T-38V3 Go/No-Go Speeds
With remotely controlled BAK-15?
- DS<RS-EF= use RS-EF
- RS-EF<DS<=TOS=OG approval, use TOS
- DS>TOS= No takeoff authorized
11-2T-38V3 Go/No-Go Speeds
With raised BAK-15?
- DS <= RS-EF= use RS-EF
- RS-EF<DS<TOS= OG approval, Use SETOS, delay rotation until 155 and NW off rwy by 174 Kts
- DS>=TOS= No takeoffs authorized
11-2T-38V3 Go/No-Go Speeds
With no BAK-15?
- DS<=RS-BEO= use RS-BEO
- RS-BEO<DS<=RS-EF= OG approval, Use RS-EF
- DS> RS-EF = No takeoffs authorized
What happens to takeoff speed as:
Temperature and pressure altitude increases?
No change, although the TAS required for takeoff increased the IAS has not.
What happens to takeoff speed as:
Headwind increases?
No change, the same airflow over the wing is still required to takeoff (IAS), although this will be achieved at a slower groundspeed
What happens to takeoff speed as:
RCR decreases?
No change, runway condition will not affect the IAS required to takeoff.
What happens to takeoff speed as:
weight decreases? Why?
decreases, given a specific rotation picture, it takes less lift. Since AOA is set by the rotation picture, this lift will be obtained at lower IAS.
What happens to takeoff distance as:
Temperature and pressure altitude increases? why?
Increases, air density reduced, thrust and acceleration reduced. Higher TAS required and since there is less acceleration the distance required goes up.