Q2- L1

Question 1

is constantly changing through the years.

Answer 1

The Earth

Question 2

According to the Continental Drift Theory proposed by ______ the Earth was once a giant landmass called_______

Answer 2

Alfred Wegener ; Pangaea

Question 3

Shaping the Earth’s surface involves a geological process called

Answer 3

weathering

Question 4

________ is the process of breaking down rocks, soils, and minerals together with other materials at or near the Earth’s surface.

Answer 4

Weathering

Question 5

_____ is the process by which soil and rock particles are worn away and moved elsewhere by wind, water or ice, weathering involves no moving agent of transport.

Answer 5

Erosion

Question 6

It is the process of breakdown of rocks at the Earth’s surface, either by extreme temperatures or rainwater or biological activity. It simply does not involve any movement of rock material.

Answer 6

Erosion

Question 7

The three broad categories of mechanisms for weathering:

Answer 7

1. Physical Weathering
2. Chemical Weathering
3. Biological Weathering

Question 8

Physical weathering is also called _____

Answer 8

Mechanical weathering

Question 9

It is the process wherein rocks are broken down into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition.

Answer 9

Physical weathering

Question 10

It is caused by successive heating and cooling which causes the expansion and contraction of rocks.

Answer 10

Block disintegration

Question 11

It breaks because of too hot weather in the morning, and cold weather at night

Answer 11

Block disintegration

Question 12

Other term for frost weathering

Answer 12

Frost wedging or Freeze Thaw

Question 13

refers to the alternate freezing and thawing of water inside the joints of the rocks, causing them to split into smaller particles or fragments

Answer 13

Frost weathering

Question 14

Same as frost weathering but has salt

Answer 14

Salt crystal growth

Question 15

Happens when two rocks bump into each other and breaks

Answer 15

Abrasion

Question 16

Water seeps into cracks and fractures in the rock is an example of

Answer 16

Frost weathering

Question 17

It is different from mechanical weathering because the rock changes, not just in size of pieces, but in composition

Answer 17

Chemical weathering

Question 18

one type of mineral changes into a different mineral is an example of

Answer 18

Chemical weathering

Question 19

It works through chemical reactions that cause changes in the minerals, rocks and minerals are reacting to acids, oxygen, carbon and water

Answer 19

Chemical weathering

Question 20

It is the most important agent of chemical weathering

Answer 20

Water

Question 21

Two other important agents of chemical weathering are ______ and ______

Answer 21

carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 22

It is the chemical breakdown of a substance when combined with water. The addition of water in the rock increases its volume which changes the shape. Eventually, the water together with other elements breaks down the rock.

Answer 22

Hydrolysis

Question 23

It refers to the reaction of oxygen with metal elements in a rock, forming oxides. An easily recognizable example of this is rust.

Answer 23

Oxidation

Question 24

Rust, for example, is iron oxide. When rocks, particularly those with iron in them, are exposed to air and water, the iron undergoes _________, which can weaken the rocks and make them crumble.

Answer 24

oxidation

Question 25

This occurs when carbonic acid (usually carbon dioxide mixing with water) reacts with minerals in rock

Answer 25

Carbonation

Question 26

It is very common in nature where it works to dissolve rock.

Answer 26

Carbonic acid

Question 27

_______, such as sulfur and nitrogen, from fossil fuel burning, create sulfuric and nitric acid.

Answer 27

Pollutants

Question 28

_____ and _____ are the two main components of acid rain, which accelerate chemical weathering.

Answer 28

Sulfuric and nitric acids

Question 29

_____ rapidly weathers limestone, marble, and other kinds of stone.

Answer 29

Acid rain

Question 30

Acid rain rapidly weathers_____,______, and other kinds of stone.

Answer 30

limestone, marble

Question 31

It is the disintegration of rocks caused by living organisms such as plants. animals, humans.

Answer 31

Biotic or Biological Weathering

Question 32

Other term for biologic weathering

Answer 32

Biotic weathering

Question 33

It is a natural process

Answer 33

Weathering

Question 34

Burning coal, natural gas, and petroleum releases chemicals such as ____ and ____ into the atmosphere.

Answer 34

nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide

Question 35

_____ weathers slowly because it it difficult for water to penetrate the rock due to the tightness of crystal interlocking.

Answer 35

Igneous rock

Question 36

_______, however, weathers relatively faster and will weather even faster when it comes in contact with water and acids like carbonic acid.

Answer 36

Limestone

Question 37

______ also has an effect on the rates at which rock weathers.

Answer 37

Climate

Question 38

________ is going to occur frequently in warm tropical climates due to all the precipitation.

Answer 38

Chemical weathering

Question 39

a process called ______ transports the bits of rock and mineral away. No rock on Earth is hard enough to resist the forces of weathering and erosion.

Answer 39

Erosion

Question 40

_____ and _____ constantly change the rocky landscape of Earth.

Answer 40

Weathering and erosion