Q2 Response to pathogens

Question 1

What is the names of the PLANT resistance mechanisms? what does it do?

Answer 1

INNATE disease resistance mechanism (generalised) –> cell wall, cuticle, antimicrobial chemicals (e.g nicotine), naturally enzymes inhibitors.

INDUCED/ADAPTIVE disease resistance mechanism –> when the innate mechanism doesn’t work. There are of this mechanism
1) General (non-specific)
2) Specific (specific)

Question 2

Describe the two INDUCED/ADAPTIVE disease resistance (general and specific)

Answer 2

1) General (non-specific) –> Involves receptors on plant cell walls which are enabled to recognise pathogen receptors.
–> lignin thickens (reinforces cell wall)
–> Protein produced e.g) Chitinase which stop the reproduction of pathogen
–> Secretes antimicrobial molecules e.g) nitric oxide

2) Specific (specific) –> The hypersensitive response is involved occurs when the plant recognises a specific antigen (resistant proteins) secreted by the pathogen.
–> activates genes to produce chemical to destroy it e.g) antimicrobial
–>leads to apoptosis (death of infected cell)

Question 3

What is an example of a plant disease?

Answer 3

Potato plant –> caused by fungi –> causes the disease Potato blight.

The plants immune system recognises the the microbial pattern (i.e beta glucans), protease is produced in order to stop the growth of the fungi –> stops it from obtaining nutrients necessary for the plant’s survival.