Q2: Lesson 1 | Rocks and Minerals

Question 1

dominated by Fe,
Mg, Ca, Al, SiO2

Answer 1

mafic

Question 2

silica and oxygen,
aluminum, and
potassium

Answer 2

felsic

Question 3

glassy looking, transparent or
translucent mineral which
varies in color from white and
grey to smoky

Answer 3

quartz

Question 4

is hard -
it can easily scratch a steel knife
blade

Answer 4

quartz

Question 5

grains are irregular in shape
because quartz does not have
a cleavage

Answer 5

quartz

Question 6

Instead of being glassy like
quartz, it is generally dull to
opaque with a porcelain-like
appearance.

Answer 6

feldspar

Question 7

Colour varies from
red, pink, and white
(orthoclase) to green, grey and
white (plagioclase).

Answer 7

feldspar

Question 8

The
grains, in contrast to quartz,
often have straight edges and
flat rectangular faces, some of
which meet at right angles.

Answer 8

feldspar

Question 9

They cleave
or break along flat faces

Answer 9

feldspar

Question 10

peels into many thin flat
smooth sheets or flakes.

Answer 10

mica

Question 11

may be white and pearly
(muscovite) or dark and
shiny (biotite).

Answer 11

mica

Question 12

white version of mica

Answer 12

muscovite

Question 13

dark version of mica

Answer 13

biotite

Question 14

The most common pyroxene
mineral is

Answer 14

augite

Question 15

is
generally dark green to
black in colour and forms
short, stubby crystals
which, if you look at an end-
on section, have square or
rectangular cross-sections.

Answer 15

augite

Question 16

are generally
longer, thinner and
shinier than augite
and the mineral
cross-sections are
diamond-shaped.

Answer 16

hornblende crystals

Question 17

is yellow-
green, translucent and
glassy looking

Answer 17

olivine

Question 18

Crystals are
not common; it usually
occurs as rounded grains in
igneous rocks or as granular
masses

Answer 18

olivine

Question 19

Aggregate of various
types of minerals or
individual grains of
the same kind of
mineral

Answer 19

rocks

Question 20

Molten rock material
cools and solidifies

Answer 20

igneous rocks

Question 21

are a product of the
surface processes of the
earth such as weathering
& erosion

Answer 21

sedimentary rocks

Question 22

composed of
fragments of
other rocks
(igneous,
metamorphic,
sedimentary)

Answer 22

clastic

Question 23

form by inorganic
or organically
mediated mineral
precipitation

Answer 23

chemical and organic

Question 24

Changes
form due to
enormous
heat and
pressure

Answer 24

metamorphic rocks