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SP14 Occlusion > Q2-Masticatory Dynamics > Flashcards

Q2-Masticatory Dynamics Flashcards

1
Q 
Carnivores have;
teeth with (high/low) cusps
TMJ restricted \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 
TMJ at level of \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_
emphasis of \_\_\_\_\_\_ muscle
zygomatic arch is (narrow/wide)
A 
high
mobility
tooth row (generates force)
temporalis
narrow
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2
Q

Carnivores have a primarily (vertical/horizontal) TMJ movement

A

vertical (generates a lot of force)

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3
Q 
Herbivores have;
teeth with (low/high) cusps
TMJ \_\_\_\_\_ mobile
TMJ \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_ tooth row
emphasis on \_\_\_\_\_\_\_/\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_ muscles
zygomatic arch (narrow/wide)
A 
low/flat
highly
elevated above
masseter/medial pterygoid
wide
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4
Q

The load of the TMJ will be generally (higher/lower) when the resultant is more distant from the bite point

A

higher

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5
Q

True or False

The human TMJ is loaded during chewing

A

False; a recent paper suggests that human TMJs are not loaded during chewing

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6
Q

The importance of human TMJ loading is that the minimization of TMJ loading is believed to reduce the likelihood of ____ _____ ____

A

degenerative joint diseases

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7
Q

This style of teeth involves the last upper premolar and first lower molar specially adapted for tearing flesh

A

carnassial teeth

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8
Q

The force generated by a muscle (is/is not) directly proportional to the cross-sectional area of all its fibers

A

IS (i.e. large muscles generate more force and power)

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9
Q

Individual muscle fibers are capable of shortening to ___-___ their length

A

one-half (therefore longer muscles can produce a large range of movement)

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10
Q

Muscles that have fibers running the entire length of the muscle belly are referred to as _____ muscles

A

strap

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11
Q

Muscles that have many fibers that do not extend to the entire length of the muscle belly and are located within tendons planes are referred to as ______ muscles

A

pennate

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12
Q

These muscles work to close the jaw (3)

A

masseter (both heads)
temporalis
medial pterygoid

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13
Q

These muscles work to open the jaw (2)

A 
lateral pterygoid (both heads)
digastrics (both bellies)
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14
Q

The main difference between jaw openers and jaw closers is…..

A

jaw openers are strap muscles and jaw closers are pennate muscles

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15
Q

The fulcrum of the jaw muscle-joint lever system is the…..

A

axis of cervical spine

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16
Q

The jaw muscle-joint lever system is a ____ class lever

A

first

17
Q

The ____ class lever is the most efficent

A

first

18
Q

Lever efficiency depends of ____ and ______

A

d1 and d2

19
Q

D1 is the distance between the fulcrum and (weight/power) and D2 is the distance between the fulcrum and (weight/power)

A 
D1 = weight
D2 = power
20
Q

A (lower/higher) D1/D2 ratio is more efficient

A

lower

21
Q

Mastication is a ____ class lever system

A

second

22
Q

The weight of a second class lever system is between the _______ and ____ ____

A

fulcrum and applied force

23
Q

The fulcrum in the second class lever system is the ______ _____

A

opposing TMJ

24
Q

Biting is a _____ class lever system

A

third

25
Q

The fulcrum of a third class lever system is the ____; and force is applies between the ____ and ______

A

TMJ

fulcrum and weight

26
Q

Third class lever produces (rapid/slow), (high/low) force jaw movements

A

rapid

low

27
Q

The mechanical advantage along the mandible _______ with the distance from the TMJ

A

increases; that is the MA is lower close to the joint

28
Q

Jaw-closing muscles express multiple types of myosin when impart differences in _________ velocity and _____ generation

A

shortening

power

29
Q

Fibers with (high/low) speed and power are (more/less) economical

A

high

less

30
Q

Muscle fibers that express (fast/slow) types of myosin are found (close/further) from the joint

A

fast

close

SP14 Occlusion (10 decks)

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