Q3 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Indulgences

A

The forgiveness of the punishment due for past sins, granted by the Catholic Church authorities as a reward for a pious act.

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2
Q

Lateen Sails

A

Triangular sail that allowed ships to sail against the wind, increasing maneuverability and making early oceanic sailing possible.

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3
Q

Astrolabe

A

Any of a type of early scientific instrument used for reckoning time and for observational purposes.

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4
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

Connected almost all of the world through new networks of trade and exchange. The inter- continental transfer of plants, animals, knowledge, and technology changed the world, as communities interacted with completely new species, tools, and ideas.

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5
Q

Zheng He

A

Chinese Admiral in the Indian Ocean. In the early 1400s, Zheng He led the largest ships in the world on seven voyages of exploration to the lands around the Indian Ocean, demonstrating Chinese excellence at shipbuilding and navigation.

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6
Q

Chinampa

A

Also called floating garden, small, stationary, artificial island built on a freshwater lake for agricultural purposes. Chinampan was the ancient name for the southwestern region of the Valley of Mexico, the region of Xochimilco, and it was there that the technique was—and is still—most widely used.

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7
Q

Quipu

A

a method used by the Incas and other ancient Andean cultures to keep records and communicate information using string and knots.

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8
Q

Griots

A

are the narrators of oral traditions. Born into their highly respected position, griots play an important role. As well as being storytellers, they are poets, historians, genealogists, and musicians.

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9
Q

Role of Kinship groups

A

determine both rights and obligations to other people. These connections contribute to the way a society functions and resolve problems associated with everyday life.

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10
Q

Unifying religion after the fall of Western Rome

A

After the collapse of the western Roman Empire, the main unifying force in Europe was the Catholic Church. The church was under the supreme authority of the Bishop of Rome, or Pope, who was seen as the successor of St. Peter. As the head of the church, the Pope wields spiritual authority of all of Europe.

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11
Q

Powerhouse of trade post classical era (which regions?)

A

Trans-Saharan Caravan, Indian Ocean, Silk Roads, and the Mediterranean Sea. The regions were China and India

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12
Q

Early European nation to ‘explore’ via trade routes?

A

Five European nations were the dominant sponsors of these voyages in search of new trade routes, merchant opportunities, and - ultimately - lands to conquer. These were Portugal, Spain, England, France, and the Netherlands.

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13
Q

Who Invented rudder and compass (which region?)

A

China during the Sung dynasty.

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14
Q

Impact of Mongol expansion, function of the Khan, role with trade [Pax Mongolica]

A

The resulting stability brought by Mongol rule opened these ancient trade routes to a largely undisturbed exchange of goods between peoples from Europe to East Asia. Along the Silk Road, people traded goods such as horses, porcelain, jewels, silk, paper, and gun powder.

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15
Q

Cotton was introduced by?

A

The Indus Valley civilization started cultivating cotton by 3000 BCE.

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16
Q

Gunpowder was introduced by?

A

Chinese monks

17
Q

What was the Impact of the Bubonic plague?

A

The epidemic killed 30 to 50 percent of the entire population of Europe.

18
Q

Aztec purpose for human sacrifice?

A

The keep the sun moving across the sky and preserve their very lives, the Aztecs had to feed Huitzilopochtli with human hearts and blood.

19
Q

Battle of Hastings Impact?

A

William the Conqueror’s victory imposed a Norman ruling class, and led to the introduction of the common law. A huge building campaign designed to impose and emphasise Norman rule saw the widespread construction of many castles, cathedrals, abbeys and churches.

20
Q

What contributed to the increase of agricultural production?

A

the advent of new technologies, innovations, and process improvements in the farm sector.

21
Q

Social structure of Europe in the middle ages

A

‘Three Estates Model’. It was divided into three social orders: the First Estate comprising those who ruled or fought, the Second Estate were those who prayed, and the Third Estate comprised those who worked.

22
Q

T/F The kingdom of Mali was know for its wealth? Apex leader?

A

True, Mansa Musa from 1312 C.E. to 1337 C.E.

23
Q

What food contributed to Bantu migration/expansion across regions of sub Saharan Africa?

A

BANANAS

24
Q

What animal was domesticated to support trans Saharan trade routes? Time period when this started?

A

The Camel around the Fifth century

25
Q

Location and Impact of Swahili cities?

A

The Swahili city-states stretched along the East African coast from Somali to Mozambique. These Swahili states were bound by a common language and culture. an important contributor and receiver of goods, people, and ideas from the 11th- to the 16th-centuries. The merchants in the Indian Ocean Trading Network helped coastal cities to grow prosperous and politically powerful.

26
Q

Story of the Famous ‘Jenne’ mosque and what it represents?

A

The original mosque presided over one of the most important Islamic learning centers in Africa during the Middle Ages, with thousands of students coming to study the Quran in Djenné’s madrassas.

27
Q

Where trade developed post classical and pre modern eras.

A

Silk Roads, trans-Saharan trade network, and Indian Ocean Cloth, ceramics, pottery, metal wares, glass, beads, incense, rare woods, and spices, pearls and coral were traded alongside common goods

28
Q

Significant cash crops during early modern era?

A

sugar, tobacco, and rice.

29
Q

Staple food source Mesoamerica post classic/early modern era

A

Maize, also called milpa, was one of the most important crops. Maize was typically boiled in water and lime and eaten as a gruel mixed with chili pepper

30
Q

Contextualize the post classic and dawn of early modern history?

A