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Vascular > Q2 > Flashcards

Q2 Flashcards

1
Q

Blood flow influenced by (3)

A

cardiac function
elasticity of walls
respiration

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2
Q

T/F the number of times the heart contracts per min is HR

A

true

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3
Q

laminar flow can be described as (3)

A
  • fluid flows in parallel layers
  • smooth flow pattern
  • observed in normal vessels
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4
Q

T/F bernouli effect describes a drop in pressure ______ a hemodynamically significant stenosis

A

distal to

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5
Q

During inspiration all the following occurs (3)

A
  • intra-abdo pressure increases
  • venous valves in legs close
  • blood flow in peripheral vessels reduced

NOT intrathoracic pressure increases

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6
Q

During expiration all the following occurs (3)

A
  • intra-abdo pressure decreases

- pressure gradient

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7
Q

Valsalva maneuver is useful to diagnose

A

incompetent venous valves

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8
Q

Physiologically blood flow is principally determined by

A

BP and vascular resistance

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9
Q

t/f respiratory movements aid in moving venous blood towards heart

A

true

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10
Q

Facts about the muscular venous pump (3)

A
  • muscular pump squeezes veins and propels blood forward
  • calf/thigh muscles aid in propelling blood toward the heart
  • there is enough of a pressure gradient to ensure venous return at

NOT TWO WAY VALVES

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11
Q

as a pressure wave propagates through an artery, which of the following arteries (systolic pressure and mean pressure)

A

systolic pressure increase

mean pressure decrease

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12
Q

Peripheral resistance controlled at which level of vasc system

A

arterioles

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13
Q

T/F The longer the vessel length, the greater the resistance encountered and greater the BP

A

True

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14
Q

A critical stenosis defined as narrowing of the arterial lumen resulting in a hemodynamically significant reduction in: (3)

A

Volume
Pressure
Flow

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15
Q

Characteristics of venous flow include all of the following (3)

A

phasicity
spontaneity
augmentation

NOT resistance

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16
Q

Which has the most profound effect on resistance to flow

A

viscosity

17
Q

Polycythemia facts (3)

A
  • condition of elevation hematocrit
  • higher blood viscosity
  • increases the work of the heart and can impair organ perfusion
18
Q

Flow pattern in pt with normal vessels change during exercise

A

it will become lower resistant

19
Q

T/F augmentation is a maneuver that aids in determining if a pt has an obstruction in a peripheral vein

A

True

20
Q

The frequency of the transducer influences (3)

A

image resolution
usable image depth
doppler shift

NOT angle correct (answer)

21
Q

using angle correct at 60 degrees is necessary for all the following to occur (3)

A
  • reliability between scans
  • accurate PSV measurements
  • accurate ratio measurements

NOT measuring venous flow

22
Q

T/F regarding spectrum analyzer, if angle correction is applied, the spectrum will not represent the range of velocity the sample volume

A

false

It WILLL represent the range of velocity

23
Q

t/f colour doppler is not helpful in diagnosing stenotic zones

A

FALSE (question is “which of the following is not true regarding colour dop”)

24
Q

t/f As the frequency increases, so does the resolution, but the depth of penetration decreases

A

True

25
Q

to improve colour flow image, which is the LEAST useful (1)

A

use a straight box

26
Q

t/f the PRF toggle should be used to decrease the colour velocity scale when colour aliasing is seen in a normal vessel

A

False

27
Q

t/f the PRF toggle can be used to increase doppler velocity scale when aliasing occurs within a stenosis

A

true

28
Q

cosine of an angle of insonation at 90 degrees is

A

0

29
Q

spectral aliasing is caused by all of the following (3)

and except

A
  • velocity scale too small
  • baseline too high
  • PRF set too low

EXCEPT - doppler gain too high

30
Q

t/f the colour bar indicated the range of frequencies in a spectrum

A

true

31
Q

an oversized colour box affects all of the following (3)

and except

A

decreases the resolution
decreases the colour fill-in of the vessels
decreases the frame rate

EXCEPT increases the frame rate

32
Q

t/f using a venous setting while scanning the carotid arteries will affect the colour image quality due to a colour velocity scale that is set too high

A

false

33
Q

colour “bleeding into the tissues” outside the vessel can be corrected by

A

decreasing the colour gain

34
Q

advantages of using power doppler include all of the following (3)
and EXCEPT

A
  • there is no aliasing
  • there is angle independent
  • distinguishes between pre-occlusive from occlusive lesions

EXCEPT increase sensitivity to high velocity states

Vascular (6 decks)

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