(Q4) LESSON 6: MORAL DEVELOPMENT Flashcards
moral development is _____
continual
distinction between right and wrong
morality
justification between right and wrong
moral reasoning
Moral development is linear.
false
reward and punishment
pre-conventional
influenced by adult expectations repercussions of breaking rules
pre-conventional
Levels of Moral Development (3)
- Pre-Conventional
- Conventional
- Post-Conventional
Stages of Moral Development (6)
- Obedience & Punishment
- Individualism & Exchange
- Developing Good Interpersonal RS (Goodboy/Goodgirl)
- Maintaining Social Order
- Social Contract & Individual Rights
- Universal Principles
acceptance of social rules and authority
conventional
internalization of moral standards from role models and society
conventional
rules are unchangeable and alterable
obedience & punishment
judgment based on how well they serve individual needs
individualism & exchange
reciprocity is available only if they benefit both parties
individualism & exchange
conformity, being nice, consideration of choices
developing good interpersonal relationships (goodboy/goodgirl)
focused on living up to social expectations and roles
developing good interpersonal relationships (goodboy/goodgirl)
consideration of society as a whole when making judgments
maintaining social order
doing one’s duty, following rules, respecting authority
maintaining social order
accounting for different values, principles, and beliefs of other people
social contract & individual rights
“Rules of law are essential, but all members of society must agree upon it”
social contract & individual rights
reasoning even if they conflict with laws and rules
universal principles
Moral Maturation (6)
- Self-Reflection
- Critical Thinking
- Empathy & Perspective Taking
- Ethical Decision-Making
- Seeking Guidance
- Moral Dialogue
by understanding, you can assess where you morally stand
self-reflection
by engaging in moral dilemmas and scenarios, you can
(1) look through different POVs
(2) consider the consequences of actions
(3) evaluate ethical principles
critical thinking
by putting yourself in the shoes of others, you can deepen understanding and develop compassion and empathy towards others
empathy & perspective-taking
by internalizing principles, you can navigate dilemmas with confidence and integrity making decisions that align with your values and beliefs
ethical decision-making
helps you grow and mature through mentors
seeking guidance
(1) Exploration of different POVs
(2) Challenging of assumptions
(3) Broadening understanding of ethical issues
moral dialogue
Kohlberg’s Criticisms (5)
- Moral Reasoning =/ Moral Behavior
- Overemphasizes Justice
- Cultural Bias
- Age Bias
- Gender Bias
There is a difference in knowing what we ought to do VS. our actions
Moral Reasoning =/ Moral Behavior
Interpersonal feelings like compassion and caring play an important part in moral reasoning
Overemphasizes Justice
Cultures have different moral outlooks
Cultural Bias
Subjects were under 16
Age Bias
All subjects were male
Gender Bias
Kohlberg believed that women remained at the ___ level of Moral Development, _____
3rd, Post-Conventional
moral development =
morality + moral reasoning
